Foreign relations of Thailand

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The foreign relations of Thailand are handled by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Thailand.

Thailand participates fully in international and regional organizations. It has developed close ties with other ASEAN members—Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Brunei, Laos, and Vietnam—whose foreign and economic ministers hold annual meetings. Regional cooperation is progressing in economic, trade, banking, political, and cultural matters. In 2003, Thailand served as APEC host. Dr. Supachai Panitchpakdi, the former Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand, served as Secretary-General of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) from 2005 until 31 August 2015. In 2005 Thailand attended the inaugural East Asia Summit.

Since the military coup of May 2014, Thailand's global reputation has plunged, according to Professor Thitinan Pongsudhirak of Chulalongkorn University. He maintains that, "When the fourth anniversary of Thailand's coup comes to pass later this month [May 2018], Thailand's foreign relations will be one of the many costs to be counted from the military government....Instead of moving ahead in its relations with the outside world, Thailand has regressed to a standstill.[1]

Disputes

Parts of the border with Laos are undefined. A maritime boundary dispute with Vietnam was resolved, August 1997. Parts of maritime border with Cambodia are disputed.[2] Sporadic conflict with Myanmar over alignment of border.[3]

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Thailand maintains diplomatic relations with:

More information #, Country ...
# Country Date
1 United Kingdom 18 April 1855[4]
2 France 15 August 1856[4]
3 Denmark 21 May 1858[4]
4 Portugal 10 February 1859[4]
5 Netherlands 17 December 1860[4]
6 Sweden 18 May 1868[4]
7 Italy 3 October 1868[4]
8 Spain 23 February 1870[4]
9 United States 23 October 1882[5]
10 Belgium 21 July 1883[4]
11 Japan 26 September 1887[6]
12 Russia 3 July 1897[4]
13 Norway 30 November 1905[4]
14  Switzerland 28 May 1931[4]
15 India 1 August 1947[7]
16 Myanmar 24 August 1948[8]
17 Philippines 14 June 1949[9]
18 Indonesia 7 March 1950[10]
19 Cambodia 19 December 1950[11]
20 Laos 19 December 1950[12]
21 Pakistan 10 October 1951[4]
22 Germany 28 May 1952[13]
23 Australia 19 December 1952[14]
24 Afghanistan 23 April 1953[15]
25 Austria 2 July 1953[16]
26 Finland 17 June 1954[4]
27 Israel 23 June 1954[17]
28 Egypt 27 September 1954[18]
29 Serbia 12 November 1954[19]
30 Argentina 2 February 1955[20]
31 Iran 9 November 1955[18]
32 Sri Lanka 20 November 1955[21]
33 Syria 10 January 1956[22]
34 New Zealand 26 March 1956[14]
35 Iraq 24 May 1956[23]
36 Guatemala 7 March 1957[24]
37 Malaysia 31 August 1957[25]
38 Saudi Arabia 1 October 1957[18]
39 Lebanon 3 February 1958[26]
40 Turkey 12 May 1958[4]
41 Cuba 19 May 1958[27]
42 Greece 26 May 1958[4]
43 South Korea 1 October 1958[28]
44 Brazil 17 April 1959[29]
45 Luxembourg 16 June 1959[4]
46   Nepal 30 November 1959[30]
47 Canada 8 November 1961[31]
48 Chile 9 October 1962[32]
49 Nigeria 1 November 1962[33]
50 Paraguay 17 December 1962[34]
51 Bolivia 1 February 1963[35]
52 Kuwait 14 June 1963[18]
53 Ethiopia 10 April 1964[36]
54 Cameroon 20 July 1965[37]
55 Singapore 20 September 1965[38]
56 Peru 10 November 1965[39]
57 Ivory Coast 30 June 1966[40]
58 Jordan 10 November 1966[41]
59 Liberia 2 February 1967[42]
60 Tunisia 2 February 1967[43]
61 Kenya 25 July 1967[44]
62 Dominican Republic 18 September 1969[45]
63 Democratic Republic of the Congo 14 February 1969[46]
— Holy See 26 April 1969[4]
64 Bangladesh 5 October 1972[15]
65 Poland 14 November 1972[4]
66 Fiji 15 December 1972[14]
67 Romania 1 June 1973[4]
68 Hungary 24 October 1973[4]
69 Costa Rica 14 December 1973[47]
70 Mongolia 5 March 1974[48]
71 Czech Republic 15 March 1974[4]
72 Bulgaria 10 August 1974[4]
73 Ireland 27 January 1975[4]
74 North Korea 8 May 1975[49]
75 Iceland 18 June 1975[4]
76 China 1 July 1975[50]
77 Mexico 28 August 1975[51]
78 Nicaragua 24 November 1975[52]
79 Algeria 6 December 1975[53]
80 United Arab Emirates 12 December 1975[54]
81 Gabon 1 April 1976[55]
82 Papua New Guinea 19 May 1976[14]
83 Uruguay 15 June 1976[56]
84 Vietnam 6 August 1976[57]
85 Mauritania 24 August 1976[58]
86 Bahrain 17 January 1977[18]
87 Libya 16 March 1977[59]
88 Grenada 16 May 1977[60]
89 Samoa 15 November 1978[61]
90 Colombia 20 January 1979[62]
91 Mauritius 22 January 1979[18]
92 Maldives 21 June 1979[63]
93 Ecuador 15 January 1980[60]
94 Cyprus 5 May 1980[4]
95 Oman 30 July 1980[64]
96 Qatar 7 August 1980[65]
97 Senegal 9 August 1980[66]
98 Benin 5 October 1980[67]
99 Tanzania 30 December 1980[60]
100 Mali 15 September 1981[68]
101 Sudan 15 June 1982[69]
102 Niger 30 July 1982[60]
103 Panama 20 August 1982[60]
104 Venezuela 27 August 1982[70]
105 Vanuatu 21 September 1982[14]
106 Albania 30 September 1982[4]
107 Sierra Leone 24 December 1982[60]
108 Yemen 5 April 1983[71]
109 Guinea 15 April 1983[72]
110 Guinea-Bissau 6 December 1983[60]
111 Brunei 1 January 1984[73]
— Sovereign Military Order of Malta 4 September 1984[4]
112 Jamaica 10 September 1984[74]
113 Somalia 1 November 1984[75]
114 Malta 17 December 1984[4]
115 Gambia 15 February 1985[76]
116 Uganda 15 February 1985[77]
117 Zimbabwe 4 April 1985[18]
118 Burkina Faso 12 July 1985[78]
119 Morocco 4 October 1985[60]
120 Ghana 25 October 1985[79]
121 Botswana 29 November 1985[18]
122 Honduras 16 December 1985[80]
123 Trinidad and Tobago 22 January 1986[81]
124 Djibouti 1 April 1986[82]
125 Solomon Islands 2 May 1986[14]
126 Togo 7 May 1986[83]
127 Comoros 15 July 1986[60]
128 Haiti 30 October 1986[60]
129 Cape Verde 2 December 1986
130 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 9 December 1986[60]
131 Saint Kitts and Nevis 16 January 1987[60]
132 Suriname 24 February 1987[60]
133 São Tomé and Príncipe 7 May 1987[84]
134 Malawi 1 June 1987[18]
135 El Salvador 24 September 1987[85]
136 Central African Republic 30 October 1987[86]
137 Rwanda 30 October 1987[87]
138 Zambia 9 November 1987[18]
139 Guyana 17 December 1987[60]
140 Seychelles 19 July 1988[60]
141 Burundi 20 July 1988[88]
142 Republic of the Congo 25 August 1988[89]
143 Barbados 22 November 1988[60]
144 Saint Lucia 4 April 1989[60]
145 Lesotho 17 April 1989[18]
146 Mozambique 19 April 1989[90]
147 Bhutan 14 November 1989[15]
148 Chad 28 September 1990
149 Namibia 6 November 1990[18]
150 Madagascar 30 November 1990[18]
151 Eswatini 17 January 1991[18]
152 Equatorial Guinea 15 February 1991[91]
153 Latvia 19 March 1992[4]
154 Federated States of Micronesia 20 March 1992[14]
155 Estonia 27 April 1992[4]
156 Ukraine 6 May 1992[4]
157 Uzbekistan 6 May 1992[18]
158 Kazakhstan 6 July 1992[18]
159 Turkmenistan 6 July 1992[18]
160 Armenia 7 July 1992[4]
161 Azerbaijan 7 July 1992[4]
162 Belarus 21 July 1992[4]
163 Georgia 21 July 1992[4]
164 Moldova 5 August 1992[4]
165 Tajikistan 5 August 1992[18]
166 Kyrgyzstan 6 August 1992[18]
167 Angola 24 August 1992[18]
168 Croatia 9 September 1992[4]
169 Slovenia 9 September 1992[4]
170 Slovakia 1 January 1993[4]
171 Lithuania 9 April 1993[4]
172 Marshall Islands 29 October 1993[14]
173 Eritrea 7 December 1993[92]
174 South Africa 9 December 1993[18]
175 Tonga 27 January 1994[14]
176 Palau 13 May 1997[14]
177 Liechtenstein 14 August 1997[4]
178 Belize 11 June 1999[93]
179 Bosnia and Herzegovina 14 February 2000[4]
180 Andorra 28 April 2000[4]
181 Timor-Leste 20 May 2002[94]
182 San Marino 12 September 2003[95]
183 Nauru 14 January 2005[14]
184 North Macedonia 25 February 2005[4]
— Cook Islands 24 May 2005[14]
185 Kiribati 29 June 2005[14]
186 Tuvalu 29 August 2005[14]
187 Dominica 25 November 2005[96]
188 Monaco 26 June 2006[4]
189 Antigua and Barbuda 7 July 2006[97]
190 Montenegro 6 June 2007[4]
— State of Palestine 1 August 2012[98]
— Niue 27 August 2013[14]
— Kosovo 22 November 2013[4]
191 South Sudan 5 December 2013[99]
192 Bahamas 21 September 2016[60]
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Asia

ASEAN

More information Country, Formal relations began ...
Country Formal relations began Notes
Brunei1 January 1984See Brunei–Thailand relations
Cambodia19 December 1950See Cambodia–Thailand relations
  • Parts of Cambodia's border with Thailand are indefinite, and the maritime boundary with Thailand is not clearly defined. On 5 November 2009 Thailand recalled its ambassador from Cambodia in protest of the Cambodian government's appointment of Thai ex-leader Thaksin Shinawatra as an economic advisor.[102] Thai Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva stated that this was "the first diplomatic retaliation measure" against the appointment.[102] He also said that Cambodia was interfering in Thai internal affairs and as a result bi-lateral co-operation agreements would be reviewed.[102] The Cambodian government has stated that it would refuse any extradition request from Thailand for Thaksin as it considered him to be a victim of political persecution.[102]
  • In the months leading up to the Cambodian decision, troops from both nations had clashed over territory claimed by both countries immediately adjacent to Preah Vihear, an 11th-century Hindu temple, leading to a deterioration in relations.[102] At 20:30 on 5 November Cambodia announced that it was withdrawing its ambassador from Thailand as a retaliatory measure.[103][104] Sok An, a member of the Council of Ministers and Deputy Prime Minister of Cambodia, said that the appointment of Thaksin is a decision internal to Cambodia and that it "conforms to international practice".[104] The mutual withdrawal of ambassadors is the most severe diplomatic action to have occurred between the two countries.[104]
  • Thailand has an embassy in Phnom Penh, while Cambodia has an embassy in Bangkok.
Indonesia7 March 1950[105]See Indonesia–Thailand relations
Laos19 December 1950See Laos–Thailand relations
  • In some respects, Thailand can be seen as a greater threat to Laos's independence than Vietnam because of its closer cultural affinity, its easier access, and its control over the railroad and highway routes to the sea. The Mekong River, which both sides have an interest in making a "river of true peace and friendship" — as their respective prime ministers called for in 1976 – also provides a north–south artery during the rainy season.[110]
  • Thailand has an embassy in Vientiane and a consulate-general in Savannakhet.
  • Laos has an embassy in Bangkok and a consulate-general in Khon Kaen.
Malaysia31 August 1957See Malaysia–Thailand relations
Myanmar24 August 1948See Myanmar–Thailand relations

Myanmar has an embassy in Bangkok and a consulate-general in Chiang Mai. Thailand has an embassy in Yangon.[111][112]

Philippines14 June 1949See Philippines–Thailand relations
  • Thailand is one of the Philippines' major trading partners and one of the Philippines' rice suppliers. Relations continue to be strengthened through talks and agreements on economic, security, and cultural matters including concerns on rice trading, and combatting drugs and human trafficking.
  • Thailand has an embassy in Manila and an honorary consulate in Cebu.[113]
  • The Philippines has an embassy in Bangkok.
  • Both countries are the only Major non-NATO Allies in Southeast Asia.[114][115]
  • Both countries are also members of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, Non-Aligned Movement, Cairns Group and G20 developing nations together with Indonesia.
  • A Treaty of Friendship was signed by both countries on June 14, 1949.[116]
Singapore20 September 1965See Singapore–Thailand relations
Vietnam6 August 1976See Thailand–Vietnam relations
  • Diplomatic relations between the two countries have existed since 1976, and are very friendly both economically and politically nowadays.[118] Yet, relations between the two countries had always been marred by discord, which resulted from bitter rivalry to gain control of the area of what is today Laos and Cambodia.
  • In the 19th century, Thailand (then known as Siam) had fought a series of wars with the Nguyễn dynasty which then ruled over Vietnam over control of Cambodia. This rivalry will only temporarily subside when French colonists stepped in and gradually building an establishment in Southeast Asia, known as French Indochina.
  • During the Vietnam War, Thailand was aligned with South Vietnam and the United States and the U Tapao Air Base was used as a base for USAF aircraft. During the Fall of Saigon in 1975, fleeing South Vietnamese pilots arrived at U Tapao before fleeing to other countries.
  • In 1979, when the Khmer Rouge government in neighbouring Cambodia was toppled, this had raised concerns in Thailand and the Thai government quickly allied itself with the Khmer Rouge, later the CGDK, in fear of Vietnamese expansionism. In fact, Thailand was foremost among the ASEAN, of which it is part of, in opposing the Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia.
  • Cambodian refugees soon stayed at border camps straddling the Thai-Cambodian border, and these camps are often controlled by the Khmer Rouge or the CGDK. In the years that followed, Vietnam launched a series of raids on the camps and Vietnamese troops often penetrated into Thai territory and shelled Thai border villages and towns.
  • Thailand has an embassy in Hanoi and a consulate-general in Ho Chi Minh City.
  • Vietnam has an embassy in Bangkok and a consulate-general in Khon Kaen.
  • Both countries are also members of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation and Non-Aligned Movement.
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Rest of Asia

More information Country, Formal Relations Began ...
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Bahrain17 January 1977
  • Historically, Bahrain and Thailand shared mutual common of historical civilizations developed in both countries.[119]
  • Since the 1990s, Thailand and Bahrain signed a major framework on economic cooperation, thus effectively making them important economic partners.[120] Today, Thailand is a major investor in Bahrain.
  • In March 2019, Bahraini Prime Minister and Prince Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa, during his participation in the Thai Culture and Food Festival held in capital Manama, praised Thailand and expressed wish to promote the relations.[119]
  • Thailand has an embassy in Manama.
  • Bahrain has an embassy in Bangkok.
Bangladesh5 October 1972See Bangladesh–Thailand relations
  • Relations are considered close and cordial and have made strides to improve trade and investment between the two countries. Diplomatic relations were established on 5 October 1972 and Thailand opened its embassy in 1974 followed by Bangladesh setting up their own in Bangkok in the following year. The first visit between the two countries was President Ziaur Rahman's visit to Thailand in 1979 followed by Prime Minister Prem Tinsulanonda in 1983. Other Heads of States like Ershad visited in 1985, 1988 and 1990 and Thaksin Shinawatra in July and December 2002 and January 2004. Thailand is a key country in Bangladesh's "Look East" policy and relations have begun to increase and diversify into different areas.
  • They seek not to intervene in each other's internal matters as shown by their response to the events occurring in their own respective countries in 2006 such as the 2006 Thai coup d'état and 2006–2008 Bangladeshi political crisis. Both have considerable cooperation in summits organised by BIMSTEC and the ASEAN regional forum. Upper class and upper middle class Bangladeshis often go to Thailand for medical treatment and operations that the country's medical infrastructure cannot provide.
Bhutan14 November 1989[121]See Bhutan–Thailand relations
  • Diplomatic relations between both countries have grown stronger over the years.
  • Bhutan and Thailand also promote cooperation in the field of education.[122]
  • Bhutan has an embassy in Bangkok.
China1 July 1975[123]See China–Thailand relations
  • Thailand established diplomatic relations with the PRC on 1 July 1975. It remains as a key regional ally of China, with growing cooperation between both countries.[124][125][126][127][128]
  • For an evaluation of Sino-Siamese relations, see Siamese Inter-State Relations in the Late Nineteenth Century: From An Asian Regional Perspective.[129]
Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region of China)See Hong Kong–Thailand relations
  • Thailand has a consulate-general in Hong Kong.
  • Hong Kong has an Economic and Trade Office in Bangkok.
  • On 27 April 2017, Hong Kong Chief Executive CY Leung met Thai Deputy Prime Minister Somkid Jatusripitak at Government House, Hong Kong. They exchanged views on Hong Kong's free trade agreement negotiations with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations.[130]
India1 August 1947See India–Thailand relations
  • Diplomatic relations between India and Thailand were established in 1947, soon after India gained independence. Thailand maintains three diplomatic posts in India: in Mumbai, in New Delhi, and in Calcutta. India maintains an embassy in Bangkok and a consulate-general in Chiang Mai.
  • The end of the Cold War led to a significant enhancement in the substance and pace of bilateral interactions. Indian Look East policy from 1993 and Thailand's Look West policy since 1996 set the stage for a substantive consolidation of bilateral relations. The past few years since 2001 have witnessed growing warmth, increasing economic and commercial links, exchange of high-level visits on both sides, and the signing of a large number of Agreements leading to a further intensification of relations. Thailand and India are cooperating in various multilateral fora like India's dialogue partnership with ASEAN, the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), and the East Asia Summit, the sub-regional grouping BIMSTEC involving Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Myanmar, Nepal and Bhutan, and trilateral transport linkages with Thailand, Myanmar and India. India is a member of the Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD) initiated by Thailand in 2002 and of the Mekong–Ganga Cooperation (MGC), a group of six countries.
Iran9 November 1955See Iran–Thailand relations
Israel23 June 1954[17]See Israel–Thailand relations

Israel and Thailand have had official relations since June 1954. The Israeli embassy in Bangkok was established in 1958.[132] Since 1996, Thailand has had an embassy in Tel Aviv.[133] After the floods in 2011, Israel sent water management experts to Thailand. Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol is involved in advancing scientific cooperation between the two countries. The Thai ambassador to Israel is Jukr Boon-Long.[134]

Japan26 September 1887See Japan–Thailand relations
Abhisit with Japanese Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama, 8 November 2009, Tokyo
  • Japan has become a key trading partner and foreign investor for Thailand. Japan is Thailand's largest supplier, followed by the United States. Since 2005, the rapid ramp-up in export of automobiles of Japanese makes (esp. Toyota, Nissan, Isuzu) has helped to dramatically improve the trade balance, with over 1 million cars produced last year. As such, Thailand has joined the ranks of the world's top ten automobile exporting nations. In 2007, a Japan–Thailand Economic Partnership Agreement was signed, aiming at free trade between the two countries after a transition period of 10 years.
  • Thailand has an embassy in Tokyo and consulates-general in Osaka and Fukuoka.
  • Japan has an embassy in Bangkok and a consulate-general in Chiang Mai.
North Korea8 May 1975See North Korea–Thailand relations
South Korea1 October 1958See South Korea–Thailand relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 October 1958. The year 2008 is the 50th year of bilateral relations with two nations. During the Korean War, Thailand was the second nation sending troops for supporting South Korea just after the United States. In October 2003, South Korea president Roh Moo-hyun visited Thailand while Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra went to Seoul in November 2005.[136] South Korean is the 10th largest trade partner, which is about to reach the scale of 10 billion dollars.[137]
  • Thailand has an embassy in Seoul
  • South Korea has an embassy in Bangkok.
Oman30 July 1980See Oman–Thailand relations
  • Oman and Thailand would soon establish relations with the ascend of Qaboos bin Said al Said as Sultan of Oman in 1980.
  • Thailand is one of the most popular tourist destinations for Omanis outside the Gulf states, especially medical tourism.[138]
  • Thailand has an embassy in Muscat.[139]
  • Oman has an embassy in Bangkok.[140]
Pakistan10 October 1951See Pakistan–Thailand relations
Palestine1 August 2012See Palestine–Thailand relations
  • Thailand officially recognized the State of Palestine as an independent state on 18 January 2012.[142]
  • Palestine has a non-resident embassy in Kuala Lumpur.
  • In 2016, Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas visited Thailand and met with then Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha.[143]
Qatar7 August 1980See Qatar–Thailand relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1980. Their cooperation mainly revolves around tourism and energy.[144]
  • According to the Thailand Labour Ministry, in 2017 there were 1,188 Thai citizens working in Qatar, and were mainly concentrated in the massage services industry and the construction industry.[145]
  • Thailand has an embassy in Doha.
  • Qatar has an embassy in Bangkok.
Saudi Arabia1 October 1957See Saudi Arabia–Thailand relations
  • Relations Saudi Arabia and Thailand were established in 1957 and hundreds of thousands of Thais went to Saudi Arabia to work.[146] However, relations have been severely strained for the past 20 years due to fallout from the Blue Diamond Affair. Diplomatic missions were downgraded to chargé d'affaires level and the number of Thai workers in Saudi Arabia plummeted.[146] Saudi Arabia does not issue working visas for Thais and discourages its citizens from visiting the country.
  • On January 26, 2022, both countries announced they restored full diplomatic relations and would appoint ambassadors.[147]
  • Thailand has an embassy in Riyadh and a consulate-general in Jeddah.
  • Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Bangkok.
TaiwanNo formal diplomatic relationsSee Taiwan–Thailand relations
Turkey12 May 1958See Thailand–Turkey relations
  • Thailand has an embassy in Ankara.[148]
  • Turkey has an embassy in Bangkok.[148]
  • Trade volume between the two countries was 1.342 billion USD in 2018 (Thai exports/imports: 1.09/0.256 billion USD).[149]
  • Negotiations on a bilateral Free Trade Agreement (FTA) began in 2017.[148]
  • There are direct flights from Istanbul to Bangkok and Phuket.[148]
United Arab Emirates12 December 1975[54]See Thailand–United Arab Emirates relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 December 1975.
  • Thailand has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general in Dubai.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy in Bangkok.
Close

Americas

More information Country, Formal Relations Began ...
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Belize11 June 1999

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 June 1999.[150]

Brazil17 April 1959
Further information: Brazil–Thailand relations
Canada8 November 1961
Further information: Canada-Thailand relations
Colombia20 April 1979
Mexico28 August 1975
Main article: Mexico–Thailand relations
Peru10 November 1965
Main article: Peru–Thailand relations

In 2009, Thailand and Peru signed a free trade agreement calling for elimination of tariffs on 70% of 5,000 items listed in the agreement. Thailand imports tin and fish from Peru. Peru imports auto parts, electrical appliances, and clothes from Thailand.[158]

United States20 March 1833
Main article: Thailand–United States relations
Pimpen Vejjajiva, Michelle Obama, Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva and U.S. President Barack Obama on 23 September 2009, in New York

Thailand has had relations with the United States since 1833. In 2003, the United States designated Thailand as a major non-NATO ally, which grants Thailand many financial and military benefits derived from the United States.

Close

Europe

More information Country, Formal Relations Began ...
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Armenia7 July 1992
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 July 1992 by protocol.[163]
  • Armenia has an honorary consulate in Bangkok.[164]
  • Thailand is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow, Russia and through hononary consulate in Yerevan.[165]
Austria
  • Austria has an embassy in Bangkok.
  • Thailand has an embassy in Vienna.
Azerbaijan 7 July 1992
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 July 1992.[166]
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Bangkok. Thailand uses its embassy in Ankara, Turkey, to be responsible for Thai-Azerbaijani relations.[166]
  • Thailand has an honorary consulate in Baku.
Bulgaria10 August 1974
Croatia9 September 1992
Cyprus5 May 1980
Denmark21 May 1858See Denmark–Thailand relations
  • Denmark is represented in Thailand through its embassy in Bangkok and an honorary consulate in Phuket.
  • Thailand is represented in Denmark through its embassy in Copenhagen.
Estonia22 October 1921 See Foreign relations of Estonia
  • Thailand (then Siam) first recognised Estonia on 22 October 1921.[174]
  • Both countries re-established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1992.
  • Estonia is represented in Thailand through its consulates in Bangkok and Phuket.[175]
  • Thailand is represented in Estonia through its embassy in Helsinki, Finland.
Finland
Royal Thai Embassy in Helsinki flying the Asean flag as well as own national flag.
France15 August 1856See France–Thailand relations
Germany7 February 1862 See Germany–Thailand relations
Flags of Thailand, Germany and Bavaria for the visit of prime minister Yingluck Shinawatra in Munich 2012
Greece26 May 1958
Hungary24 October 1973
 Kosovo 22 November 2013 See Kosovo–Thailand relations
  • Thailand recognised the Republic of Kosovo as independence state on 24 September 2013.[188][189]
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 November 2013.
  • Kosovo has an embassy in Bangkok.
Netherlands1604 See Netherlands–Thailand relations
Poland
  • Poland has an embassy in Bangkok.
  • Thailand has an embassy in Warsaw.
Portugal10 February 1859 See Portugal-Thailand relations
Romania1 June 1973
Russia See Thailand-Russia relations
President Putin with former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra before the start of the APEC Summit in 2003

The Soviet Union and Thailand established diplomatic relations with each other on 12 March 1941; Thailand recognised Russian Federation as the successor to Soviet Union on 28 December 1991. Russia has an embassy in Bangkok and two honorary consulates in Phuket and Pattaya. Thailand has an embassy in Moscow and two honorary consulates in Saint Petersburg and Vladivostok.

Spain23 February 1870 See Spain-Thailand relations
Sweden18 May 1868
Flags of Sweden and Thailand
Ukraine6 May 1992 See Thailand–Ukraine relations
  • Thailand is represented in Ukraine through its consulate in Kyiv.[199]
  • Ukraine has an embassy in Bangkok and an honorary consulate in Pattaya.[200]
United Kingdom18 April 1855 See Thailand–United Kingdom relations

After Burma lost the First Anglo-Burmese War (1824–26) relations opened between the Rattanakosin Kingdom of Siam and the United Kingdom with a treaty of alliance in February 1826 and another treaty in June negotiated by East India Company emissary Henry Burney. This was followed by the Bowring Treaty of 1855 to liberalise trade. In 1893, Lord Lansdowne of the British Raj finalized the border between Burma and Siam; the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909 then dissected the northern Malay states.

  • In 1917 the modern Siamese kingdom declared war on Germany during World War I, which secured it a seat at the Versailles Peace Conference. Foreign Minister Devawongse Varopakarn used this as an opportunity to argue for the repeal of the 19th century treaties and restoration of full Siamese sovereignty. While Britain and France delayed until 1925, the United States obliged in 1920. Following the outbreak of World War II, relations with Britain, France and the United States deteriorated rapidly – though former Queen Rambai Barni was nominal head of the Seri Thai resistance movement in Great Britain. Japan allowed Thailand to resume sovereignty over the sultanates of northern Malaya that had been lost in the 1909 treaty with Britain, and to invade and annex the Shan States in northern Burma. After the Japanese surrender, Allied military responsibility for Thailand fell to the British, who favoured treating the kingdom as a defeated enemy. Americans, however, supported Thailand's new government; during the Cold War relations with the United Kingdom took a back seat to those with the United States.
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Oceania

More information Country, Formal Relations Began ...
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Australia
Main article: Australia–Thailand relations
New Zealand
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See also

References

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