| Name | Institution | Year |
| Charles G. Abbot (died 1973) |
Smithsonian Institution |
1915 |
| Charles Alcock |
Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian |
2001 |
| Lawrence H. Aller (died 2003) |
University of California, Los Angeles |
1962 |
| V. Ambartsumian (died 1996) |
Byurakan Astronomical Observatory |
1954 |
| J. Roger P. Angel |
University of Arizona |
2000 |
| David Arnett |
University of Arizona |
1985 |
| Horace W. Babcock (died 2003) |
Carnegie Institution for Science |
1954 |
| John N. Bahcall (died 2005) |
Institute for Advanced Study |
1976 |
| Neta A. Bahcall |
Princeton University |
1997 |
| Steven A. Balbus |
University of Oxford |
2015 |
| Mitchell C. Begelman |
University of Colorado Boulder |
2024 |
| S. Jocelyn Bell Burnell |
University of Oxford |
2005 |
| Lars Bildsten |
University of California, Santa Barbara |
2018 |
| James J. Binney |
University of Oxford |
2022 |
| Roger D. Blandford |
Stanford University |
2005 |
| John G. Bolton (died 1993) |
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization |
1980 |
| J. Richard Bond |
University of Toronto |
2011 |
| William J. Borucki |
NASA Ames Research Center |
2020 |
| E. Margaret Burbidge (died 2020) |
University of California, San Diego |
1978 |
| Bernard F. Burke (died 2018) |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
1970 |
| Adam S. Burrows |
Princeton University |
2015 |
| Daniela Calzetti |
University of Massachusetts at Amherst |
2020 |
| Claude R. Canizares |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
1993 |
| John E. Carlstrom |
The University of Chicago |
2002 |
| Catherine Cesarsky |
CEA Saclay |
2004 |
| S. Chandrasekhar (died 1995) |
The University of Chicago |
1955 |
| David Charbonneau |
Harvard University |
2017 |
| Roger A. Chevalier |
University of Virginia |
1996 |
| Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard |
Aarhus University |
2021 |
| George W. Clark (died 2023) |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
1980 |
| Gerald Clemence (died 1974) |
United States Naval Observatory |
1952 |
| Arthur D. Code (died 2009) |
University of Arizona |
1971 |
| Judith G. Cohen |
California Institute of Technology |
2017 |
| Marshall H. Cohen |
California Institute of Technology |
1984 |
| Stirling A. Colgate (died 2013) |
Los Alamos National Laboratory |
1984 |
| Francoise Combes |
Paris Observatory |
2023 |
| Alexander Dalgarno (died 2015) |
Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian |
2001 |
| Marc Davis |
University of California, Berkeley |
1991 |
| Raymond Davis Jr. (died 2006) |
University of Pennsylvania |
1982 |
| Gerard de Vaucouleurs (died 1995) |
The University of Texas at Austin |
1986 |
| Bruce T. Draine |
Princeton University |
2007 |
| Frank D. Drake (died 2022) |
SETI Institute |
1972 |
| Alan Dressler |
Carnegie Institution for Science |
1996 |
| Daniel Eisenstein |
Harvard University |
2014 |
| Ronald D. Ekers |
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization |
2018 |
| Richard S. Ellis |
University College London |
2024 |
| Sandra M. Faber |
University of California, Santa Cruz |
1985 |
| Andrew C. Fabian |
University of Cambridge |
2016 |
| George Field (died 2024) |
Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian |
1989 |
| Debra Ann Fischer |
Yale University |
2021 |
| Alexei V. Filippenko |
University of California, Berkeley |
2009 |
| Wendy L. Freedman |
The University of Chicago |
2003 |
| Kenneth C. Freeman |
Australian National University |
2017 |
| Herbert Friedman (died 2000) |
U.S. Naval Research Laboratory |
1960 |
| Neil Gehrels (died 2017) |
National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
2010 |
| Reinhard Genzel |
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics |
2000 |
| Andrea M. Ghez |
University of California, Los Angeles |
2004 |
| Riccardo Giacconi (died 2018) |
Johns Hopkins University |
1971 |
| Leo Goldberg (died 1987) |
Kitt Peak National Observatory |
1958 |
| Jesse L. Greenstein (died 2002) |
California Institute of Technology |
1957 |
| James E. Gunn |
Princeton University |
1977 |
| Fiona A. Harrison |
California Institute of Technology |
2014 |
| Lee Hartmann |
University of Michigan |
2024 |
| Stephen Hawking (died 2018) |
University of Cambridge |
1992 |
| Chushiro Hayashi (died 2010) |
Kyoto University |
1989 |
| Martha P. Haynes |
Cornell University |
2000 |
| Timothy M. Heckman |
Johns Hopkins University |
2016 |
| D. S. Heeschen (died 2012) |
National Radio Astronomy Observatory |
1971 |
| Carl E. Heiles |
University of California, Berkeley |
1990 |
| George H. Herbig (died 2013) |
University of Hawaii at Manoa |
1964 |
| Lars E. Hernquist |
Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian |
2008 |
| Fred Hoyle (died 2001) |
University of Cambridge |
1969 |
| John P. Huchra (died 2010) |
Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian |
1993 |
| Icko Iben Jr. (died 2025) |
University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign |
1985 |
| David C. Jewitt |
University of California, Los Angeles |
2005 |
| Christine A. Jones Forman |
Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian |
2023 |
| Steven M. Kahn |
University of California, Berkeley |
2025 |
| Victoria M. Kaspi |
McGill University |
2010 |
| K. I. Kellermann |
National Radio Astronomy Observatory |
1975 |
| Robert C. Kennicutt Jr. |
Texas A&M University |
2006 |
| Lisa J. Kewley |
Australian National University |
2021 |
| Ivan King (died 2021) |
University of Washington |
1982 |
| Robert P. Kirshner |
Thirty Meter Telescope International Observatory |
1998 |
| John Kormendy |
The University of Texas at Austin |
2020 |
| Chryssa Kouveliotou |
The George Washington University |
2013 |
| Robert P. Kraft (died 2015) |
University of California, Santa Cruz |
1971 |
| Shrinivas R. Kulkarni |
California Institute of Technology |
2003 |
| R. B. Leighton (died 1997) |
California Institute of Technology |
1966 |
| Frank J. Low (died 2009) |
University of Arizona |
1974 |
| Willem J. Luyten (died 1994) |
University of Minnesota |
1970 |
| Donald Lynden-Bell (died 2018) |
University of Cambridge |
1990 |
| Roger Lynds (died 2023) |
National Optical Astronomy Observatory |
1974 |
| Chung-Pei Ma |
University of California, Berkeley |
2022 |
| Claire E. Max |
University of California, Santa Cruz |
2008 |
| Nicholas U. Mayall (died 1993) |
Kitt Peak National Observatory |
1949 |
| Michel G. Mayor |
University of Geneva |
2010 |
| Richard A. McCray (died 2021) |
University of Colorado at Boulder |
1989 |
| Christopher F. McKee |
University of California, Berkeley |
1992 |
| Maura A. McLaughlin |
West Virginia University |
2024 |
| Péter István Mészáros |
The Pennsylvania State University - University Park |
2021 |
| William B. McKinnon |
Washington University in St. Louis |
2023 |
| Dimitri Mihalas (died 2013) |
Los Alamos National Laboratory |
1981 |
| James M. Moran |
Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian |
1998 |
| W. W. Morgan (died 1994) |
Yerkes Observatory |
1956 |
| Samuel Harvey Moseley Jr. |
Quantum Circuits |
2023 |
| Guido Münch (died 2020) |
California Institute of Technology |
1967 |
| Norman W. Murray |
University of Toronto |
2025 |
| Ramesh Narayan |
Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian |
2013 |
| Jerry E. Nelson (died 2017) |
University of California, Santa Cruz |
1996 |
| Gerry Neugebauer (died 2014) |
California Institute of Technology |
1973 |
| Otto E. Neugebauer (died 1990) |
Institute for Advanced Study |
1977 |
| Jan H. Oort (died 1992) |
Sterrewacht-Huygens Laboratorium of the Netherlands |
1953 |
| Ernst J. Öpik (died 1985) |
Armagh Observatory |
1975 |
| Donald E. Osterbrock (died 2007) |
University of California, Santa Cruz |
1966 |
| Eve C. Ostriker |
Princeton University |
2022 |
| Jeremiah P. Ostriker (died 2025) |
Princeton University |
1974 |
| Bohdan Paczyński (died 2007) |
Princeton University |
1984 |
| Eugene N. Parker (died 2022) |
University of Chicago |
1967 |
| P. James E. Peebles |
Princeton University |
1988 |
| Manuel Peimbert |
Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico |
1987 |
| Arno A. Penzias (died 2024) |
New Enterprise Associates |
1975 |
| C. H. F. Peters (died 1890) |
Hamilton College |
1876 |
| George W. Preston |
Carnegie Institution for Science |
1977 |
| Eliot Quataert |
Princeton University |
2020 |
| V. Radhakrishnan (died 2011) |
Raman Research Institute |
1996 |
| Anthony C. Readhead |
California Institute of Technology |
1995 |
| Martin J. Rees |
Trinity College, Cambridge |
1982 |
| Mark J. Reid |
Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian |
2019 |
| George H. Rieke |
University of Arizona |
2011 |
| Marcia J. Rieke |
University of Arizona |
2012 |
| Adam G. Riess |
Johns Hopkins University |
2009 |
| Morton S. Roberts (died 2024) |
National Radio Astronomy Observatory |
1983 |
| Luis F. Rodríguez |
Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico |
2008 |
| Vera C. Rubin (died 2016) |
Carnegie Institution for Science |
1981 |
| Martin Ryle (died 1984) |
University of Cambridge |
1975 |
| E. E. Salpeter (died 2008) |
Cornell University |
1967 |
| Anneila I. Sargent |
California Institute of Technology |
2021 |
| Wallace L. W. Sargent (died 2012) |
California Institute of Technology |
2005 |
| Paul L. Schechter |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
2003 |
| Brian P. Schmidt |
Australian National University |
2008 |
| Maarten Schmidt (died 2022) |
California Institute of Technology |
1978 |
| Martin Schwarzschild (died 1997) |
Princeton University |
1956 |
| Nicholas Z. Scoville |
California Institute of Technology |
2022 |
| Sara Seager |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
2015 |
| Michael J. Seaton (died 2007) |
University of London |
1986 |
| Uroš Seljak |
University of California, Berkeley |
2019 |
| Irwin I. Shapiro |
Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian |
1974 |
| Stephen A. Shectman |
Carnegie Institution for Science |
2014 |
| I. S. Shklovsky (died 1985) |
Russian Academy of Sciences |
1973 |
| Frank H. Shu (died 2023) |
National Tsinghua University |
1987 |
| David N. Spergel |
Simons Foundation |
2007 |
| Hyron Spinrad (died 2015) |
University of California, Berkeley |
1988 |
| Lyman Spitzer Jr. (died 1997) |
Princeton University |
1952 |
| Volker Springel |
Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics |
2007 |
| Charles C. Steidel |
California Institute of Technology |
2006 |
| James M. Stone |
Institute for Advanced Study |
2022 |
| Bengt Strömgren (died 1987) |
University of Copenhagen |
1971 |
| Rashid A. Sunyaev |
Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics |
1991 |
| Alexander S. Szalay |
Johns Hopkins University |
2023 |
| Yasuo Tanaka (died 2018) |
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics |
1998 |
| Harvey D. Tananbaum |
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory |
2005 |
| Patrick Thaddeus (died 2017) |
Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian |
1987 |
| Joseph H. Taylor Jr. |
Princeton University |
1981 |
| Alan M. Title (died 2026) |
Lockheed Martin Space Technology Advanced R&D Labs |
2004 |
| John L. Tonry |
University of Hawaii at Manoa |
2018 |
| Alar Toomre |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
1983 |
| Richard Tousey (died 1997) |
Naval Research Laboratory |
1960 |
| Scott D. Tremaine |
Institute for Advanced Study |
2002 |
| Robert J. Trumpler (died 1956) |
Lick Observatory |
1932 |
| J. Anthony Tyson |
University of California, Davis |
1997 |
| Andrzej Udalski |
Warsaw University |
2012 |
| C. Megan Urry |
Yale University |
2016 |
| Hendrik C. van de Hulst (died 2000) |
Sterrewacht-Huygens Laboratorium of the Netherlands |
1977 |
| Ewine F. van Dishoeck |
Leiden University |
2001 |
| Risa H. Wechsler |
Stanford University |
2025 |
| David H. Weinberg |
The Ohio State University |
2023 |
| William (Jack) Welch (died 2024) |
University of California, Berkeley |
1999 |
| Ray J. Weymann |
Carnegie Institution for Science |
1984 |
| Fred L. Whipple (died 2004) |
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory |
1959 |
| Simon D. M. White |
Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics |
2007 |
| Albert E. Whitford (died 2002) |
University of California, Santa Cruz |
1954 |
| Olin C. Wilson (died 1994) |
Carnegie Institution of Washington |
1960 |
| Robert W. Wilson |
Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian |
1979 |
| Edward Wright |
University of California, Los Angeles |
2011 |
| Rosemary F. Wyse |
Johns Hopkins University |
2025 |
| Yakov Zeldovich (died 1987) |
Russian Academy of Sciences |
1979 |