Mas'ud III of Ghazni
Ghaznavid sultan from 1099 to 1115
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Mas'ūd III of Ghazna (b. 1061 – d. 1115), was a sultan of the Ghaznavid Empire and son of the Ghaznavid sultan, Ibrahim of Ghazna
Ghazni
Ghaznavid Empire
| Mas'ūd III of Ghazna | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ghaznavid Sultan Ala ad-Dawlah علاء الدولہ (Blessing of the State) Jalāl ad-Dīn[1] Nizam ad-Dīn wa-d-Dunyā[1] Nāsir Khalīfat Allāh[1] | |||||
| |||||
| Sultan of Ghaznavid Empire | |||||
| Reign | 25 August 1099 – March 1115 | ||||
| Predecessor | Ibrahim | ||||
| Successor | Shir-Zad | ||||
| Born | c. 1061 Ghazni Ghaznavid Empire | ||||
| Died | March 1115 (aged 53–54) Ghaznavid Empire | ||||
| Spouse | Fülane Khatun Gawhar Khatun | ||||
| Issue | Shir-Zad of Ghazna Arslan-Shah of Ghazna Bahram-Shah of Ghazna | ||||
| |||||
| House | Ghaznavid Dynasty | ||||
| Father | Ibrahim | ||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||
Life
Mas'ūd bin Ibrahim was born in 1061 in Ghazni.[2] Prior to his reign, in 1082-83, Mas'ūd III married Seljuk princess Mahd-i 'Iraq Jauhar Khatun bint Malik Shah.
Reign
Mas'ud III's reign spanned 16 years (1099-1115). He primarily ruled over the territories of Afghanistan, Northwest India, and Pakistan. He struck coins in the name of Caliph Al-Mustazhir and continued the Ghaznavid policy of acknowledging the supremacy of the Abbasid Caliphate, with its capital in Baghdad. Friendly relations were maintained with the eastern Seljuks during his reign.[3][4]
In 1112, Mas'ūd III built the Palace of Sultan Mas'ud III in Ghazni, Afghanistan. Mas'ūd III was also responsible for the construction of one of the two "Towers of Victory",[5] also known as the Minarets of Ghazni.[6][7][8]
Following Sultan Mas'ūd III's death in 1115, a four-year period of increased instability ensued due to the internal struggle for succession amongst his sons, Shīr-Zād (r. 1115-1116), Malik Arslan (r. 1116-1117), and Bahrām Shāh (r. 1117-1157)[3]. With the assistance and political backing of the eastern Seljuk sultan Sunjar Bahram, Shāh defeated his brother Arslan and ascended the throne as a Seljuk vassal following the Battle of Ghazni in 1117. [9][3]
Architecture
Minaret of Mas'ud III in Ghazni
Mas'ud III b. Ibrahim Ghazni minaret, Ghazni, built between 1099 and 1115 CE
Detail of the intricate brickwork on the Mas'ud III Tower
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Palace of Mas'ud III in Ghazni
Remains of the palace, to the east of Ghazni.
Ghaznavid panel from the reign of Mas ud III 1100-1150 CE
Carved relief from the Palace of Sultan Mas'ud III
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