1st federal electoral district of Oaxaca
Federal electoral district of Mexico
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The 1st federal electoral district of Oaxaca (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 01 de Oaxaca) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 10 such districts in the state of Oaxaca.[2]
| Oaxaca's 1st | |
|---|---|
Chamber of Deputies of Mexico | |
.png) 1st district | |
| Incumbent | |
| Member | Miriam Vázquez Ruiz |
| Party | ▌Morena |
| Congress | 66th (2024–2027) |
| District | |
| State | Oaxaca |
| Head town | San Juan Bautista Tuxtepec |
| Coordinates | 18°06′N 96°07′W |
| Covers | 17 municipalities[1] |
| PR region | Third |
| Precincts | 257 |
| Population | 435,146 (2020 Census) |
| Indigenous | Yes (62%) |
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It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative period by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the third region.[3][4]
The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Miriam de los Ángeles Vázquez Ruiz. Originally elected for the Labour Party (PT), on 19 September 2024 she announced she was joining the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).[5][6][7]
District territory
Under the 2023 districting plan adopted by the National Electoral Institute (INE), which is to be used for the 2024, 2027 and 2030 federal elections,[8] the 1st district comprises 257 precincts (secciones electorales) across 17 of the state's municipalities in the Papaloapan region.[9][1][a]
The head town (cabecera distrital), where results from individual polling stations are gathered together and tallied, is the city of San Juan Bautista Tuxtepec. The district reported a population of 435,146 in the 2020 Census and, with Indigenous and Afrodescendent inhabitants accounting for over 62% of that total, it is classified by the INE as an indigenous district.[2][1][b]
Previous districting schemes
| 1974 | 1978 | 1996 | 2005 | 2017 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oaxaca | 9 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 |
| Chamber of Deputies | 196 | 300 | ||||
| Sources: [2][12][13][14] | ||||||
- 2017–2022
- Oaxaca's 11th district was dissolved in the 2017 redistricting process. Under the 2017 to 2022 scheme, the 1st district had its head town at San Juan Bautista Tuxtepec and it covered 11 municipalities.[14][15]
- 2005–2017
- In 2005–2017, the district's head town was at San Juan Bautista Tuxtepec and it comprised 11 municipalities.[16][17]
- 1996–2005
- Between 1996 and 2017, Oaxaca's seat allocation was increased to 11. Under the 1996 districting plan, the 1st district's head town was at San Juan Bautista Tuxtepec and it comprised 10 municipalities.[18][17]
- 1978–1996
- The districting scheme in force from 1978 to 1996 was the result of the 1977 electoral reforms, which increased the number of single-member seats in the Chamber of Deputies from 196 to 300. Under that plan, Oaxaca's seat allocation rose from nine to ten.[12] The 1st district had its head town at Juchitán de Zaragoza on the Pacific coast of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec.[19]
Deputies returned to Congress
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Presidential elections
| Election | District won by | Party or coalition | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2018[41] | Andrés Manuel López Obrador |    Juntos Haremos Historia |
61.6587 |
| 2024[42] | Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo |  Sigamos Haciendo Historia |
77.3132 |
Notes
- The INE deems any local or federal electoral district where Indigenous or Afrodescendent inhabitants number 40% or more of the total population to be an indigenous district. In the 2023 scheme, Oaxaca's 10 federal districts and 25 local districts are all indigenous.[2]
- Pérez Magaña resigned his seat on 23 November 2004 and was replaced by his alternate, Zanatta Gasperín.
- Pérez Magaña took two leaves of absence during his term and was replaced for the duration by his alternate, Avilés Álvarez.