List of leaders of Tajikistan
List of leaders of Tajikistan since 1925
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Great Khans and Yuan dynasty
Before Kublai Khan announced the dynastic name "Great Yuan" in 1271, Great Khans (Khagan) of the Mongol Empire (Ikh Mongol Uls) already started to use the Chinese title of Emperor (Chinese: 皇帝; pinyin: Huángdì) practically in the Chinese language since Genghis Khan (as 成吉思皇帝; 'Genghis Emperor').
With the establishment of the Yuan dynasty in 1271, the Kublaids became Yuan emperors, who took on a dual identity of Khagan for the Mongols and Huangdi for ethnic Han.
| Ruler | Reign | Information |
|---|---|---|
| Genghis Khan | 1206 - 1227 | The first Khan of the Mongol Empire. |
| Tolui Khan | 1227 - 1229 | Regent of the Mongol Empire until his brother, Ögedei became Khan. |
| Ögedei Khan | 13 September 1229 – 11 December 1241 | The second Khan of the Mongol Empire. |
| Töregene Khatun | 1242 - 1246 | Regent of the Mongol Empire until the election of her son, Güyük Khan. |
| Güyük Khan | 24 August 1246 – 20 April 1248 | The third Khan of the Mongol Empire. |
| Oghul Qaimish | 1248 - 1251 | Regent of the Mongol Empire until her death in 1251. |
| Möngke Khan | 1 July 1251 – 11 August 1259 | The fourth Khan of the Mongol Empire. |
| Ariq Böke | 11 August 1259 – 12 August 1264 | Claimed the title of Great Khan and fought against Kublai in the Toluid Civil War. |
| Kublai Khan | 18 December 1271 – 18 February 1294 | The first emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. |
| Temür Khan | 10 May 1294 – 10 February 1307 | The second emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. |
| Külüg Khan | 21 June 1307 – 27 January 1311 | The third emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. |
| Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan | 7 April 1311 – 1 March 1320 | The fourth emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. |
| Gegeen Khan | 19 April 1320 – 4 September 1323 | The fifth emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. |
| Yesün Temür | 4 October 1323 – 15 August 1328 | The sixth emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. |
| Ragibagh Khan | October 1328 - 14 November 1328 | The seventh emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. |
| Jayaatu Khan Tugh Temür | 16 October 1328 – 26 February 1329.[1] (first reign) 8 September 1329 – 2 September 1332 (second reign) |
The eighth emperor of the Yuan Dynasty |
| Khutughtu Khan Kusala | 27 February 1329 – 30 August 1329 | The ninth emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. Seized the throne from Jayaatu Khan Tugh Temür. |
| Rinchinbal Khan | 23 October 1332 – 14 December 1332 | The tenth emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. |
| Toghon Temür | 19 July 1333 – 10 September 1368[1] | The eleventh emperor and last emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. Also the first emperor of the Northern Yuan Dynasty. |
Ilkhans
The title of Il Khan was used consistently only in the first half of the dynasty, and after the reign of Geikhatu it was rarely used, with the titles Padishah or Sultan being used instead.[2]
House of Hulegu (1256–1335; Ilkhanate Mongol kings)
- Hulegu Khan (1256–1265)
- Abaqa Khan (1265–1282)
- Ahmad Tegüder (1282–1284)
- Arghun (1284–1291)
- Gaykhatu (1291–1295)
- Baydu (1295)
- Mahmud Ghazan (1295–1304)
- Muhammad Khodabandeh (Oljeitu or Öljaitü) (1304–1316)
- Abu Sa'id Bahadur (1316–1335)
After the death of Abu Said, the Warlords, governors and regional states raised their own candidates as claimants.
House of Ariq Böke
- Arpa Ke'ün (1335–1336)
House of Hulegu (1336–1357)
- Musa (1336–1337) (puppet of 'Ali Padshah of Baghdad)
- Muhammad (1336–1338) (Jalayirid puppet)
- Sati Beg (1338–1339) (Chobanid puppet)
- Sulayman (1339–1343) (Chobanid puppet, recognized by the Sarbadars 1341–1343)
- Jahan Temür (1339–1340) (Jalayirid puppet)
- Anushirwan (1343–1356) (Chobanid puppet)
- Ghazan II (1356–1357) (known only from coinage)
House of Hasar
Claimants from eastern Persia (Khurasan):
- Togha Temür (c. 1338–1353) (recognized by the Kartids 1338–1349; by the Jalayirids 1338–1339, 1340–1344; by the Sarbadars 1338–1341, 1344, 1353)
- Luqman (1353–1388) (son of Togha Temür and the protégé of Timur)
Khans of the Chagatai Khanate
| Personal Name | Reign | Religion |
|---|---|---|
| Chagatai Khan چغتائی خان |
1226–1242 CE | Tengrism |
| Qara Hülëgü قارا ہلاکو |
1242–1246 CE 1st Reign | Tengrism |
| Yesü Möngke یہسو مونکو |
1246–1252 CE | Tengrism |
| Qara Hülëgü قارا ہلاکو |
1252 CE 2nd Reign | Tengrism |
| Mubarak Shah مبارک شاہ His mother Orqina Khatun was regent during this time |
1252–1260 CE 1st Reign | Islam |
| Alghu bin Baidar الغو |
1260–1266 CE | Tengrism |
| Mubarak Shah مبارک شاہ |
1266 CE 2nd Reign | Islam |
| Ghiyas-ud-din Baraq غیاث الدین باراق |
1266–1270 CE | Islam |
| Kaidu bin Kashin and his son Chapar bin Kaidu ruled as de facto Khans from 1270 until 1304. The Chagatai Khans during this period were appointed by them but still rebelled when they tried to exert their authority. | ||
| Negübei نہگوبائی Under Kaidu bin Kashin |
1270–1272 CE | Tengrism |
| Buqa Temür بغا تیمور بن قداقچی Under Kaidu bin Kashin |
127?–1282 CE | Tengrism |
| Duwa دووا Under Kaidu bin Kashin & Chapar bin Kaidu |
1282–1306 CE | Tengrism |
| Restoration of Chagatai Khanate independence. | ||
| Duwa دووا |
1306–1307 CE | Tengrism |
| Könchek کونچہک |
1307–1308 CE | Tengrism |
| Taliqu تالقو بن قداقچی |
1308–1309 CE | Islam |
| Kebek قبق بن دووا |
1309–1310 CE 1st Reign | Tengrism |
| Esen Buqa I ایشان بغا |
1310–1318 CE | Tengrism |
| Kebek قبق بن دووا |
1318–1325 CE 2nd Reign | Tengrism |
| Eljigidey ? |
1325–1329 CE | Tengrism |
| Duwa Temür دووا تیمور |
1329–1330 CE | Tengrism |
| Ala-ad-din Tarmashirin علاء الدین تارماشیریں |
1331–1334 CE | Islam |
| Buzan بوزان |
1334–1335 CE | Tengrism |
| Changshi چانگشی |
1335–1338 CE | Tengrism |
| Yesun Temur یسون تیمور |
1338–1342 CE | Tengrism |
| Ali Sultan علی سلطان |
1342 CE | Islam |
| Muhammad I ibn Pulad محمد ابن پلاد |
1342–1343 CE | Islam |
| Qazan Khan ibn Yasaur غازان خان |
1343–1346 CE | Islam |
| Qazan's death signified the end of the effective power of the Chagatai khans within the ulus; subsequent khans were rulers in name only. Qazaghan took the title of Amir and to legitimize himself conferred the title of khan on descendants of Genghis Khan of his own choosing. | ||
| Danishmandchi دانشمندجی Under Qazaghan |
1346–1348 CE | Islam |
| During Qazaghan's reign the Chagatai Khanate devolved into a loose confederation of tribes. This resulted in the Division of the Empire in 1347 CE into the Western Chagatai Khanate and Eastern part known as Moghulistan under Tughlugh Timur. | ||
- Blue rows signifies nominal rule.
Emirs of Timurid Empire
| No. | Coin | Name | Reign | Life details |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Timur Beg Gurkani تیمور بیگ گورکانی |
9 April 1370 – 18 February 1405 (~35 years) |
1320s – 18 February 1405 (aged 85)
| |
| 2 | Pir Muhammad پیر محمد |
18 February 1405 – 22 February 1407 (~2 years) |
1376 – 22 February 1407 (aged 31)
| |
| 3 | Khalil Sultan خلیل سلطان |
18 February 1405 – 1409 (~4 years) |
13 August 1384 – 3 November 1411 (aged 27)
| |
| 4 | Shahrukh Mirza شاھرخ میرزا |
20 February 1405 – 13 March 1447 (~35 years) |
20 August 1377 – 13 March 1447 (aged 69)
| |
| 5 | Ulugh Beg Mirza الغ بیگ میرزا |
13 March 1447 – 27 October 1449 (~2 years) |
22 March 1394 – 27 October 1449 (aged 55)
| |
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List of monarchs
Empire (1747–1823; 1839–1842)
| Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ahmad Shah Durrani
| 1720 – 16 October 1772 | July 1747 | 16 October 1772 | Durrani |  | |
Sulaiman Shah Durrani
| Unknown | 16 October 1772 | November 1772 | Durrani |  | |
Timur Shah Durrani
| December 1746 – 20 May 1793 | November 1772 | 20 May 1793 | Durrani |  | |
Zaman Shah Durrani
| 1767 – 13 September 1845 | 20 May 1793 | 25 July 1801 | Durrani |  | |
| Mahmud Shah Durrani (1st reign)
| 1769 – 18 April 1829 | 25 July 1801 | 13 July 1803 | Durrani |  | |
| Shuja Shah Durrani (1st reign)
| 4 November 1785 – 5 April 1842 | 13 July 1803 | 3 May 1809 | Durrani |  | |
| Mahmud Shah Durrani (2nd reign)
| 1769 – 18 April 1829 | 3 May 1809 | February 1811 | Durrani | | |
Abbas Shah Durrani
| Died February 1811 | February 1811 | February 1811 | Durrani | | |
| Mahmud Shah Durrani (3rd reign)
| 1769 – 18 April 1829 | February 1811 | September 1818 | Durrani | | |
Ali Shah Durrani
| Died December 1818 | September 1818 | December 1818 | Durrani | | |
Ayub Shah Durrani
| Died 1 October 1837 | December 1818 | 1823 | Durrani |  | |
| Shuja Shah Durrani (2nd reign)
| 4 November 1785 – 5 April 1842 | 7 August 1839 | 5 April 1842 | Durrani | | |
Fateh Jang Durrani
| Died 25 June 1855 | 5 April 1842 | 12 October 1842 | Durrani |  | |
Shahpur Shah Durrani
| Died 1884 | 12 October 1842 | December 1842 | Durrani | |
Kandahar (1793–1795)
| Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Humayun Shah Durrani
| Died December 1795 | May 1793 | December 1795 | Rose in revolt against his uterine brother King Zaman Shah Durrani by attempting to conquer Kandahar in three separate occasions | Sadozai |  |
Herat (1793–1863)
| Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mahmud Shah Durrani | 1769 – 18 April 1829 | 20 May 1793 | 14 October 1797 | Sadozai | | |
| Firuz al-Din Mirza Durrani | Unknown | 25 July 1801 | September 1818 | Sadozai | | |
| Fath Ali Khan | 1758 – August 1818 | September 1818 | 1826 | Barakzai | | |
| Mahmud Shah Durrani | 1769 – 18 April 1829 | 1826 | March 1842 | Sadozai | | |
| Kamran Mirza Durrani | Died 1842 | March 1842 | 23 June 1851 | Sadozai |  | |
| Yar Mohammad Khan | 1790–1851 | 23 June 1851 | 15 September 1855 | Alakozai |  | |
| Said Mohammad Khan | Unknown | 15 September 1855 | 28 April 1856 | Alakozai | | |
| Mohammad Yusuf Mirza Durrani | Died March 1857 | 28 April 1856 | 25 October 1856 | Sadozai | | |
| Isa Khan Bardurrani | Unknown | 25 October 1856 | September 1857 | Bardurrani | | |
| Sultan Ahmad Khan | Died January 1863 | 27 July 1857 | 6 March 1863 | Barakzai | | |
| Shah Nawaz Khan | Unknown | 6 March 1863 | 27 June 1863 | Barakzai | |
List of rulers
Shaybanids
,_who_reigned_from_1551_to_1556._Louvre_MAO_150_(former_Vignier_Collection).jpg)
- Shah Bakht Muhammad Shaybani ibn Shah Budaq ibn Abu'l-Khayr Khan (1501–1510)
- Suyunchuk Khwaja ibn Abu'l-Khayr Khan (1511–1512) ruler in Tashkent during Safavid occupation
- Kuchkunchi Muhammad ibn Abu'l-Khayr Khan (1512–1530)
- Abu Sa'id Khan ibn Kuchkunchi Muhammad (1530–1533)
- Ubaydallah ibn Mahmud Shah ibn Shah Budaq ibn Abu'l-Khayr Khan (1533–1540)
- Abdullah I ibn Kuchkunchi Muhammad (1540)
- Abdul-Latif ibn Kuchkunchi Muhammad (1540–1552)
- Nawruz Ahmad (Baraq) ibn Suyunchuk Khwaja (1552–1556)
- Pir Muhammad I ibn Jani Beg ibn Khwaja Muhammad ibn Abu'l-Khayr Khan (1556–1561)
- Iskandar ibn Jani Beg (1561–1583)
- Abdullah II ibn Iskandar (1583–1598); de facto ruled since 1561
- Abdul-Mu'min ibn Abdullah (1598)
- Pir Muhammad II ibn Sulayman ibn Jani Beg (1598–1599)
Janids
- Yar Muhammad Khan (1599–1600) abdicated, died c. 1612; son-in-law of Iskandar ibn Jani Beg ("Iskandar Khan"); descended from Küchük Muhammad Khan of the Golden Horde
- Jani Muhammad Khan (1600–1603)
- Baqi Muhammad Khan (1600–1606) de facto ruled since 1599; abdicated
- Vali Muhammad Khan (1606–1611) deposed
- Imam Quli Khan (1611) deposed
- Vali Muhammad Khan (1611) restored
- Imam Quli Khan (1611–1641) restored, abdicated, died 1642
- Nadr Muhammad Khan (1642–1645) deposed, died 1651
- Abd al-Aziz Khan (1645–1681) abdicated, died 1684
- Subhan Quli Khan (1681–1702)[4][5][6]
- Muhammad Ubaidullah Khan (1702 – 18 March 1711)[7]
- Abu al-Fayz Khan (1711–1747)
- Muhammad Abd al-Mumin (1747–1750)
- Muhammad Ubaidullah II (1750–1753) adopted into family, nominal monarch
Manghits
- Muhammad Rahim (usurper), atalik (1753–1756), khan (1756–1758)
- Shir Ghazi (1758–?)
- Abu'l-Ghazi Khan (1758–1785)
List of emirs
| Titular Name | Personal Name | Reign |
|---|---|---|
| Ataliq I
اتالیق |
Khudayar Bey
خدایار بیگ |
? |
| Ataliq II
اتالیق |
Muhammad Hakim
محمد حکیم |
?–1747 |
| Ataliq III
اتالیق |
Muhammad Rahim
محمد رحیم |
1747–1753 |
| Amir I
امیر |
1753–1756 | |
| Khan
خان |
1756–1758 | |
| Ataliq IV
اتالیق |
Daniyal biy
دانیال بیگ |
1758–1785 |
| Amir Masum
امیر معصوم |
Shahmurad
شاہ مراد بن دانیال بیگ |
1785–1800 |
| Amir II
امیر |
Haydar bin Shahmurad
حیدر تورہ بن شاہ مراد |
1800–1826 |
| Amir III
امیر |
Mir Hussein bin Haydar
حسین بن حیدر تورہ |
1826–1827 |
| Amir IV
امیر |
Umar bin Haydar
عمر بن حیدر تورہ |
1827 |
| Amir V
امیر |
Nasr-Allah bin Haydar Tora
نصراللہ بن حیدر تورہ |
1827–1860 |
| Amir VI
امیر |
Muzaffar bin Nasrullah
مظفر الدین بن نصراللہ |
1860–1885 |
| Amir VII
امیر |
Abdul-Ahad bin Muzaffar al-Din
عبدل احد بن مظفر الدین |
1885–1910 |
| Amir VIII
امیر |
Muhammad Alim Khan bin Abdul-Ahad
محمد عالم خان بن عبدل احد |
1910–1920 |
| Overthrow of Emirate of Bukhara by Bukharan People's Soviet Republic, which, in turn, was forcibly replaced by Bolsheviks. | ||
Bukharan People's Soviet Republic[ Political leaders
| Name | Took office | Left office | Party | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chairmen of the Central Revolutionary Committee | |||||
| Mirzo Abduqodir Mansurovich Mukhitdinov | 2 September 1920 | 22 September 1921 | Communist Party of Bukhara | Styled Chairman of the Provisional Revolutionary Committee from 2 September to 6 October 1920 | |
| Polat Usmon Khodzhayev | 25 September 1921 | 8 December 1921 | Communist Party of Bukhara | ||
| Chairmen of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee | |||||
| Polat Usmon Khodzhayev | 23 September 1921 | 12 April 1922 | Communist Party of Bukhara | ||
| Muin Jon Aminov | 12 April 1922 | 18 August 1922 | Communist Party of Bukhara | ||
| Porsa Khodzhayev | 18 August 1922 | 27 October 1924 | Communist Party of Bukhara | ||
| Chairmen of the Council of People's Nazirs (Ministers) | |||||
| Fayzulla Xoʻjayev | 8 October 1920 | 19 April 1923 | Communist Party of Bukhara | ||
| Mirzo Abduqodir Mansurovich Mukhitdinov | 15 June 1923 | 27 October 1924 | Communist Party of Bukhara | ||
List of khans
| Reign | Ruler |
|---|---|
| 1709–1722 | Shahrukh Biy |
| 1722–1734 | Abd al-Rahim Biy |
| 1734–1751 | Abd al-Karim Biy |
| 1751–1752 | Irdana Biy (1st Reign) |
| 1752–1753 | Baba Biy |
| 1753–1769 | Irdana Biy (2nd Reign) |
| 1769–1770 | Sulayman Biy |
| 1770–1799 | Narbuta Biy |
| 1799–1811 | Alim Khan |
| 1811–1822 | Muhammad Umar Khan |
| 1822–1842 | Muhammad Ali Khan |
| 1842–1844 | Shir Ali Khan |
| 1844 | Murad Beg Khan |
| 1844–1852 | Muhammad Khudayar Khan (1st Reign) |
| Mingbashi Musulmonqul (Regent for Khudayar Khan) | |
| 1852–1858 | Muhammad Khudayar Khan (2nd Reign) |
| 1858–1862 | Muhammad Mallya Beg Khan |
| 1862 | Shah Murad Khan |
| 1862–1863 | Muhammad Khudayar Khan (3rd Reign) |
| 1863–1865 | Sultan Sayyid Khan (puppet of Alimqul) |
| 1865 | Bil Bahchi Khan |
| 1865–1875 | Muhammad Khudayar Khan (4th Reign) |
| 1875 | Nasruddin Khan (1st Reign) |
| 1875 | Muhammad Pulad Beg Khan |
| 1876 | Nasruddin Khan (2nd Reign) |
Governors-General of Turkestan
The governorate-general was administered by a series of military generals appointed by the Tsar.[11]
| Name | Tenure | Military Rank |
|---|---|---|
| Konstantin von Kaufman | 1867–1882 | Engineer-General |
| Mikhail Chernyayev | 1882–1884 | Lieutenant General |
| Nikolai Rozenbakh | 1884–1889 | General of Infantry |
| Alexander Vrevsky | 1889–1898 | Lieutenant General / General of Infantry |
| Sergei Dukhovskoi | 1898–1901 | General of Infantry |
| Nikolai Ivanov | 1901–1904 | Lieutenant General |
| Nikolai Tevyashev | 1904–1905 | General of Cavalry |
| Dejan Subotić | 1905–1906 | Lieutenant General |
| Nikolai Grodekov | 1906–1908 | General of Infantry |
| Pavel Mishchenko | 1908–1909 | General of Artillery |
| Alexander Samsonov | 1909–1914 | General of Cavalry |
| Fedor Martson | 1914–1916 | General of Infantry |
| Aleksey Kuropatkin | 1916–1917 | General of Infantry |
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
- Kobozev, Pyotr Alekseevich (April – May 1918), Solkin, Andrey Fedorovich, contributor (April – 2 June 1918)
- Tobolin, Ivan Osipovich (2 June – 5 October 1918)
- Votintsev, Vsevolod Dmitrievich (October 1918 – 19 January 1919)
- – (19 January – 31 March 1919)
- Kazakov, Aristarkh Andreevich (31 March – July 1919)
- Kobozev, Pyotr Alekseevich (July – September 1919)
- Apin, Ivan Andreevich (September 1919 – January 1920)
- Ryskulov, Turar Ryskulovich (January – 21 July 1920)
- Biserov, Mukhammedzhan (21 July – August 1920)
- Rakhimbaev, Abdullo Rakhimbaevich (4 August 1920 – May 1921), Khodzhanov Sultanbek, acting, prev. (12 May 1920 – ?)
- Tyuryakulov, Nazir Tyuryakulovich (May 1921 – June 1922)
- Rakhimbaev, Abdullo Rakhimbaevich (June – October 1922)
- Khidir-Aliev, Inagadzhan (October 1922 – 1 January 1924), Dadabaev Butabay, vrid. prev. (August – September 1923)
- Aytakov, Nedirbai (9 January – November 1924)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars ("Turksovnarkom").
| Initial date | Final date | Name |
|---|---|---|
| 15 November 1917 | November 1918 | Fyodor Kolesov |
| November 1918 | 19 January 1919 | Vladislav Figelskiy (ru) |
| 19 January 1919 | 31 March 1919 | Post vacant |
| 31 March 1919 | 12 September 1919 | Karp Sorokin (ru) |
| 12 September 1919 | March 1920 | Turksovnarkom defunct |
| March 1920 | May 1920 | Jānis Rudzutaks |
| May 1920 | September 1920 | Isidor Lubimov |
| 19 September 1920 | October 1922 | Kaikhaziz Atabayev |
| October 1922 | 12 January 1924 | Turar Ryskulov |
| 12 January 1924 | 27 October 1924 | Sharustam Islamov (ru) |
Beks of Mastchoh (Matcha)(in rebellion)
- Nov 1918 - af.1919 Sultan Bek Davlatov
- c.Mar 1920 Mir Muhammadov (d. 1920)
- Sep 1920 - Apr 1923 Said Ahmad Khwaja (d. 1923)
Emir of Darvaz and Karategin (at Gharm, in rebellion)
- Nov 1922 - Aug 1923 Fuzayl Maqsum
This is a list of leaders of present-day Tajikistan since the establishment of the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Tajik ASSR) in 1925.
Leaders of Tajikistan (1925–1991)
Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (1925–1929)
Executive Secretaries of the Communist Party of the Tajik Provincial Committee
| No. | Name | Term |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chinor Imomov | 1924–1925 |
| 2 | Boris Tolpygo | 1925–1927 |
| 3 | Mumin Khodzhayev | 1927–1928 |
| 4 | Ali Heydar Ibash Shervoni | 1928–1929 |
| 5 | Shirinsho Shotemur | 1929 – November 1929 |
Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic (1929–1991)
First Secretaries of the Tajik Communist Party
| No. | Name | Term |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mirza Davud Huseynov | November 1929 – 3 November 1933 |
| 2 | Grigory Broydo | 3 November 1933 – 8 January 1934 |
| 3 | Suren Shadunts | 8 January 1934 – September 1937 |
| 4 | Urunboi Ashurov | September 1937 – March 1938 |
| 5 | Dmitri Protopopov | April 1938 – August 1946 |
| 6 | Bobojon Ghafurov | 16 August 1946 – 24 May 1956 |
| 7 | Tursun Uljabayev | 24 May 1956 – 12 April 1961 |
| 8 | Jabar Rasulov | 12 April 1961 – 4 April 1982 |
| 9 | Rahmon Nabiyev | 4 April 1982 – 14 December 1985 |
| 10 | Qahhor Mahkamov | 14 December 1985 – 4 September 1991 |
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
| No. | Name | Term | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nusratullo Mahsum | 16 December 1926 – 28 December 1933 | Served as Chairman of the Tajik ASSR CIK from 1926 to 1929, and continued as Chairman of the Tajik SSR CIK from 1929 to 1933. |
| 2 | Shirinsho Shotemur | 28 December 1933 – December 1936 | |
| 3 | Abdullo Rakhimbayev | December 1936 – September 1937 | |
| 4 | Munavar Shagadayev | September 1937 – 13 July 1938 |
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
| No. | Name | Term |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | N. Ashurov | 13 July 1938 – 15 July 1938 |
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
| No. | Name | Term |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Munavar Shagadayev | 15 July 1938 – 29 July 1950 |
| 2 | Nazarsho Dodkhudoyev | 29 July 1950 – 24 May 1956 |
| 3 | Mirzo Rakhmatov | 24 May 1956 – 28 March 1963 |
| 4 | Makhmadullo Kholov | 28 March 1963 – January 1964 |
| 5 | Nizoramo Zaripova | 14 January 1964 – 17 February 1964[12][13] |
| 6 | Vladimir Oplanchuk (acting) | January – 17 February 1964 |
| 7 | Gaibnasar Pallayev | 17 February 1964 – 12 April 1990 |
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
| No. | Name | Term |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Qahhor Mahkamov | 12 April 1990 – 30 November 1990 |
Leaders
First Secretary of the Communist Party of Tajikistan (1924–1991)
| No. | Picture | Name
(Birth–Death) |
Took office | Left office | Political party |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First Secretary | |||||
| 1 |  |
Chinor Emomov (1898–1939) |
1924 | 1927 | CPSU |
| 2 | |
Mumin Khojaev (?–?) |
1927 | 1928 | CPSU |
| 3 | |
Ali Shervoni (?–?) |
1928 | 1929 | CPSU |
| 4 |  |
Shirinsho Shotemur (1899–1937) |
1929 | 1930 | CPSU |
| 5 |  |
Mirza Huseynov (1894–1938) |
1930 | 1933 | CPSU |
| 6 | .svg) |
Grigory Broydo (1883–1956) |
1933 | 1934 | CPSU |
| 7 |  |
Suren Shadunts (1898–1938) |
1934 | 1936 | CPSU |
| 8 | .svg) |
Urunboi Ashurov (1903–1938) |
1936 | 1937 | CPSU |
| 9 |  |
Dmitri Protopopov (1897–1986) |
1937 | 1946 | CPSU |
| 10 | ,_Emblem_of_Tajikistan_(1991–1992).svg) |
Bobojon Ghafurov (1908–1977) |
1946 | 1956 | CPSU |
| 11 | |
Tursun Uljabayev (1916–1988) |
1956 | 1961 | CPSU |
| 12 | |
Dzhabar Rasulov (1913–1982) |
1961 | 1982 | CPSU |
| 13 | .jpg) |
Rahmon Nabiyev (1930–1993) |
1982 | 1985 | CPSU |
| 14 | |
Qahhor Mahkamov (1932–2016) |
1985 | 1991 | CPSU |
Second Secretaries
- Shirinsho Shotemur (1930–1932)[14]
- Ibrahim Ismailov (1932–1934)
- Saifullo Abdulloev (1936–1937)
- Petru Lucinschi (1986–1989)[15]
Chairman of the Communist Party of Tajikistan (1991–present)
| No. | Picture | Name
(Birth–Death) |
Took office | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chairman | ||||
| 1 |  |
Shodi Shabdolov
(1943–2023) |
4 September 1991 | 2 July 2016 |
| 2 |  |
Ismoil Talbakov (1955–2016) |
2 July 2016 | 17 December 2016 |
| 3 | |
Mirzoazim Nasimov (?–?) |
17 December 2016 | 22 April 2017 |
| 4 |  |
Miroj Abdulloyev (1948–2026) |
22 April 2017 | 7 April 2026 |
Presidents of the Republic of Tajikistan (1991–present)
| No. | Portrait | Name (Born–Died) |
Term | Political Party | Elected | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||||
| President | |||||||
| 1 | Qahhor Mahkamov (1932–2016) | 30 November 1990 | 31 August 1991 | 274 days | Communist | — | |
| – | Qadriddin Aslonov (1947–1992) Acting | 31 August 1991 | 23 September 1991 | 23 days | Communist | — | |
| 2 | Rahmon Nabiyev (1930–1993) | 23 September 1991 | 6 October 1991 | 13 days | Communist | — | |
| – | Akbarsho Iskandarov (born 1951) Acting | 6 October 1991 | 2 December 1991 | 57 days | Communist | — | |
| (2) | Rahmon Nabiyev (1930–1993) | 2 December 1991 | 7 September 1992 | 280 days | Communist | 1991 | |
| – | Akbarsho Iskandarov (born 1951) Acting | 7 September 1992 | 20 November 1992 | 13 days | Communist | — | |
| Chairman of the Supreme Assembly | |||||||
| – | Emomali Rahmonov (born 1952) | 20 November 1992 | 16 November 1994 | 1 year, 361 days | Independent | — | |
| President | |||||||
| 3 | Emomali Rahmon (born 1952) | 16 November 1994 | Incumbent | 31 years, 339 days | PDP | 1994 1999 2006 2013 2020 | |
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Vice President of Tajikistan
| Vice President | President | Entered office | Left office | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Izatullo Khayoyev | Qahhor Mahkamov | December 1990 | June 1991 | [16] |
| Narzullo Dustov | Rahmon Nabiyev | 2 December 1991 | May 1992 | [17] |
Prime Minister
- 1917–1918 Mukhamedzhan Tynyshpaev
- 1918 Mustafa Shokay
- 1918 Kichik Ergash
Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (1925–1929)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
| No. | Name | Term | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nusratulla Mahsum | 1925–1926 | Also known as Nusratullo Lutfullayev (1881–1937). Served as Chairman of the Revolutionary Committee (1924–1926). Executed during the Great Purge. Posthumously awarded Hero of Tajikistan in 2006. |
| 2 | Polat Usmon Khodzhayev | December 1926 – 1928 | |
| 3 | Mumin Khodzhayev | March 1928 – December 1929 |
Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic (1929–1991)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
| No. | Name | Term | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Abdurrahim Hojibayev | December 1929 – 28 December 1933 | (25 April 1900 – 25 January 1938). Born in Khujand. Died during the Great Purge. |
| 2 | Abdullo Rakhimbayev | 28 December 1933 – February 1937 | (1 June 1896 – 7 May 1938). Ethnic Uzbek, born in Tajikistan. Executed during Stalin's repressions. |
| 3 | Urunboi Ashurov | February – September 1937 | (1903–1938). Also served as First Secretary of the Communist Party of Tajikistan (1937–1938). |
| 4 | Mamdali Kurbanov | September 1937 – April 1946 | Rose from being a miner to become prime minister. |
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
| No. | Name | Term | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dzhabar Rasulov | April 1946 – 29 March 1955 | (10 July 1913 – 4 April 1982). Later served as First Secretary of the Communist Party of Tajikistan (1961–1982). |
| 2 | Tursun Uljabayev | 29 March 1955 – 25 May 1956 | (1 May 1916 – 31 May 1988). Later served as First Secretary of the Communist Party (1956–1961). Expelled from the party in 1961 over cotton production scandal. |
| 3 | Nazarsho Dodkhudoyev | 25 May 1956 – 12 April 1961 | (1915–2000). Lost his position in the purge that followed the cotton scandal. |
| 4 | Abdulakhad Kakharov | 12 April 1961 – 24 July 1973 | (born 17 April 1913). Soviet statesman and party figure. Awarded two Orders of Lenin. |
| 5 | Rahmon Nabiyev | 24 July 1973 – 20 April 1982[18] | (5 October 1930 – 11 April 1993). Later served as First Secretary (1982–1985) and President of Tajikistan (1991–1992). |
| 6 | Qahhor Mahkamov | 26 April 1982 – 26 January 1986 | (16 April 1932 – 8 June 2016). Later served as First Secretary (1985–1991) and first President of Tajikistan (1990–1991). |
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
- Qahhor Mahkamov (26 January 1986 – 26 January 1986)
- Izatullo Khayoyev (26 January 1986 – 6 December 1990)
Republic of Tajikistan (1991–present)
| No. | Portrait | Prime Minister | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Party |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Izatullo Khayoyev (1936–2015) | 25 June 1991 | 9 January 1992 | 198 days | Communist | |
| 2 | Akbar Mirzoyev[20] (born 1939) | 9 January 1992 | 21 September 1992 | 256 days | Independent | |
| 3 | Abdumalik Abdullajanov (born 1949) | 21 September 1992[21] | 18 December 1993 | 1 year, 88 days | People's Unity | |
| 4 | Abdujalil Samadov[23] (1949–2004) | 18 December 1993 | 2 December 1994 | 349 days | Independent | |
| 5 | Jamshed Karimov[25] (born 1940) | 2 December 1994 | 8 February 1996 | 1 year, 68 days | Independent | |
| 6 | Yahyo Azimov[27] (born 1947) | 8 February 1996 | 20 December 1999 | 3 years, 315 days | Independent | |
| 7 | Oqil Oqilov[29] (born 1944) | 20 December 1999 | 23 November 2013 | 13 years, 338 days | PDP | |
| 8 | Qohir Rasulzoda[31] (born 1961) | 23 November 2013 | Incumbent | 12 years, 332 days | PDP |
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Complete list of deputy prime ministers
The following is a list of all individuals who have held the office of Deputy Prime Minister of Tajikistan since 1991:
| Photo | Name | Term Start | Term End |
|---|---|---|---|
| Georgy Koshlakov | 1991 | 1991 | |
 |
Jamshed Karimov | January 1991 | July 1991 |
| Asadullo Gulomov | 2003 | December 1, 2006 | |
| Khayrinisso Yusufi[32] | 2004 | 2008 | |
| Murodali Alimardon[33] | 26 January 2008 | 1 April 2015 | |
| Ruqiya Qurbonova[34] | 26 January 2008 | November 23, 2013 | |
| Azim Ibrohim[35] | November 23, 2013 | August 30, 2020[36] | |
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Mahmadtohir Zokirzoda[37][38] | March 30, 2016 | January 21, 2020 |
| Matlubakhon Sattoriyon | November 3, 2020 | January 29, 2024 | |
 |
Sulaimon Ziyozoda | 26 January 2022[39] | Present |
| Dilrabo Mansuri Saidullo | 29 January 2024 | Present | |
_(cropped).jpg) |
Usmonali Usmonzoda | November 3, 2020 | Present |
List
- Jamshed Karimov (July 1991 - November 1992)[40]
- Mahmadsaid Ubaydulloyev (1994 - 28 March 1996)
- Yuri Ponosov (28 March 1996 – 18 February 1998)[41][42]
- Haji Akbar Turajanzade (18 February 1998 - 13 March 2005)[43]
- Asadullo Gulomov (December 1, 2006 - August 3, 2011)[44]
- Matlubkhon Davlatov (2012 - November 19, 2013)
- Davlatali Said (November 19, 2013 - January 5, 2023)
- Hokim Kholiqzoda (since January 16, 2024)[45]