Deh Akro-II Desert Wetland Complex

The complex lies in central Sindh in Shaheed Benazirabad District,^[a] in proximity to the regions of Naushahra Feroz District at a distance of approximately 330 kilometres (210 mi) in the northeast of the provincial capital, Karachi. In the northeast of the complex, borders the Nara Desert which is a subdivision of the larger Thar Desert.

The site was officially declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1988.^[3][4] Moreover, proper measures were undertaken by WWF-Pakistan to make the wetland reach criteria; 1 – 6 and 8 for Ramsar designation in 2002.^[5] Later in 2004, the site was listed in Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas by BirdLife International under criteria; A1 and A4iii.^[6]

Deh Akro-II Complex preserves a diverse collection of wildlife due to the alteration of geographic features within the confines of the complex. It comprises marshy areas, agricultural lands, sandy deserts, and wetlands, which collectively raise it a site holding the four varying habitats. In between the desert land with an average of 5 to 10-metre sand, there are plain interdunal valleys transversing with freshwater lakes in them. Out of a total of thirty-six lakes which form the wetland of the complex, five are freshwater lakes while the remaining lakes are mostly composed of brack water due to considerable salts concentrations. All are waterbodies from the local irrigations specially the Nara Canal^[b] of the Indus River of the region, and are also fed by rainwater.^[1] Due to water scarcity and climate change, the wetland complex which initially contained 45 lakes as of 1988, reduced to 36 lakes in 2003. Later in 2021, the number reportedly dropped to 32.^[7][4] There are also human settlements in the complex which include Kunjwaro, Nathantal, Lalantar, Drigadaro, Pokhal-wari, Husayfakir, and some others.

In Deh Akro-II Complex, the commonly inhabiting animals are crocodiles, otters, waterfowls, and fishes. A community of some of the rare and endangered species of the world survive here.^[1][3] Notable rare species inhabiting the sanctuary include; oriental darter (Anhinga melanogaster), garganey (Anas Querquedula), desert wildcat (Felis lybica), and black ibis (Pseudibis papillosa). The endangered animal species include Indian hog deer (Axis porcinus), fudge duck (Aythya nyroca), and mugger crocodile (Crocodylus palustris).^[8][9]

With over 20,000 waterbirds, the wildlife sanctuary supports 101 avian species. It hosts a total of 14 fishes, 16 reptilian, and 18 mammalian species which are listed as follows:^[10]