Help:IPA/Norwegian

The chart below shows how the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Norwegian language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Norwegian on Wikipedia.

It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Norwegian in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first.

For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.

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The accent that has been used here as a model is Urban East Norwegian.

See also Norwegian phonology and Norwegian orthography § Sound to spelling correspondences for more details about pronunciation of Norwegian.

More information Consonants, IPA ...

Consonants
IPA	Examples	Nearest English equivalent
b	beboer, stab, dobbel^ⓘ	stab
ç	Kyrkjebø, bikkje, Kielland, tjuv^ⓘ, Reichelt	hue
d	dåd, verden^ⓘ, daddel^ⓘ, Lindhe	deed, but dental
ɖ	gardin^ⓘ	Indian day
f	fot, løfte^ⓘ, siffer^ⓘ, trivsel, lavt, Voss (surname), Philip, Wleügel	foot
ɡ	genial^ⓘ, lag^ⓘ, ligge^ⓘ, Krogh	get
h	hatt, mehe	hat
j	jojo, hjelpe^ⓘ, Djupedal, ljå, gjorde, geit^ⓘ, Morgenstierne, Hiorth, Giæver, Youngstorget	yoyo
k	kald^ⓘ, bøk^ⓘ, Skøyen, bakker^ⓘ, Dagsrevyen, Ingebrigtsen, Wright, Joacim, Rebecca, Schanche, Eckbo, Bachke, Qvam, khanti	cold
l	farlig^ⓘ, dårlig^ⓘ, perle^ⓘ, Sturla, land^ⓘ, smelte^ⓘ, Hordaland, smålig, veldig, vell, melde^[1]^[2]	lack
l̩	bibel^ⓘ	little, but without velarization; German Esel
ɫ	salig, tålig, falsk^ⓘ, stolt^ⓘ, oldemor, kalle, bolle, kalde, holde, skålde^[1]^[2]	pull
m	maksimum^ⓘ, hummer^ⓘ	maximum
n	måneskinn^ⓘ, Lindhe, Bonde, bonde, Lundh	night, but dental
n̩	sytten^ⓘ	chosen, but dental
ɳ	barnebarn^ⓘ	night, but retroflex
ɳ̍	verten, slitasjen, Kristoffersen	chosen, but retroflex
ŋ	signal^ⓘ, signing, mange, mangan, tenke, annonse, Engh	sing
p	par, kjøp^ⓘ, spade, suppe^ⓘ, observere^ⓘ, Ibsen, Siebke, Jakob	pair
r	radar^ⓘ, korde, purre^ⓘ, jord^ⓘ, Rhinen, Hroar	GA atom
ɽ	tæl, Bjørn Dæhlie, Vål’enga^ⓘ^[3]	GA atom, but retroflex
s	sabel, klasse^ⓘ, cøliaki, enzym, xylofon, Rushfeldt, Schweigaard	sabre
ʂ	sjø, skjerf, skøyte, slott^ⓘ, nysgjerrig^ⓘ, Skiaker, geni, journal^ⓘ, Schønberg, Schjerven, Schiøtz, Shetelig, attaché, Nationaltheatret, crescendo, mars, marsj	shoe, but retroflex
t	torsdag, åtte^ⓘ, Steinfeld, Vadsø, Huitfeldt, Width, Thor	turn, but dental
ʈ	parti^ⓘ, Mordt, Barth	Indian turn
v	vaktel^ⓘ, Voss (place name), liv, hvit^ⓘ, Wergeland, Treschow, Whist, Nyquist, Huitfeldt, Håvve	vat
Non-native consonants
ʈʂ^[4]	rutsjebane, tsjekker, Tschudi, Tetzschner, Archer, boccia	challenge, but retroflex
Other symbols
◌ː	sommer [ˈsɔ̂mːər]^[5]	roommate

Stress and tone
IPA	Examples	Explanation
ˈ◌̀	bønder [ˈbœ̀nːər]	Low tone / tone 1 / acute accent^[6]
ˈ◌̂	bønner [ˈbœ̂nːər]	Falling tone / tone 2 / grave accent^[6]
ˌ◌	skoleelev [ˈskûːləɛˌleːv]	Secondary stress

Vowels
IPA	Examples	Nearest English equivalent
Monophthongs
ɑ	hagle, pensjonist^ⓘ, VitaePro, Dahm, Isaachsen	art
ɑː	hale^ⓘ, kvae, Bae, Praëm, Dahl, Raabe	spa
æ	kjerring^ⓘ, herse, verden, færre, æsj, Märtha, curriculum vitae, krasj^ⓘ, Gehrken	trap
æː	trær ("trees"), tæl, ærlig^ⓘ, tærne, her, perle, kjerning^ⓘ, gjerde, Bjørn Dæhlie	Australian mad
ɛ	egne ("bait" vb.), regler ("rhymes" n.), hesje, skjell^ⓘ, Hoëm, ætt, Baekken, back, Lehmkuhl	set
eː	egne ("own" adj. pl.), treg, regler ("rules" n.), manesje, mer, sel, skje^ⓘ, mehe, allé, trær ("thread(s)" vb.), gælisk, Schaefer, Kathe, Skien, Scheen, Beer, Sehested, Mehren, Reeh, Dæhlin	Scottish save
ɪ	skille^ⓘ, Dagny, hockey, Heftye, Grieg	hill
iː	skive^ⓘ, Bie, Rieber, de^ⓘ, peanøtt, team, Riise, Pihl	need
ɔ	skjold^ⓘ, slåss^ⓘ, Slaatsveen, Fougner, Åhlander, Aubert^[7]	off
oː	slå^ⓘ, våg, skrog, òg, Aass, Raaen, Linaae, Staahlen, gåen, Dåe, Låås, Ståhl, Krohg, Maud^[7]	story
œ	Søgne, øgle, skjønne^ⓘ, sytten, Øhlckers, Loennechen, pasteurisere^[7]	roughly like bet, but with rounded lips; German Schlösser
øː	sjø^ⓘ, kløe, Røe, Løøv, Køhn, Köhn, Schroeter, Schreuder^[7]	roughly like Scottish save, but with rounded lips; German böse
ʊ	loff, skuffe ("shovel"), Johnson, Voigt, journal^ⓘ^[7]	put, German Nuss
uː	skog^ⓘ, Hoem, Hoel, Floor, Rumohr, fôr^ⓘ, glamour^[7]	fool, German Fuß
ʉ	skuffe^ⓘ ("disappoint"), Matteus, debutant, Suhrke, outrert^[7]^[8]	goose (some dialects^[9]); German müssen
ʉː	sju^ⓘ, Thue, Juell, Juul, Juhl, Juuhl, ajourføre^ⓘ^[7]^[8]	choose (some dialects^[9]); German Grüße
ʏ	skydd^ⓘ, gründer, Duborgh, Bruenech, Luytkis^[7]^[8]	roughly like hit, but with rounded lips; Swedish syll
yː	sky^ⓘ, Rye, Bye, Myhre, Grünerløkka, debut^ⓘ, Fiuren, Luihn, Wleügel^[7]^[8]	roughly like leave, but with rounded lips; Swedish syl
Diphthongs
ɑɪ	hai^ⓘ, Faye, Maj, lighter	price
æɪ	egne seg ("be suited"), segne, segl, negl^ⓘ, sei, seine, seil, heis^ⓘ, Heyerdahl, Sejersted, Beijer, Wijdefjorden, Bræin	Australian day
æʉ	sau^ⓘ, Europa, Klouman, Figenschow, Roshauw, Blaauw^[7]	have or GA mountain
ɛɪ	mail^[10]	day
ɔʏ	boikott, Roy, Treu^[7]	boy
œʏ	døgn, øyne, høy^ⓘ, Øivind, Svend Foyn, Preus^[7]	Canadian ice; French feuille
ʉɪ	hui^[7]^[11]	fluid
ɑʊ	Haoko	how
Reduced vowels
ə	krysse^ⓘ	about

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Help:IPA/Norwegian

Notes

References

See also

External links

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