List of states and union territories of India by fertility rate
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of the states and union territories of India ranked in order of number of children born for each woman.
Recent surveys show that in majority of Indian states, fertility rate has fallen well below the replacement level of 2.1 and the country is fast approaching the replacement level itself.[1] The total fertility rate of India in 2017 stood at 2.2.[2] Due to the large population, poverty and strain on resources, the Indian government initiated population control efforts to decrease birth rate with the current target being at 2.1 children per woman.[3] According to data from National Family Health Survey-5, India's total fertility rate dropped below the replacement level of around 2.1,[4] and currently stands at 1.9.[5]
Indian states by fertility rate (2019-26)
| Rank | State | TFR (Total) | Urban | Rural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sikkim | 1.05 | 0.98 | 1.12 |
| 2 | Ladakh | 1.30 | 1.30 | 1.33 |
| 3 | Goa | 1.32 | 1.28 | 1.41 |
| 4 | Chandigarh | 1.39 | 1.39 | N/A |
| 5 | Lakshadweep | 1.40 | 1.40 | N/A |
| 6 | Jammu & Kashmir | 1.40 | 1.20 | 1.50 |
| 6 | Andaman and Nicobar Islands | 1.48 | 1.20 | 1.50 |
| 7 | Delhi | 1.57 | 1.57 | N/A |
| 8 | West Bengal | 1.60 | 1.40 | 1.80 |
| 9 | Punjab | 1.63 | 1.42 | 1.74 |
| 10 | Maharashtra | 1.68 | 1.44 | 1.89 |
| 11 | Himachal Pradesh | 1.70 | 1.38 | 1.75 |
| 12 | Andhra Pradesh | 1.70 | 1.62 | 1.74 |
| 13 | Karnataka | 1.70 | 1.57 | 1.81 |
| 14 | Nagaland | 1.71 | 1.50 | 1.77 |
| 15 | Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu | 1.73 | 1.70 | 1.76 |
| 16 | Tripura | 1.77 | 1.70 | 1.80 |
| 17 | Kerala | 1.80 | 1.64 | 1.92 |
| 18 | Odisha | 1.80 | 1.54 | 1.88 |
| 19 | Tamil Nadu | 1.80 | 1.65 | 1.91 |
| 20 | Telangana | 1.82 | 1.63 | 1.95 |
| 21 | Manipur | 1.88 | 1.67 | 2.03 |
| 22 | Mizoram | 1.89 | 1.67 | 2.08 |
| 23 | Gujarat | 1.90 | 1.63 | 2.15 |
| 24 | Assam | 1.90 | 1.57 | 2.01 |
| 25 | Rajasthan | 2.00 | 1.73 | 2.10 |
| 26 | Haryana | 2.00 | 1.67 | 2.18 |
| 27 | Arunachal Pradesh | 2.11 | 1.58 | 2.24 |
| 28 | Chhattisgarh | 2.15 | 1.85 | 2.46 |
| 29 | Manipur | 2.17 | 1.85 | 2.29 |
| 30 | Madhya Pradesh | 2.00 | 1.82 | 2.36 |
| 31 | Jharkhand | 2.30 | 1.84 | 2.42 |
| 32 | Uttar Pradesh | 2.35 | 2.01 | 2.47 |
| 33 | Meghalaya | 2.91 | 2.32 | 3.00 |
| 34 | Bihar | 3.00 | 2.25 | 3.19 |
Indian States and UTs fertility rate by Education level
| State | No Schooling | <5 Years Complete | 5-9 Years Complete | 10-11 Years Complete | 12 or More Years Complete |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manipur | 3.23 | 2.47 | 2.46 | 2.12 | 1.89 |
| Mizoram | 2.51 | 2.14 | 2.11 | 1.73 | 1.48 |
| Arunachal Pradesh | 2.54 | 2.13 | 2.13 | 1.72 | 1.49 |
| Tripura | 2.62 | 2.03 | 1.78 | 2.03 | 1.51 |
| Assam | 2.31 | 2.41 | 2.03 | 1.74 | 1.51 |
| Sikkim | 1.18 | 2.04 | 1.36 | 1.31 | 0.92 |
| Meghalaya | 4.48 | 5.07 | 3.02 | 1.88 | 1.67 |
| Himachal Pradesh | 3.32 | 2.57 | 2.13 | 2.01 | 1.63 |
| Uttarakhand | 2.61 | 2.79 | 2.04 | 1.91 | 1.72 |
| Haryana | 3.11 | 2.83 | 2.14 | 1.83 | 1.71 |
| Punjab | 2.47 | 2.52 | 2.03 | 1.92 | 1.54 |
| Rajasthan | 2.79 | 2.48 | 2.13 | 2.04 | 1.68 |
| Delhi (UT) | 2.76 | 3.12 | 2.05 | 1.53 | 1.52 |
| Uttar Pradesh | 3.01 | 2.73 | 2.62 | 2.19 | 2.04 |
| Chhattisgarh | 2.29 | 2.21 | 2.04 | 2.03 | 1.58 |
| Madhya Pradesh | 2.71 | 2.15 | 2.18 | 1.72 | 1.65 |
| Gujarat | 2.81 | 2.24 | 2.03 | 1.89 | 1.54 |
| Maharashtra | 2.34 | 2.17 | 2.11 | 1.84 | 1.63 |
| Goa | 1.46 | 0.88 | 2.02 | 1.39 | 1.27 |
| Kerala | 0.43 | 1.83 | 1.78 | 1.91 | 1.87 |
| Tamil Nadu | 1.82 | 1.64 | 1.93 | 1.91 | 2.02 |
| Karnataka | 2.14 | 2.23 | 1.91 | 1.82 | 1.77 |
| Telangana | 2.12 | 1.93 | 1.91 | 1.91 | 2.01 |
| Andhra Pradesh | 1.82 | 1.92 | 2.02 | 1.94 | 1.91 |
| Jharkhand | 2.83 | 2.81 | 2.28 | 2.21 | 1.87 |
| Bihar | 3.83 | 3.47 | 3.01 | 2.41 | 2.17 |
| West Bengal | 2.19 | 1.91 | 1.91 | 1.71 | 1.42 |
| Odisha | 2.42 | 2.14 | 1.92 | 1.87 | 1.67 |
Fertility Rate by Religious Adherence across States and UTs
The following table highlights the fertility rates across various religions and states/union territories in India, based on available data from 2019.
| State/UT | Hindu Women | Christian Women | Muslim Women | Sikh Women | Jain Women | Buddhist/Neo-Buddhist Women | Other Religions Women |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andhra Pradesh | 1.69 | 1.89 | 2.17 | - | - | - | - |
| Arunachal Pradesh | 1.71 | 2.01 | 1.72 | - | - | 1.58 | - |
| Assam | 1.62 | 1.51 | 2.42 | - | - | - | - |
| Bihar | 2.89 | - | 3.58 | - | - | - | - |
| Chhattisgarh | 1.81 | 2.14 | 1.77 | - | - | - | 2.18 |
| Delhi | 1.63 | - | 2.04 | 0.91 | - | - | - |
| Goa | 1.52 | 1.02 | 1.21 | - | - | - | - |
| Gujarat | 1.85 | 1.91 | 2.13 | - | - | - | - |
| Haryana | 1.84 | - | 3.87 | - | - | - | - |
| Himachal Pradesh | 1.58 | - | 1.63 | 1.73 | - | 1.39 | - |
| Jharkhand | 2.19 | 1.91 | 2.69 | - | - | - | - |
| Karnataka | 1.61 | 1.53 | 2.08 | - | - | - | - |
| Kerala | 1.77 | 1.02 | 2.29 | - | - | - | - |
| Madhya Pradesh | 2.04 | - | 2.43 | - | - | - | - |
| Maharashtra | 1.72 | - | 2.07 | - | - | 1.41 | - |
| Manipur | 1.77 | 2.94 | 2.28 | - | - | - | - |
| Meghalaya | 0.82 | 3.18 | 1.38 | - | - | - | 3.91 |
| Odisha | 1.78 | 2.31 | 1.91 | - | - | - | - |
| Punjab | 1.63 | 1.79 | 2.04 | 1.57 | - | - | - |
| Rajasthan | 2.02 | - | 2.48 | - | - | - | - |
| Tamil Nadu | 1.61 | 1.53 | 2.11 | - | - | - | - |
| Telangana | 1.75 | 1.79 | 2.03 | - | - | - | - |
| Tripura | 1.58 | 2.09 | 2.08 | - | - | - | - |
| Uttar Pradesh | 2.31 | - | 2.72 | 1.18 | - | - | - |
| Uttarakhand | 1.68 | - | 2.49 | - | - | - | - |
| West Bengal | 1.52 | 1.02 | 2.04 | - | - | - | - |
Total Fertility Rate in India by Region
| Region | 1951-1961 | 1961-1971 | 1971-1981 | 1981-1991 | NFHS-1 (1992-93) | NFHS-2 (1998-99) | NFHS-3 (2005-06) | NFHS-4 (2015-16) | NFHS-5 (2019-21) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| North India (average) | 6.03  | 5.80 | 5.20 | 3.73 | 3.68 | 3.28 | 2.90 | 2.23 | 2.00 |
| South India (average) | 5.74 | 5.08 | 4.00 | 3.03 | 2.69 | 2.29 | 1.98 | 1.79 | 1.83  |
| West India (average) | 5.85 | 5.53 | 4.58 | 3.30 | 3.18 | 2.67 | 2.27 | 1.96 | 1.81 |
| East India (average) | 6.07 | 5.85 | 3.60 | 3.68 | 3.13 | 2.92 | 2.42 | 2.05 | |
| Central India (average) | 6.20 | 6.00 | 5.70 | 4.07 | 4.18 | 3.52 | 3.05 | 2.72 | 2.10 |
| Northeast India (average) | 5.82 | 5.63 | 5.12 | 4.00 | 3.46 | 3.09 | 2.96 | 2.34 | 2.15 |
Urban and Rural Fertility Rates in India by State/UT (NFHS-5, 2019-21)
Fertility Rates in Urban and Rural Areas of Indian States and Union Territories According to NFHS-5.
Source: National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), 2019-21. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.
| State/UT | Total | Urban | Rural |
|---|---|---|---|
| Andaman & Nicobar Islands | 1.48 | 1.36 | 1.6 |
| Andhra Pradesh | 1.70 | 1.62 | 1.74 |
| Arunachal Pradesh | 2.11 | 1.58 | 2.24 |
| Assam | 1.90 | 1.57 | 2.01 |
| Bihar | 3.00 | 2.25 | 3.19 |
| Chandigarh | 1.39 | 1.39 | N/A |
| Chhattisgarh | 1.96 | 1.63 | 2.08 |
| Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu | 1.93 | 1.80 | 2.12 |
| Delhi | 1.57 | 1.57 | N/A |
| Goa | 1.32 | 1.28 | 1.41 |
| Gujarat | 1.90 | 1.63 | 2.15 |
| Haryana | 2.00 | 1.67 | 2.18 |
| Himachal Pradesh | 1.70 | 1.38 | 1.75 |
| Jammu & Kashmir | 1.40 | 1.20 | 1.50 |
| Jharkhand | 2.30 | 1.84 | 2.42 |
| Karnataka | 1.70 | 1.54 | 1.81 |
| Kerala | 1.80 | 1.64 | 1.92 |
| Ladakh | 1.30 | 1.30 | 1.33 |
| Lakshadweep | 1.40 | 1.40 | N/A |
| Madhya Pradesh | 2.00 | 1.62 | 2.23 |
| Maharashtra | 1.68 | 1.44 | 1.89 |
| Manipur | 2.17 | 1.85 | 2.29 |
| Meghalaya | 2.91 | 2.32 | 3.00 |
| Mizoram | 2.07 | 1.87 | 2.31 |
| Nagaland | 1.71 | 1.50 | 1.77 |
| Odisha | 1.80 | 1.54 | 1.88 |
| Puducherry | 1.70 | 1.47 | 1.87 |
| Punjab | 1.63 | 1.42 | 1.74 |
| Rajasthan | 2.00 | 1.73 | 2.10 |
| Sikkim | 1.05 | 0.98 | 1.12 |
| Tamil Nadu | 1.80 | 1.65 | 1.91 |
| Telangana | 1.82 | 1.63 | 1.95 |
| Tripura | 1.77 | 1.70 | 1.80 |
| Uttar Pradesh | 2.35 | 2.01 | 2.47 |
| Uttarakhand | 1.90 | 1.60 | 2.04 |
| West Bengal | 1.60 | 1.40 | 1.80 |