Lichenin
Chemical compound
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Lichenin, also known as lichenan or moss starch, is a complex glucan occurring in certain species of lichens and grains. It can be extracted from Cetraria islandica (Iceland moss).[1] It has been studied since about 1957.[2]
| |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Other names
Lichenan; Moss starch | |
| Identifiers | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChemSpider |
|
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.014.323 |
PubChem CID |
|
| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
|
| Properties | |
| (C6H10O5)x | |
| Molar mass | Variable |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
| |
In oats and barley, lichenin can make up 6 to 8% of dry matter, whereas wheat and rye contain around 2% at the most.[3]
Because of its highly swelling nature, it produces a colloidal, gelatinous solution when boiled in water and subsequently cooled. Since humans lack the enzyme lichenase, and thus are unable to catabolize lichenin, it serves as dietary fiber. Lichenin is also used as a mucoactive agent.[4]
Structure
Chemically, lichenin is a mixed-linkage glucan, consisting of repeating glucose units linked by β-1,3 and β-1,4 glycosidic bonds.[1]
Uses
It is an important carbohydrate for reindeers and northern flying squirrels, which eat the lichen Bryoria fremontii.
It can be extracted by digesting Iceland moss in a cold, weak solution of carbonate of soda for some time, and then boiling. By this process the lichenin is dissolved and on cooling separates as a colorless jelly. Iodine imparts no color to it.[5]
Other uses of the name
In his 1960 novel Trouble with Lichen, John Wyndham gives the name Lichenin to a biochemical extract of lichen used to extend life expectancy beyond 300 years.
.svg){kind=small}
