Zhoukoudian

In 2021, Zhoukoudian Area was formed by 29 subdivisions, of those 5 were communities and 24 were villages:^[3]

Zhoukoudian Town is situated in the mountainous western portion of Fangshan District, approximately 50 kilometers southwest of central Beijing. The town occupies an area of 121.2 square kilometers characterized by limestone hills and cave formations that have made the region significant for paleontological research. The terrain consists of rolling hills in the north transitioning to steeper mountains in the southern sections, with elevations ranging from 80 to 400 meters above sea level.^[4]

The region experiences a typical continental monsoon climate with four distinct seasons. Summers are hot and humid with average temperatures reaching 26-28°C (79-82°F) in July and August, while winters are cold and dry with January temperatures averaging -4 to -6°C (21-25°F). Annual precipitation averages 600-650 millimeters, with approximately 75% falling during the summer months between June and August. The area's limestone geology has created numerous karst features including caves, sinkholes, and underground water channels that have been crucial to the preservation of ancient fossil remains.^[5]

The town's location along historical transportation routes between Beijing and the western mountainous regions contributed to its development as a mining and agricultural center before gaining prominence for its archaeological significance in the early 20th century.^[6]

• Zhoukoudian Peking Man Site

• List of township-level divisions of Beijing