Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh
Leader of the executive branch of Government of Himachal Pradesh
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The chief minister of Himachal Pradesh is the chief executive of the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. As per the Constitution of India, the governor is a state's de jure head, but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister. Following elections to the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly, the state's governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government. The governor appoints the chief minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly. Given that he has the confidence of the assembly, the chief minister's term is for five years and is subject to no term limits.[1][2] Chief Minister also serves as Leader of the House in the Legislative Assembly.[3]
Mr. Chief Minister (informal)
| Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh | |
|---|---|
| |
 | |
| Style | The Honourable (formal) Mr. Chief Minister (informal) |
| Type | Head of government |
| Status | Leader of the Executive |
| Abbreviation | CMoHP |
| Member of | |
| Reports to | |
| Residence | Oakover, Shimla |
| Seat | State Secretariat, Shimla |
| Appointer |
|
| Term length |
|
| Inaugural holder | Yashwant Singh Parmar |
| Formation | March 1952 |
| Deputy | Deputy Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh |
| Salary |
|
| Website | Official website |
Since 1952, seven people have been chief minister of Himachal Pradesh. Four of these belonged to the Indian National Congress party, including inaugural office-holder Yashwant Singh Parmar. After his first term ended in 1956, Himachal Pradesh was made a union territory, and the office of chief minister ceased to exist. In 1963, Parmar once again became chief minister, and during his reign, in 1971, Himachal regained full statehood. Until March 2015, when he was surpassed by Virbhadra Singh, Parmar was the state's longest-serving chief minister. Between 1993 and 2017, the chief ministership changed hands every five years between Virbhadra Singh of the Congress and Prem Kumar Dhumal of the Bharatiya Janata Party. All chief ministers, except Shanta Kumar, have been from the Rajput caste.[4][5]
Oath as the state chief minister
The chief minister serves five years in the office. The following is the oath of the chief minister of state:
I, <Name of Chief Minister>, do swear in the name of God/solemnly affirm that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the Constitution of India as by law established, that I will uphold the sovereignty and integrity of India, that I will faithfully and conscientiously discharge my duties as a Minister for the State of () and that I will do right to all manner of people in accordance with the Constitution and the law without fear or favour, affection or ill-will.
Oath of Secrecy
"I, [Name], do swear in the name of God / solemnly affirm that I will not directly or indirectly communicate or reveal to any person or persons any matter which shall be brought under my consideration or shall become known to me as a Minister for the State of [Name of State] except as may be required for the due discharge of my duties as such Minister."Pad ki Shapath (Oath of Office) "Main, [CM ka Naam], Ishwar ki shapath leta hoon / satyanishtha se pratigyan karta hoon ki main vidhi dwara sthapit Bharat ke Samvidhan ke prati sachi shraddha aur nishtha rakhunga. Main Bharat ki prabhuta aur akhandta akshunn rakhunga. Main [State ka Naam] ke Rajya ke Mukhya Mantri ke roop mein apne kartavyon ka shraddhapoorvak aur shuddh antahkaran se nirvahan karunga, tatha main bhay ya pakshpat, anurag ya dwesh ke bina, sabhi prakar ke logon ke prati Samvidhan aur vidhi ke anusar nyay karunga." B. Gopniyata ki Shapath (Oath of Secrecy) "Main, [CM ka Naam], Ishwar ki shapath leta hoon / satyanishtha se pratigyan karta hoon ki jo vishay [State ka Naam] ke Rajya ke Mukhya Mantri ke roop mein mere vichar ke liye laya jayega athva mujhe gyaat hoga, use kisi vyakti ya vyaktityon ko, tab ke sivay jab ki aise Mukhya Mantri ke roop mein apne kartavyon ke uchit nirvahan ke liye aisa karna apekshit ho, main pratyaksh (directly) ya apratyaksh (indirectly) roop mein sansuchit ya prakat nahi karunga."
Chief ministers of Himachal Pradesh (1952–56) and (1963–present)
The Chief Commissioner's Province of Himachal Pradesh was formed on 15 April 1948 through the integration of 30 erstwhile princely-states. In 1951, Himachal Pradejsh become a Part C state, under the Government of Part C State, 1951 and was brought under a lieutenant governor with 36-member Legislative Assembly. First elections to the Assembly were held in 1952.[6] The Indian National Congress won 24 seats to form a government under Yashwant Singh Parmar.
| Portrait | Name | Constituency | Term of office[7] | Assembly | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Anand Chand | N/A | 12 October 1948 | 26 January 1950 | 1 year, 106 days | N/A |
|
K.S. Himmatsinhji | N/A | 26 January 1950 | 1 July 1954 | 4 years, 156 days | N/A |
In 1954, Bilaspur, another part-C State, was merged with Himachal Pradesh. In 1956 it was made a Union Territory and was placed under a lieutenant governor with a Territorial Council with limited powers.[8]
| List of chief ministers of Himachal Pradesh (1951–56)
(Part 'C' State) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No[a] | Portrait | Name | Constituency | Term of office | Assembly
(election) |
Party[b] | |||
| From | To | Days in office | |||||||
| 1 | 
| Yashwant Singh Parmar | Pachhad | 8 March 1952 | 31 October 1956 | 4 years, 237 days | Legislative
Assembly |
Indian | |
| Office abolished, 1956–63
(Himachal Pradesh became a Union Territory) | |||||||||
In 1963, Himachal Pradesh though being a Union Territory was provided with a Legislative Assembly. The Territorial Council was converted into the Legislative Assembly of the Union Territory. The assembly has its first sitting on 1 October 1971.[6] On 18 December 1970, the State of Himachal Pradesh Act was passed by Parliament and the new state came into being on 25 January 1971. Thus Himachal Pradesh emerged as the 18th state of Indian Union.[9]
| List of chief ministers of Himachal Pradesh (1963–71)
(Union Territory with Legislature) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No[a] | Portrait | Name | Constituency | Term of office | Assembly
(election) |
Party[c] | |||
| From | To | Days in office | |||||||
| (1) | |
Yashwant Singh Parmar | Shri Renukaji | 1 July 1963 | 4 March 1967 | 7 years, 208 days | 1st
(Territorial Council) |
Indian National Congress | |
| 4 March 1967 | 25 January 1971 | 2nd
(1967) | |||||||
| List of chief ministers of Himachal Pradesh (1971–present)
(State) | |||||||||
| (1) |
| Yashwant Singh Parmar | Shri Renukaji | 25 January 1971 | 10 March 1972 | 6 years, 3 days | 2nd
(1967) |
Indian National Congress | |
| 10 March 1972 | 28 January 1977 | 3rd
(1972) | |||||||
| 2 | 
| Thakur Ram Lal | Jubbal-Kotkhai | 28 January 1977 | 30 April 1977 | 92 days | |||
| – |  |
Vacant[d] (President's rule) | N/A | 30 April 1977 | 22 June 1977 | 53 days | Dissolved | N/A | |
| 3 | 
| Shanta Kumar | Sullah | 22 June 1977 | 14 February 1980 | 2 years, 237 days | 4th
(1977) |
Janata Party | |
| (2) |
| Thakur Ram Lal | Jubbal-Kotkhai | 14 February 1980 | 15 June 1982 | 3 years, 53 days | Indian National Congress | ||
| 15 June 1982 | 8 April 1983 | 5th
(1982) | |||||||
| 4 | 
| Virbhadra Singh | Jubbal-Kotkhai | 8 April 1983 | 8 March 1985 | 6 years, 331 days | |||
| 8 March 1985 | 5 March 1990 | 6th
(1985) | |||||||
| (3) |
| Shanta Kumar | Palampur | 5 March 1990 | 15 December 1992 | 2 years, 285 days | 7th
(1990) |
Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| – | |
Vacant[d] (President's rule) | N/A | 15 December 1992 | 3 December 1993 | 353 days | Dissolved | N/A | |
| (4) |
| Virbhadra Singh | Rohru | 3 December 1993 | 24 March 1998 | 4 years, 111 days | 8th
(1993) |
Indian National Congress | |
| 5 | 
| Prem Kumar Dhumal | Bamsan | 24 March 1998 | 6 March 2003 | 4 years, 347 days | 9th
(1998) |
Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| (4) |
| Virbhadra Singh | Rohru | 6 March 2003 | 30 December 2007 | 4 years, 299 days | 10th
(2003) |
Indian National Congress | |
| (5) |
| Prem Kumar Dhumal | Bamsan | 30 December 2007 | 25 December 2012 | 4 years, 361 days | 11th
(2007) |
Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| (4) |
| Virbhadra Singh | Shimla Rural | 25 December 2012 | 27 December 2017 | 5 years, 2 days | 12th
(2012) |
Indian National Congress | |
| 6 | .jpg) |
Jai Ram Thakur | Seraj | 27 December 2017 | 11 December 2022 | 4 years, 349 days | 13th
(2017) |
Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| 7 |  |
Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu | Nadaun | 11 December 2022 | Incumbent | 3 years, 280 days | 14th
(2022) |
Indian National Congress | |
Statistics
Statistics for chief ministers of Himachal Pradesh
- Indian National Congress (68.4%)
- Bharatiya Janata Party (26.2%)
- Janata Party (3.93%)
- President's Rule (1.43%)
| # | Chief Minister | Party | Term of office | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Longest tenure | Total tenure | ||||
| 1 | Virbhadra Singh | INC | 6 years, 331 days | 21 years, 13 days | |
| 2 | Yashwant Singh Parmar | INC | 6 years, 3 days | 18 years, 83 days | |
| 3 | Prem Kumar Dhumal | BJP | 4 years, 361 days | 9 years, 343 days | |
| 4 | Shanta Kumar | JP/BJP | 2 years, 285 days | 5 years, 157 days | |
| 5 | Jai Ram Thakur | BJP | 4 years, 349 days | 4 years, 349 days | |
| 6 | Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu | INC | 3 years, 280 days | 3 years, 280 days | |
| 7 | Thakur Ram Lal | INC | 3 years, 53 days | 3 years, 145 days | |
Timeline
Notes
- Footnotes
- A number inside brackets indicates that the incumbent has previously held office.
- This column only names the chief minister's party. The state government he headed may have been a complex coalition of several parties and independents; these are not listed here.
- This column only names the chief minister's party. The state government he headed may have been a complex coalition of several parties and independents; these are not listed here.
- President's rule may be imposed when the "government in a state is not able to function as per the Constitution", which often happens because no party or coalition has a majority in the assembly. When President's rule is in force in a state, its council of ministers stands dissolved. The office of chief minister thus lies vacant, and the administration is taken over by the governor, who functions on behalf of the central government. At times, the legislative assembly also stands dissolved.[10]