Emperor Nijō
Emperor of Japan from 1158 to 1165
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Emperor Nijō (二条天皇, Nijō-tennō; July 31, 1143 – September 5, 1165) was the 78th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1158 through 1165.[1]
| Emperor Nijō 二条天皇 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Portrait from the Tenshi Sekkan Miei | |||||
| Emperor of Japan | |||||
| Reign | September 5, 1158 – August 3, 1165 | ||||
| Enthronement | January 11, 1159 | ||||
| Predecessor | Go-Shirakawa | ||||
| Successor | Rokujō | ||||
| Born | July 31, 1143 | ||||
| Died | September 5, 1165 (aged 22) | ||||
| Burial | Kōryū-ji no Misasagi (香隆寺陵) (Kyoto) | ||||
| Spouse | |||||
| Issue | Emperor Rokujō | ||||
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| House | Imperial House of Japan | ||||
| Father | Emperor Go-Shirakawa | ||||
| Mother | Minamoto Atsushiko | ||||
Genealogy
Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (his imina)[2] was Morihito-shinnō (守仁親王).[3]
He was the eldest son of Emperor Go-Shirakawa. He was the father of Emperor Rokujō.
- Empress: Imperial Princess Yoshiko (姝子内親王) later Takamatsu-in (高松院), Emperor Toba’s daughter.
- Empress: Fujiwara no Ikushi (藤原育子), Fujiwara no Tadamichi’s daughter
- Tai-Kōtaigō: Fujiwara Masuko (藤原多子) Later Grand Empress Dowager Omiya, Tokudaiji Kin'yoshi's daughter.[4]
- Toku-no-Kimi (督の君), Minamoto Tadafusa’s daughter also Fujiwara no Narichika’s Wife
- Kasuga-dono (春日殿), Nakahara Moromoto’s daughter
- First Daughter: Imperial Princess Yoshiko (僐子内親王; 1159-1171)
- Umeryo-kimi (右馬助), Minamoto Mitsunari’s daughter
- First Son: Imperial Prince Priest Son'e (尊恵法親王; 1164-1192)
- Ōkura-daisuke (大蔵大輔)
- Second Son: Imperial Prince Nobuhito (順仁親王) become Emperor Rokujo
- Minamoto Tadafusa’s daughter
- Third Son: Shine (真恵)
Events of Nijō's life
Nijō was proclaimed as heir to Emperor Go-Shirakawa.
- Hōgen 1, 2nd day of the 7th month (1156): Cloistered Emperor Toba-in died at age 54.[5]
- Hōgen 1, 10th–29th days of the 7th month (1156): The Hōgen Rebellion,[6] also known as the Hōgen Insurrection or the Hōgen War.
- Hōgen 4, on the 11th day of the 8th month (1158): In the third year of Go-Shirakawa-tennō's reign (後白河天皇二十五年), the emperor abdicated; and the succession (‘‘senso’’) was received by his eldest son. Shortly thereafter, Emperor Nijō is said to have acceded to the throne (‘‘sokui’’).[7]
After Nijō was formally enthroned, the management of all affairs continued to rest entirely in the hands of the retired emperor, Go-Shirakawa.[8]
- Heiji 1, 9th–26th day of the 12th month (1159): The Heiji Rebellion,[6] also known as the Heiji Insurrection or the Heiji War.
- Chōkan 2, on the 26th day of the 8th month (1164):The former-Emperor Sutoku died at the age of 46.[9]
- Eiman 1 (1165): The infant son of Emperor Nijō was named heir apparent and therefore Crown Prince, and would soon after become Emperor Rokujō.[6]
- Eiman 1, on the 25th day of the 6th month (1165): In the seventh year of Nijō-tennō's reign (桓武天皇七年), the emperor fell so very ill that he abdicated; and the succession (‘‘senso’’) was received by his son. Shortly thereafter, Emperor Rokujō is said to have acceded to the throne (‘‘sokui’’).[10]
- Eiman 1, 27th–28th day of the 7th month (1165): The former Emperor Nijō died at age 22.[11]
Kugyō
Kugyō (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras.
In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Nijō's reign, this apex of the Daijō-kan included:
Eras of Nijō's reign
Ancestry
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