Foreign relations of Peru

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The foreign relations of Peru are managed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. is an important first-tier state in South America,[1] Peru has been a member of the United Nations since 1945,[2] and Peruvian Javier Pérez de Cuéllar served as UN Secretary General from 1981 to 1991. Former President Alberto Fujimori's tainted re-election to a third term in June 2000 strained Peru's relations with the United States and with many Latin American and European countries, but relations improved with the installation of an interim government in November 2000 and the inauguration of Alejandro Toledo in July 2001.

Peru is planning full integration into the Andean Free Trade Area. In addition, Peru is a standing member of APEC and the World Trade Organization, and is an active participant in negotiations toward a Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA).

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Peru maintains diplomatic relations with:

More information #, Country ...
# Country Date
1 Colombia 6 July 1822[3]
2 Argentina 10 July 1822[4]
3 Chile 8 October 1822[5]
— Mexico (suspended)[6] 23 January 1823[7]
4 United Kingdom 10 October 1823[8]
5 Netherlands 18 July 1825[9]
6 Bolivia 24 June 1826[10]
7 Brazil 3 February 1827[11]
8 United States 21 May 1827[12]
9 Ecuador 26 September 1831[13]
— Venezuela (suspended)[14] 23 December 1833[15]
10 Belgium 16 May 1850[16]
11 Costa Rica 28 April 1851[17]
12 Portugal 26 March 1853[18]
13 Honduras 22 January 1857[19]
14 Guatemala 20 April 1857[20]
15 El Salvador 10 July 1857[21]
16 Nicaragua 5 October 1857[22]
17 France 9 March 1861[23]
18 Uruguay 16 May 1862[24]
19 Paraguay 25 June 1862[25]
20 Italy 25 February 1864[26]
21 Japan 21 August 1873[27]
22 Dominican Republic 6 April 1874[28]
— Holy See 10 October 1877[29]
23 Spain 15 November 1879[30]
24  Switzerland 7 March 1893[31]
25 Panama 18 December 1903[32]
26 Cuba 11 January 1905[33]
27 Denmark 22 July 1921[34][35]
28 Czech Republic 11 July 1922[36]
29 Austria 17 July 1923[37]
30 Norway 3 August 1923[38]
31 Poland 6 September 1923[39]
32 Haiti 10 October 1929[40]
33 Sweden 1 January 1931[41]
34 Romania 10 October 1939[42]
35 Canada 30 January 1944[43]
36 Lebanon 1949[44]
37 Turkey 21 September 1950[45][46]
38 Germany 28 June 1951[47]
— Sovereign Military Order of Malta 15 April 1953[48]
39 Israel 6 November 1956[49]
40 Luxembourg 14 June 1962[50]
41 Australia 1 March 1963[51]
42 India 25 March 1963[52]
43 Finland 29 March 1963[53]
44 South Korea 1 April 1963[54]
45 Egypt 7 October 1963[55]
46 Morocco 18 June 1964[56]
47 Ivory Coast 18 August 1964[57]
48 Thailand 10 November 1965[58]
49 Niger November 1965[59]
50 Greece 3 December 1965[60]
51 Burkina Faso March 1966[61]
52 Cyprus 12 September 1966[62]
53 Tunisia 30 May 1967[63]
54 Ethiopia 10 September 1967[64]
55 Iceland 14 November 1967[65]
56 Trinidad and Tobago 5 February 1968[66]
57 Barbados 29 February 1968[67]
58 Russia 1 February 1969[68]
59 Hungary 16 April 1969[69]
60 Bulgaria 18 April 1969[70]
61 Serbia 12 December 1969[71]
62 Jamaica 29 April 1970[72]
63 Zambia 5 October 1970[73]
64 Nigeria 5 July 1971[74]
65 Guyana 17 July 1971[75]
66 China 2 November 1971[76]
67 Albania 6 December 1971[77]
68 Algeria 10 March 1972[78]
69 New Zealand 4 July 1972[79]
70 Iran 20 November 1973[80]
71 Libya 28 April 1974[81]
72 Pakistan 1 September 1974[82]
73 Philippines 30 November 1974[83]
74 Guinea 8 January 1975[84]
75 Sri Lanka 17 March 1975[85]
76 Republic of the Congo 12 July 1975[86]
77 Democratic Republic of the Congo 3 August 1975[87]
78 Indonesia 12 August 1975[88]
79 Tanzania 12 August 1975[86]
80 Syria 16 August 1975[89]
81 Kuwait 1 December 1975[90]
82 Iraq 1975[91]
83   Nepal 28 January 1976[92]
84 Kenya 25 February 1976[93]
85 Cambodia 31 May 1976[94]
86 Malta 27 April 1977[95]
87 Suriname 22 June 1978[96]
88 Singapore 27 October 1980[97]
89 Equatorial Guinea 28 April 1981[98]
90 Bangladesh February 1983[99]
91 Grenada 16 March 1983[100][101]
92 Papua New Guinea 14 September 1983[102]
93 Kiribati 29 October 1983[103]
94 Fiji 1983[104]
95 Tonga 20 January 1984[105]
96 Nauru 23 January 1984[106][107]
97 Samoa 23 January 1984[108]
98 Antigua and Barbuda 24 June 1985[109]
99 Angola 6 September 1985[110]
100 Jordan 21 October 1985[111]
101 Bahamas 1985[112]
102 Saint Lucia 1985[113]
103 Mozambique 25 February 1986[114]
104 Dominica 18 March 1986[115]
105 Saudi Arabia 19 March 1986[116]
106 Malaysia 24 April 1986[117]
107 Zimbabwe 30 April 1986[118]
108 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 5 May 1986[114]
109 Oman 14 May 1986[114]
110 Vanuatu 30 May 1986[114]
111 United Arab Emirates 17 June 1986[119]
112 Guinea-Bissau 29 September 1986[120]
— Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (suspended) 5 May 1987[121]
113 Ghana 23 June 1987[114]
114 Cape Verde 1 November 1988[122]
115 North Korea 15 December 1988[123]
116 Maldives 6 February 1989[114]
117 Myanmar 17 April 1989[114]
118 Laos 27 April 1989[114]
119 São Tomé and Príncipe 4 May 1989[114]
120 Sierra Leone 15 May 1989[114]
121 Eswatini 8 June 1989[114]
122 Lesotho 21 July 1989[114]
123 Qatar 7 November 1989[124]
124 Brunei 1 June 1990[125]
125 Mauritania 19 June 1990[114]
126 Namibia 11 July 1990[114]
127 Marshall Islands 14 November 1991[126]
128 Belize 27 November 1991[114]
129 Seychelles 15 January 1992[114]
130 Federated States of Micronesia 7 May 1992[114]
131 Ukraine 7 May 1992[114]
132 Armenia 9 September 1992[127]
133 Slovenia 9 September 1992[128]
134 Slovakia 1 January 1993[129]
135 Croatia 12 January 1993[130]
136 South Africa 28 July 1993[131]
137 Vietnam 14 November 1994[114]
138 Estonia 27 July 1995[132]
139 Moldova 11 August 1995[133]
140 Azerbaijan 25 June 1996[114]
141 Liechtenstein 5 July 1996[134]
142 Latvia 23 July 1996[114]
143 Kazakhstan 6 February 1997[135]
144 Belarus 19 February 1997[136]
145 Turkmenistan 7 May 1997[137]
146 Mongolia 30 May 1997[114]
147 Andorra 3 June 1997[114]
148 Lithuania 9 June 1997[114]
149 Bosnia and Herzegovina 23 January 1998[138]
150 Mali 16 July 1998[139]
151 Ireland 27 June 1999[140]
152 Kyrgyzstan 2 July 1999[114]
153 Uzbekistan 22 December 1999[114]
154 Tajikistan 21 January 2000[114]
155 Timor-Leste 30 September 2002[141]
156 North Macedonia 29 June 2005[114]
157 San Marino 4 July 2005[142]
158 Mauritius 12 December 2005[143]
159 Montenegro 12 September 2006[144]
160 Bahrain 22 September 2009[114]
161 Georgia 14 January 2010[114]
162 Cameroon 13 July 2010[145]
163 Monaco 13 October 2010[146]
— State of Palestine 12 November 2010[147]
164 Solomon Islands 14 March 2012[114]
165 Tuvalu 29 March 2012[114]
166 Afghanistan 27 September 2012[148]
167 Sudan 22 July 2013[149]
— Cook Islands September 2017[150]
168 Benin 22 November 2017[151]
169 Senegal 5 December 2017[152]
170 Rwanda 7 December 2017[153]
171 Togo 18 December 2017[154]
172 Djibouti 28 February 2018[155]
173 Palau 14 February 2019[156]
— Niue 13 July 2020[157]
174 Uganda 4 June 2021[114]
175 Saint Kitts and Nevis 24 April 2023[158]
176 Gabon 3 August 2023[159]
177 Malawi Unknown[160]
Close

Bilateral relations

Africa

More information Country, Formal Relations Began ...
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Algeria10 March 1972
Main article: Algeria–Peru relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 March 1972[161]

Angola6 September 1985
  • Angola and Peru established diplomatic relations on 6 September 1985[163]
  • Angola is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.[162]
Burkina FasoMarch 1966
Congo-Brazzaville12 July 1975Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 July 1975[86]
  • The Republic of the Congo is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.[162]
Egypt7 October 1963Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 October 1963.[164]
Main article: Egypt–Peru relations
Ghana23 June 1987
Main article: Ghana–Peru relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 June 1987[165]

Kenya25 February 1976

Peru formerly had an embassy from 1987 to 1990. The embassy in Nairobi was re-opened in 2023.[166]

  • Kenya is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília, Brazil.
  • Peru has an embassy in Nairobi.
Libya28 April 1974Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 April 1974.[167]
Main article: Libya–Peru relations
Morocco18 June 1964Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 June 1964[168]
Main article: Morocco–Peru relations
Namibia11 July 1990
Main article: Namibia–Peru relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 July 1990[169]

  • Peru established relations with SWAPO, preceding Namibian independence.[170]
  • Namibia is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.[162]
Nigeria5 July 1971Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 July 1971[171]
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic5 May 1987, broken 9 September 1996
8 September 2021, broken 18 August 2022
15 September 2022, broken 8 September 2023[172]
Main article: Peru–Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic relations
  • The SADR has an embassy in Lima.
  • Peru established formal relations with the SADR on 5 May 1987,[173] under Alan García, but recognition existed since 16 August 1984. Said relations expired on 9 September 1996, with Peru taking a neutral part in the Western Sahara conflict.[174][175][176]
  • On September 8, 2021, Peru and the SADR re-established their bilateral relations,[177] but the former again severed them on August 16, 2022,[178] renovating them one month later.[179]
South Africa28 July 1993Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 July 1993[180]
Main article: Peru–South Africa relations
  • Peru has an embassy in Pretoria. A Consulate was also maintained in Cape Town which closed in 1985.[181]
  • South Africa is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Santiago.[162]
SudanOctober 7, 1988
Tanzania12 August 1975Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 August 1975[86]
TunisiaSeptember 1966
  • Peru is accredited to Tunisia from its embassy in Algiers.
  • Tunisia is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Buenos Aires.[162]
Zambia5 October 1970Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 October 1970[182]
  • Peru is accredited to Zambia from its embassy in Pretoria. It previously maintained an embassy in Lusaka until 1990.[183]
  • Zambia is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.[162]
ZimbabweMarch 1986
  • Peru is accredited to Zimbabwe from its embassy in Pretoria. It previously maintained an embassy in Harare until 1990.[183]
  • Zimbabwe is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.[162]
Close

Americas

More information Country, Formal Relations Began ...
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Argentina10 July 1822
Main article: Argentina–Peru relations
Bolivia24 June 1826Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 June 1826[186]
Main article: Bolivia–Peru relations
Brazil3 February 1827Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 February 1827.[187]
Main article: Brazil–Peru relations
Canada30 January 1944 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 January 1944[188]
Main article: Canada–Peru relations
Chile8 October 1822 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 October 1822[192]
Main article: Chile–Peru relations

In November 1999, Peru and Chile signed three agreements which put to rest the remaining obstacles holding up implementation of the 1929 Treaty of Lima, which officially ended the 1879 War of the Pacific. In December 1999, President Alberto Fujimori made the first visit ever to Chile by a Peruvian head of state.

Relations between the two nations have since mostly recovered. In 2005, the Peruvian Congress unilaterally approved a law which increased the stated sea limit with Chile. This law superseded the Peruvian supreme decree 781 for same purpose from 1947, which had autolimited its maritime border to geographical parallels only. Peru's position was that the border has never been fully demarcated, but Chile disagreed reminding on treaties in 1952 and 1954 between the countries, which supposedly defined seaborder. The border problem has still not been solved. However, Chile's Michelle Bachelet and Peru's Alan García have established a positive diplomatic relationship, and it is very unlikely any hostilities will break out because of the dispute.

Nevertheless, in early April 2007, Peruvian nationalistic sectors, mainly represented by left wing ex-presidential candidate Ollanta Humala decided to congregate at 'hito uno' right at the border with Chile, in a symbolic attempt to claim sovereignty over a maritime area known in Peru as Mar de Grau (Grau's Sea) just west of the Chilean city of Arica. Peruvian police stopped a group of nearly 2,000 people just 10 km from the border, preventing them from reaching their intended destination. Despite these incidents, the presidents of both Chile and Peru have confirmed their intentions to improve the relationships between the two countries, mainly fueled by the huge amount of commercial exchange between both countries' private sectors.

Colombia6 July 1822Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 July 1822.[193]
Main article: Colombia–Peru relations
Costa Rica28 April 1851
Main article: Costa Rica–Peru relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 April 1851[194]

Cuba11 January 1905Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 January 1905.[195]
Main article: Cuba–Peru relations
  • Peru had relations with Cuba prior to 1972, but broke them off in the 1960s.
  • Cuba has an embassy in Lima.[162]
  • Peru has an embassy in Havana.
Dominican Republic6 April 1874Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 April 1874[196]
Main article: Dominican Republic–Peru relations
Ecuador26 September 1831Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 September 1831[197]
Main article: Ecuador–Peru relations
See also: Ecuadorian–Peruvian territorial dispute
  • In October 1998, Peru and Ecuador signed a peace accord which definitively resolved border differences which had, over the years, resulted in armed conflict. Peru and Ecuador are now jointly coordinating an internationally sponsored border integration project. The United States Government, as one of four guarantor states, was actively involved in facilitating the 1998 peace accord between Peru and Ecuador and remains committed to its implementation. The United States has pledged $40 million to the Peru-Ecuador border integration project and another $4 million to support Peruvian and Ecuadorian demining efforts along their common border.
  • In November 2009, Peru made an agreement with Ecuador in which Peru would export between 40 and 50 megawatts of electricity until April 2010 in order to help Ecuador with its energy crisis.[198] Rafael Correa, Ecuador's president, expressed his gratitude to Peru for its generous aid during Ecuador's energy crisis.[199]
  • Ecuador has an embassy in Lima.[162]
  • Peru has an embassy in Quito and a consulate in Guayaquil.
El Salvador10 July 1857Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 July 1857[200]
Main article: El Salvador–Peru relations
Guatemala20 April 1857
Main article: Guatemala–Peru relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 April 1857[201]

Guyana17 July 1971
Haiti1929
Honduras5 August 1856
Main article: Honduras–Peru relations
Jamaica29 April 1970Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 April 1970[206]
  • Jamaica has a consulate in Lima
  • Jamaica is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Caracas.[162]
Mexico23 January 1823,
(Relations severed in 3 November 2025)		Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 January 1823[207]
Main article: Mexico–Peru relations

Peru and Mexico have historically had a unique relationship solidly based on that they share two of the most significant ancient cultures in the Americas. Both countries have expressed solidarity over the need to defend the recovery of cultural and archaeological heritage in the form of artifacts that have been illegally stolen from Peru and Mexico and which are to this date, illegally or legitimately kept in foreign locations. Peru's President Alan García and Mexico's Felipe Calderón signed a joint declaration in April 2011 aimed at deepening the two countries' friendship, cooperation, integration, trade, investments and the permanent fight against poverty and organized crime. The two countries aim to achieve a new model of integration within Latin America, and to represent a positive, realistic, and active example of integration amongst two "brotherly" nations. On 3 November 2025, Peru break relations with mexico result after Betssy Chávez sought asylum inside the Mexican Embassy in Lima.

Nicaragua28 June 1850
Main article: Nicaragua–Peru relations
Panama2 March 1908
Main article: Panama–Peru relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 March 1908[209]
See also: List of ambassadors of Peru to Panama
Paraguay5 February 1858 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 February 1858[210]
Main article: Paraguay–Peru relations
Suriname23 June 1978Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 June 1978[213]
Trinidad and Tobago5 February 1968 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 February 1968[215]
Main article: Peru-Trinidad and Tobago relations
  • Peru has an embassy in Port of Spain.
  • Trinidad and Tobago is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Caracas, Venezuela.[162]
United States2 May 1826
Main article: Peru–United States relations
  • The U.S. maintains an embassy in Lima, Peru.[162] There is a U.S. Consular Agency in Cuzco, and the USAID building is located in Lima.
Uruguay13 November 1858
Main article: Peru–Uruguay relations
Venezuela17 February 1853
(Relations severed in 29 July 2024)
Main article: Peru–Venezuela relations

In October 2021, the leftist government of Peru re-established diplomatic relations with the leftist Venezuelan government of President Nicolas Maduro after four years.[217]

Both embassies were closed after ties were cut off in July 2024.[218]

Close

Asia

More information Country, Formal Relations Began ...
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Afghanistan Afghanistan27 September 2012
See also: Foreign relations of Afghanistan
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 September 2012.[219]
  • Afghanistan is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Washington, D.C.
  • Peru is accredited to Afghanistan from its non-resident embassy in New Delhi.
  • Peru has not recognized nor established relations with the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.
Armenia9 September 1992 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 September 1992.[220]
Azerbaijan 25 June 1996 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 June 1996[221]
Main article: Azerbaijan–Peru relations
Bahrain22 September 2009Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 September 2009[222]
  • Bahrain is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.
Bangladesh28 February 1983
  • Bangladesh is accredited to Peru from its embassy in New York City.[162]
  • Peru is accredited to Bangladesh from its embassy in Bangkok.
China China 2 November 1971Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 November 1971[223]
Main article: China–Peru relations
Countries which signed cooperation documents related to the Belt and Road Initiative
China (ROC)26 June 1874, broken 2 November 1971
Main articles: Peru–Taiwan relations and Foreign relations of Taiwan
Georgia 14 January 2010
Main article: Georgia–Peru relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 January 2010[224]

  • Georgia is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.[162]
  • Peru has an honorary consulate in Tbilisi.
India25 March 1963Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 March 1963[225]
Main article: India–Peru relations
Indonesia12 August 1975Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 August 1975[226]
Main article: Indonesia-Peru relations
  • Indonesia has an embassy in Lima.[162]
  • Peru has an embassy in Jakarta.
Iran20 November 1973Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 November 1973[227]
Iraq11 October 1975 and 11 July 2012 renew diplomatic relations
  • Peru and Iraq agreed to renew their bilateral ties in 2012.
  • Iraq is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Caracas.[162]
Israel20 August 1957
Main article: Israel–Peru relations
Japan21 August 1873 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 August 1873.[232]
Main article: Japan–Peru relations
Kazakhstan6 February 1997
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 February 1997[235]
Kuwait1 December 1975
Main article: Kuwait–Peru relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 December 1975[236]

Malaysia24 April 1986 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 April 1986[237]
Main article: Malaysia–Peru relations
Mongolia30 May 1997Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 May 1997[238]
  • Mongolia is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Havana.[162]
  • Peru is accredited to Mongolia from its embassy in Beijing.
  Nepal28 January 1976Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 January 1976[239]
  • Nepal is accredited to Peru from its embassy in New York City.[162]
  • Peru is accredited to Nepal from its embassy in India.
North Korea15 December 1988Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 December 1988[240]
Main article: North Korea–Peru relations
  • North Korea has an embassy in Lima.
  • Diplomatic relationships between both countries are suspended since 2017.
Palestine30 April 2011
Main article: Palestine–Peru relations
  • Peru recognized Palestine on 24 January 2011.[241]
  • Palestine has an embassy in Lima.[162]
Philippines30 November 1974 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 November 1974[242]
Main article: Peru-Philippines relations
Qatar7 November 1989
Main article: Peru–Qatar relations

At an official level, both countries began diplomatic relations in 1989.[243]

  • Peru has an embassy in Doha.
  • Qatar has an embassy in Lima.[162]
Saudi Arabia19 March 1986[170]
Main article: Peru–Saudi Arabia relations
Singapore27 October 1980Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 October 1980[244]
  • Singapore is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Singapore.[162]
  • Peru has an embassy in Singapore.
South Korea1 April 1963 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 April 1963[245]
Main article: Peru–South Korea relations
Thailand10 November 1965 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 November 1965.[246]
Main article: Peru–Thailand relations
  • Peru has an embassy in Bangkok.
  • Thailand has an embassy in Lima.
Turkey1952[247]
Main article: Peru–Turkey relations
  • Peru has an embassy in Ankara and a Consulate General in Istanbul.[247]
  • Turkey has an embassy in Lima.[162][247]
  • Trade volume between the two countries was US$250 million in 2019 (Peruvian exports/imports: 72.6/177.4 million USD).[247]
United Arab Emirates17 June 1986
Main article: Peru–United Arab Emirates relations
Uzbekistan22 December 1999
  • Peru and Uzbekistan established bilateral relations on 22 December 1999[248]
Vietnam14 November 1994Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 November 1994[249]
Main article: Peru–Vietnam relations
Close

Europe

See also: European Union–Peru relations
More information Country, Formal Relations Began ...
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Albania6 December 1971Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 December 1971[250]
Main article: Albania–Peru relations
  • Peru and Albania established formal relations in 1971.
  • Albania is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.[162]
  • Peru is accredited to Albania from its embassy in Athens. Until its dissolution, Peru was accredited from its embassy in Yugoslavia.
Andorra3 June 1997Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 June 1997[251]
Main article: Andorra–Peru relations
  • Andorra does not hold an embassy in Peru.
  • Peru is accredited to Andorra from its embassy in Madrid, Spain.
Austria2 November 1949[252]
Main article: Austria–Peru relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Lima, and honorary consulates in Cuzco, Trujillo, Iquitos, and Arequipa.[162]
  • Peru has an embassy in Vienna, and consulates in Innsbruck and Salzburg.[253]
Belarus19 February 1997Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 February 1997[254] In 1999, Foreign Minister Sergei Martynov visited Peru.[255]
Belgium1 April 1852
Main article: Belgium–Peru relations
  • Belgium has an embassy in Lima.[162]
  • Peru has an embassy in Brussels.
Bosnia and Herzegovina23 January 1998Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 January 1998[256]
Main article: Bosnia and Herzegovina–Peru relations
  • Peru is accredited to Bosnia and Herzegovina from its embassy in Budapest.
Bulgaria18 April 1969 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 April 1969[257]
Main article: Bulgaria–Peru relations
Croatia12 January 1993 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 January 1993[259]
Main article: Croatia–Peru relations
Cyprus19 September 1966
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 September 1966.[260][261] On October of the same year, relations were elevated to embassy level.[262]
  • Cyprus is represented in Peru through its embassy in Brasília, Brazil.[162][263]
  • Peru is accredited to Cyprus from it missions in Italy.
Czech Republic11 July 1922, broken 4 October 1957, restored 27 December 1968 ( with Czech Republic from 2 January 1993)
Main article: Czech Republic–Peru relations

Both countries re-established diplomatic relations on 27 December 1968[264]

Denmark
Estonia27 July 1995Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 July 1995[267]
Main article: Estonia–Peru relations
Finland29 March 1963 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 March 1963[269]
Main article: Finland–Peru relations
European Union2000[270]
Main article: European Union–Peru relations
  • The European Union has a consulate in Lima.[162]
  • Peru has a section of its Ministry of Foreign Affairs dedicated to the European Union, as well as diplomatic relationships with its members.
France1826
Main article: France–Peru relations
Germany28 June 1951
(Federal Republic)
28 December 1972 – 1990
(Democratic Republic)		Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 June 1871.[271]
Main article: Germany–Peru relations
Greece3 December 1965
Main article: Greece–Peru relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 December 1965[272]
  • Greece has an embassy in Lima.[162]
  • Peru has an embassy in Athens.
Hungary16 April 1969
Main article: Hungary–Peru relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 April 1969[273]

  • Peru has an embassy in Budapest.
  • Hungary has an embassy in Lima.[162]
Iceland14 November 1967Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 November 1967[274]
  • Iceland is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Oslo.[162]
  • Peru is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Oslo.
Ireland27 June 1999
Main article: Ireland–Peru relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 June 1999[275]

  • Ireland is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Mexico City and maintains an honorary consulate in Lima.[162]
  • Peru has an embassy in Dublin. Until 2017, the ambassador resided in London.
Italy23 December 1874 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 December 1874[276]
Main article: Italy–Peru relations
Latvia23 July 1996Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 July 1996[279]
  • Latvia is accredited to Peru through its embassy in Berlin.
  • Peru is accredited to Latvia through its embassy in Helsinki.
Liechtenstein5 July 1996Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 July 1996[280]
  • Liechtenstein does not have an embassy accredited to Peru.
  • Peru is accredited to Liechtenstein from its embassy in Bern.
Lithuania9 June 1997Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 June 1997[281]
  • Peru is accredited to Lithuania from its embassy in Helsinki.
Luxembourg14 June 1962Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 June 1962[282][283]
  • Luxembourg is accredited to Peru through its embassy in Berlin.
  • Peru is accredited to Luxembourg from its embassy in Brussels.
Malta27 April 1977Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1977[284]
Netherlands1 February 1826
Main article: Netherlands–Peru relations
Norway3 August 1923
Main article: Norway–Peru relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 August 1923[285]

  • Peru has an embassy in Oslo.
  • Norway has a consulate-general in Lima and is accredited from its embassy in Santiago, Chile.[162]
Poland6 September 1923Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 September 1923.[286] Peru refused to recognize the Polish government in London on December 29, 1945. Peru and Poland re-established diplomatic relations on 14 April 1969.[287]
Main article: Peru–Poland relations
Portugal26 March 1853
Main article: Peru–Portugal relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 March 1853[290]

  • Peru has an embassy in Lisbon.
  • Portugal has an embassy in Lima.[162]
Romania10 October 1939, broken 5 March 1942, Re-established diplomatic relations 9 November 1968
Main article: Peru–Romania relations
  • Romania has an embassy in Lima and an honorary consulate in Arequipa.[162]
  • The Republic of Peru has an embassy and an honorary consulate, both in Bucharest.

Diplomatic relations' level:

  • Legation: October 10, 1939 – March 5, 1942
  • Embassy: since November 9, 1968

Diplomatic relations' timeline:

  • October 10, 1939 – March 5, 1942
  • since November 9, 1968[291]
Russia16 May 1874 to 1918
1 February 1969
Main article: Peru–Russia relations
San Marino24 February 2005Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 February 2005[294]
  • San Marino is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Rome.[162]
  • Peru is accredited to San Marino from its missions in Italy.
Serbia10 December 1968
Main articles: Peru–Serbia relations and Peru–Yugoslavia relations
See also: Kosovo–Peru relations
  • Diplomatic relations between then Yugoslavia and Peru existed before the Second World War. They were renewed on 10 December 1968.
  • Serbia is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Buenos Aires.[162][295]
  • Peru is accredited to Serbia from its embassy in Budapest.[296]
Slovakia1 January 1993
Main article: Peru–Slovakia relations
  • Slovakia is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Buenos Aires.[162]
  • Peru is accredited to Slovakia from its embassy in Vienna.
Sovereign Military Order of Malta15 April 1953
See also: List of ambassadors of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta to Peru
  • The Sovereign Military Order of Malta has an embassy in Lima.[162]
  • Peru is accredited to the Sovereign Military Order of Malta from its embassy in the Holy See.
Spain15 November 1879Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 November 1879[297]
Main article: Peru–Spain relations
Sweden11 February 1938 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 February 1938.[300]
Main article: Peru–Sweden relations
  • Peru has an embassy in Stockholm.
  • Sweden is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Santiago, Chile.[301]
 Switzerland16 September 1884
Main article: Peru–Switzerland relations
  • Peru has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy in Lima.[162]
Ukraine7 May 1992Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 May 1992[302]
Main article: Peru–Ukraine relations
  • Peru was accredited to Ukraine from its embassy in Warsaw, Poland. It was formerly accredited from its embassy in Moscow, Russia.
  • Ukraine has an embassy in Lima.[162]
United Kingdom10 October 1823Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 October 1823.[8]
Main article: Peru–United Kingdom relations
  • Peru maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Peru through its embassy in Lima.[303]

Both countries are members of CPTPP, the International Criminal Court, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Andean Countries–UK Free Trade Agreement.[304] Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.[305]

Vatican City1 November 1852
Main article: Holy See–Peru relations
Close

Oceania

More information Country, Formal Relations Began ...
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Australia1 March 1963 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 March 1963[306]
Main article: Australia–Peru relations

Both countries have an expanding relationship in all areas. In February 2018 trade ministers from both Peru and Australia signed a free trade agreement.[307] Until 2019, the Peruvian ambassador was also accredited to New Zealand.[308]

Fiji1983[104]
New Zealand4 July 1972Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 July 1972[309]
Main article: New Zealand–Peru relations
Papua New Guinea14 September 1983Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 September 1983[310]
  • Peru is accredited to Papua New Guinea from its consulate-general in Sydney.
Close

Transnational issues

Illicit drugs

Until recently the world's largest coca leaf producer, Peru has reduced the area of coca under cultivation from 115,300 ha to 38,700 ha, or 66%, between 1995 and 1999;[311] most of cocaine base is shipped to neighboring Colombia, Bolivia, and Brazil for processing into cocaine for the international drug market, but exports of finished cocaine are increasing by maritime conveyance to Mexico, US, and Europe.


See also

References

Related Articles

Wikiwand AI