Fiji disease virus
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| Fiji disease virus | |
|---|---|
Virus classification  | |
| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Riboviria |
| Kingdom: | Orthornavirae |
| Phylum: | Duplornaviricota |
| Class: | Resentoviricetes |
| Order: | Reovirales |
| Family: | Spinareoviridae |
| Genus: | Fijivirus |
| Species: | Fijivirus fijiense |
Fiji disease virus (FDV) is plant virus of the family Spinareoviridae.
Fiji disease virus is named after the country in which it was originally observed. The earliest recording of FDV is from 1886 in a commercial farming spread of infection. By 1906, FDV had spread throughout the islands in the Pacific Ocean, posing a major threat to the sugar industry in the region. A major outbreak occurred in the 1950s when two varieties of sugar cane were planted that presented a high susceptibility to the virus. Although it was not discovered in New Guinea until 1914, it is considered to be the original location of FDV. FDV was most likely present in much of the Oceania region including Australia and the Philippines before its discovery in 1886.
The virus is between 65 and 70 nm in diameter. FDV is not enveloped but has a nucleocapsid. The capsid has two layers and is icosahedral. The two known cell surface proteins are A type and B type spikes. The capsid appears round.