Médan

In the ninth century, the village was known as Magedon, and consisted of a feudal manor and 24 small houses.

The castle of Médan was built in the late fifteenth century. During the Renaissance, the castle was frequented by Pierre de Ronsard and the poets of the Pléiade (Du Bellay, Baïf ...) who came to hunt and write poems. Paul Cézanne painted it three times from 1879 to 1881.

Maurice Maeterlinck, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1911, moved to the castle in 1924 where he wrote La vie des Termites and L’Araignée de verre. The castle, abandoned after World War II and then damaged by fire in 1956, has been on the national registry of historical monuments since 1926. The newspaper «Combat» was printed there from 1966 to 1974. Today, the restored property is in private hands and open for visits by appointment only.

Thanks to the success of L’Assommoir, French writer Émile Zola acquired a house in Médan in May 1878 that he referred to as a "rabbit hutch". Over three years, he transformed it into a manor house where he led a relaxed lifestyle, with his garden and farm. He designed the park of which he always dreamed.

During the summer in Médan, Zola hosted Cézanne, his childhood friend, and other artists such as Édouard Manet and Camille Pissarro, and naturalist writers such as Alphonse Daudet, Guy de Maupassant and J.K. Huysmans. The writers combined their efforts in a literary collection entitled Les soirées de Médan (Médan Evenings) (1880) named after the amusing evenings they had spent in Zola's home. Zola split his time between Médan and Paris, where he died on 28 September 1902.

In 1905, Alexandrine Zola, his widow, donated the house to a newly created Zola Foundation. It served as a convalescent home for children and eventually a nursing school before being turned into a museum in 1985. The property was taken in hand by the Association pour la Rayonnement de l'Œuvre d'Émile Zola (Association for the Promulgation of the Works of Émile Zola) in 1998. The Association, led by financier Pierre Bergé and his partner, fashion designer Yves St. Laurent, spearheaded efforts to restore the house, develop the museum, and add a wing dedicated to Alfred Dreyfus. Some 10,000 people visited the house and garden annually in the 2000s.

The Zola–Dreyfus Project construction led to closing the house to visits in 2011 for an anticipated four years. The project includes renovation of Émile Zola's house and the creation of the Dreyfus Museum, which will be a place for exhibiting and teaching, for debates and reflection, for memory and vigilance.

• Communes of the Yvelines department