Histidine ammonia-lyase

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Histidine ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.3, histidase, histidinase) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HAL gene.[5][6] It converts histidine into ammonia and urocanic acid. Its systematic name is L-histidine ammonia-lyase (urocanate-forming).

AliasesHAL, HIS, HSTD, histidine ammonia-lyase, Histidine ammonia-lyase
End95,996,365 bp[1]
Quick facts HAL, Identifiers ...
HAL
Identifiers
AliasesHAL, HIS, HSTD, histidine ammonia-lyase, Histidine ammonia-lyase
External IDsOMIM: 609457; MGI: 96010; HomoloGene: 68229; GeneCards: HAL; OMA:HAL - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001258333
NM_001258334
NM_002108

NM_010401

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001245262
NP_001245263
NP_002099

NP_034531

Location (UCSC)Chr 12: 95.97 – 96 MbChr 10: 93.32 – 93.36 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
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Function

Histidine ammonia-lyase is a cytosolic enzyme catalyzing the first reaction in histidine catabolism, the nonoxidative deamination of L-histidine to trans-urocanic acid.[5] The reaction is catalyzed by 3,5-dihydro-5-methyldiene-4H-imidazol-4-one (MIO), an electrophilic cofactor which is formed autocatalytically by cyclization of the protein backbone of the enzyme.[7]

Proposed autocatalytic formation of MIO cofactor in another enzyme, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, from the tripeptide Ala-Ser-Gly by two water elimination steps.

Pathology

Mutations in the gene for histidase are associated with histidinemia and urocanic aciduria.

See also

References

Further reading

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