| Consonants |
|---|
| IPA |
Examples |
English approximation |
| Native |
| b |
Beelerⓘ [ˈbeːlɐ][1] |
ball |
| ɕ |
Eechenⓘ [ˈeːɕən], beweeglechⓘ [bəˈveːɕləɕ][1][2] |
she,
but more of a y-like sound |
| d |
deenenⓘ [ˈdeːnən][1] |
done |
| f |
feelenⓘ [feːlən][1] |
fuss |
| ɡ |
gegranztⓘ [ɡəˈgʀɑntst][1] |
guest |
| h |
heelenⓘ [ˈheːlən], doheemⓘ [doˈheːm] |
hut |
| j |
Jemenⓘ [ˈjeːmən], tjaⓘ [tjaː],
Lëtzebuergeschⓘ [ˈlətsəbu̯əjəʃ][3] |
yard |
| k |
Keelenⓘ [ˈkeːlən][1] , sechsⓘ [ˈzæks] |
cold |
| l |
Leetemⓘ [ˈleːtəm], kleesperⓘ [ˈkleːspɐ] |
last |
| m |
meeschtenⓘ [ˈmeːʃtən] |
must |
| n |
oneensⓘ [ˈonˌeːns] |
not |
| ŋ |
dengenⓘ [ˈdeŋən] |
long |
| p |
piipsegⓘ [ˈpiːpsəɕ], obⓘ [op][1] |
puck |
| ʀ |
reenegⓘ [ˈʀeːnəɕ], Comptoir [ˈkõːtwaːʀ][4] |
Northumbrian burr |
| ʁ |
dagsiwwerⓘ [ˈdaːʁsivɐ],[1][2]
Parmesan [ˈpɑʁməzaːn], schaardegⓘ[ˈʃaːʁdəɕ][5] |
| s |
russeschⓘ [ˈʀusəʃ], haislechⓘ [ˈhɑɪ̯sləɕ][1] |
fast |
| ʃ |
Scheedgenⓘ [ˈʃeːtɕən], stréiegⓘ [ˈʃtɜɪ̯əɕ][1][2] |
shall |
| t |
Tëntenⓘ [ˈtəntən], fadⓘ [faːt][1] |
tall |
| ts |
Zënsenⓘ [ˈtsənzən][1] |
cats |
| tʃ |
latschegⓘ [ˈlɑtʃəɕ],[1] d'Stad [tʃtaːt] |
match |
| v |
woubäiⓘ [ˌvəʊ̯ˈbæːɪ̯][1] |
vanish |
| χ |
Kuchenⓘ [ˈkuχən], Dagⓘ [daːχ][1][2] Force [foχs][5] |
Scottish loch |
| z |
Summerⓘ [ˈzumɐ][1] |
hose |
| ʒ |
Juliⓘ [ˈʒuːliː], legendärⓘ [leʒænˈdɛːɐ̯][1][2] |
pleasure |
| Marginal consonants |
| bv |
Kampf opginn [ˈkɑmbv ˈopɡin][6] |
obvious |
| dz |
spadséieren [ʃpɑˈdzɜɪ̯əʀən][1][7] |
heads |
| dʒ |
Jeans [dʒiːns], Dschibutiⓘ [ˈdʒibuti],
Adjektivⓘ [ˈɑdʒæktiːf][1] |
jeans |
| pf |
Pflicht [pfliɕt] |
cupful |
| w |
zweeⓘ [tsweː], queeschⓘ [ˈkweːʃ],
Comptoir [ˈkõːtwaːʀ][8] |
we |
| ʑ |
déijéinegⓘ [ˈdɜɪ̯ʑɜɪ̯nəɕ], reegelrechtⓘ [ˈʀeːʑəlˌʀæɕt][1][2] |
measure,
but more of a y-like sound |
|
| Vowels |
|---|
| IPA |
Examples |
English approximation |
| Monophthongs |
| ɑ |
haftegⓘ [ˈhɑftəɕ], Kachⓘ [kɑχ] |
art |
| aː |
Haasselⓘ [ˈhaːsəl], Kapⓘ [kaːp] |
Australian bad |
| æ |
Helzenⓘ [ˈhæltsən], engⓘ [æŋ], Häffⓘ [hæf] |
back |
| ə |
Hëlzerⓘ [ˈhəltsɐ], Drogen [ˈdʀoːɡən],
Köln [ˈkəln], Böcker [ˈbəkɐ][9] |
roughly like hurt |
| e |
Bréckenⓘ [ˈbʀekən], néngⓘ [neŋ], Etienne [eˈtjæn][9] |
let |
| eː |
heefegⓘ [ˈheːfəɕ], Keeserⓘ [ˈkeːzɐ] |
Scottish pays |
| ɛː |
ärⓘ [ɛːɐ̯],[10] nämlech [ˈnɛːmləɕ] |
bed |
| i |
hiwwelegⓘ [ˈhivələɕ] |
tip |
| iː |
siwenⓘ [ˈziːvən], hellliichtⓘ [ˈhæliːɕt] |
be |
| o |
Holztemⓘ [holtstəm] |
off |
| oː |
Sproochⓘ [ʃpʀoːχ], noⓘ [noː] |
story |
| u |
huschⓘ [huʃ] |
pull |
| uː |
Tut [tuːt], kuuschtegⓘ [ˈkuːʃtəɕ] |
pool |
| Non-native monophthongs |
| ɑ̃ː |
Chance [ʃɑ̃ːs] |
French vin blanc |
| ɛ̃ː |
Dinde [dɛ̃ːt] |
French vin blanc |
| õː |
Comptoir [ˈkõːtwaːʀ] |
French Mont Blanc |
| œː |
Interieur [ˈɛ̃ːtəʀiœːʀ], flirten [ˈflœːtən][9] |
roughly like herd |
| øː |
Blöd [bløːt] |
| y |
üppegⓘ [ˈypəɕ] |
roughly like shoe, but shorter |
| yː |
weltberüümtⓘ [ˌvæltbəˈʀyːmt] |
roughly like shoe |
| Diphthongs |
| ɑɪ̯ |
haitegⓘ [ˈhɑɪ̯təɕ], deierⓘ [ˈdɑɪ̯ɐ] |
price |
| ɑʊ̯ |
Schraufⓘ [ˈʃʀɑʊ̯f] |
mouth |
| æːɪ̯ |
räichⓘ [ʀæːɪ̯ɕ] |
England and Wales share yachts |
| æːʊ̯ |
rauⓘ [ʀæːʊ̯] |
England and Wales share walls |
| ɜɪ̯ |
eréischtⓘ [əʀˈɜɪ̯ʃt], béidⓘ [ˈbɜɪ̯t] |
a yacht |
| əʊ̯ |
houerⓘ [ˈhəʊ̯ɐ], doudvollⓘ [ˈdəʊ̯tfol] |
goat |
| ɛːɐ̯ |
ärⓘ [ɛːɐ̯][5] |
traditional RP square |
| i̯ə |
Hielemⓘ [ˈhi̯ələm], Biergemⓘ [ˈbi̯əʑəm][11] |
traditional RP near |
| iːɐ̯ |
wier [viːɐ̯], dirⓘ [diːɐ̯][5][11] |
see other |
| oːɐ̯ |
alljoersⓘ [ɑlˈjoːɐ̯s][5] |
Scottish no other |
| u̯ə |
huelⓘ [hu̯əl], Lëtzebuergⓘ [ˈlətsəbu̯əɕ][11] |
traditional RP tour |
| uːɐ̯ |
kuerz [kuːɐ̯ts][5][11] |
too upbeat |
| Non-native diphthongs |
| oɪ̯ |
Euro [ˈoɪ̯ʀoː] |
boy |
| øːɐ̯ |
Röhr [ʀøːɐ̯] |
roughly like herd |
| yːɐ̯ |
Lürmann [ˈlyːɐ̯mɑn] |
roughly like you utter |
| Reduced vowels |
| ɐ |
sauerⓘ [ˈsɑʊ̯ɐ][5] |
nut or sofa |
|
| Suprasegmentals |
| IPA | Examples | Explanation |
| ˈ |
Kugel [ˈkuːʁəl] |
primary stress, as in
dearest /ˈdɪərəst/ |
| ˌ |
Méckebaatsch [ˈmekəˌbaːtʃ] |
secondary stress, as in
commandeer /ˌkɒmənˈdɪər/ |
|
