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Mona Hanna

American pediatrician who uncovered the Flint water crisis From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Mona Hanna (born 9 December 1976),[1][2][3] formerly known as Mona Hanna-Attisha,[4] is a pediatrician, professor, and public health advocate whose research exposed the Flint water crisis. In January 2024, she launched the first-in-the-nation community-wide universal prenatal and infant cash prescription program, Rx Kids.[5] She is the author of the 2018 book What the Eyes Don't See, which The New York Times named as one of the 100 most notable books of the year.[6]

Born
Mona Hanna

(1976-12-09) 9 December 1976 (age 49)
Othernames
  • Dr. Mona
  • Mona Hanna-Attisha
OccupationsPediatrician and professor
Quick facts Born, Other names ...
Mona Hanna
Born
Mona Hanna

(1976-12-09) 9 December 1976 (age 49)
Other names
  • Dr. Mona
  • Mona Hanna-Attisha
EducationUniversity of Michigan (B.S., M.P.H)
Michigan State University (M.D.)
OccupationsPediatrician and professor
Employer(s)Michigan State University (professor)
Hurley Medical Center (pediatrician)
Known forUncovering the Flint water crisis
Awards
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Early life

Childhood and family

Born Mona Hanna in Sheffield, England, her parents are Iraqi scientists and dissidents who fled during the Baath regime.[7]

Education

She grew up in Royal Oak, Michigan and graduated from Kimball High School.[8] Hanna received her Bachelor of Science from University of Michigan School for Environment and Sustainability, her Master of Public Health degree in Health Management and Policy from the University of Michigan School of Public Health, and her medical degree from Michigan State University College of Human Medicine.

Residency

She completed her residency and chief residency at Wayne State University/Children's Hospital of Michigan.[9]

Career

In 2009, Hanna served as the associate pediatric program director at Children's Hospital of Michigan where she supervised over 100 residents, the development of academic curriculums, online education platform implementation, recruitment of residents, and participated in program committees.[10]

Hanna was appointed director of Hurley Medical Center's pediatric residency program in 2011; there, she continued to supervise residents, develop instruction for students and a 'master clinical teacher series' for faculty.[10][11][12] In 2012, Hanna was elected to the Michigan Board of Directors for the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP).[13]

In 2013, Hanna was named a member of the Public Health Code Advisory Committee who was called upon by then Michigan Governor Rick Snyder to complete a comprehensive review of the then 35-year-old Michigan Public Health Code.[14]

Hanna spoke at MSU Rx in 2014, an event modeled after TEDx, where she shared a presentation titled "What do you want to be when you grow up?" which focused on questions and challenges common to healthcare professionals and teachers working in urban settings like Flint, MI.[15][16]

In 2015, Hanna led an effort to focus on "prevention and nutrition, along with care for children when they are sick" by moving the Hurley Children's Clinic to be co-located atop the Flint Farmers' Market where health professionals could "suggest fresh foods to purchase and guide [patients] through the process."[17] She received Michigan State University's William B. Weil, Jr., MD Endowed Distinguished Pediatric Faculty Award after being nominated by her peers in recognition "for many years showing outstanding professional and clinical service to the children of our State, to our medical students and Residents, to our Department, the College and the University."[18][19]

In late 2015, Elin Warn Betanzo, an engineer and certified water operator and a personal friend of Hanna, shared that there was a lack of proper drinking water treatment in Flint, Michigan and an increased potential for lead in the city's water after a recent water source change and that action was not being taken by officials.[20][21] Hanna learned that Marc Edwards, a civil engineering/environmental engineer from Virginia Tech, had come to Flint in March 2015 and found that the lack of corrosion inhibitors in the new Flint water source was causing corrosion of water pipes and leaching of lead into drinking water.[22] Upon hearing about the possibility of lead in the water, she began a new research study using data available in electronic medical records.[23]

Her study found that the percentage of children in Flint with over 5 micrograms per deciliter of lead in their blood increased from 2.1 percent to 4 percent after the city's water source changed from Lake Huron to the Flint River and that the areas of Flint with the highest water lead levels showed "the most drastic increases in elevated lead levels in children."[24][25][26]

Due to the public health implications, she revealed her findings publicly and advocated for action at a 24 September 2015 press conference before her research was scientifically peer-reviewed.[27][28] The next day, Flint issued a health advisory for residents, particularly children, to minimize exposure to Flint tap water.[29] Hanna's research and findings were criticized by the spokesperson for the State of Michigan's Department of Environmental Quality who accused her of being an "unfortunate researcher," "splicing and dicing numbers," and causing "near hysteria."[30][31][32] About ten days later, after the Detroit Free Press published its own findings consistent with those found by Hanna, she then engaged in one-on-one conversations with Michigan's chief medical officer–the State of Michigan backed down and concurred with her findings.[33][34] Later, at a press conference in which the State of Michigan acknowledged the lead-in-water crisis, Department of Environmental Quality officials apologized to Hanna.[35] In addition, Hanna was appointed by Michigan Governor Rick Snyder's executive order to the Flint Water Interagency Coordinating Committee and Michigan Child Lead Poisoning Elimination Board in response to the Flint water crisis and the Michigan Public Health Commission.[36][37][38]

On January 14, 2016, Michigan State University and the Hurley Children's Hospital announced that Hanna would lead a new Pediatric Public Health Initiative to partner with experts and clinicians to help the children of Flint who had been exposed to lead—the program serves as a center for excellence and a national resources for best practices related to lead exposure.[39][40][41] In Governor Snyder's January 19 2016 State of the State address, he publicly thanked Hanna and Edwards for sounding the alarm about the Flint water crisis.[42][43] In late January, the Community Foundation of Greater Flint announced that Hanna and a group of community members had established the Flint Child Health and Development Fund to accept charitable contributions nationwide "to support both short and long term needs of Flint's children exposed to lead."[44] In one year, the fund raised over $17 million and awarded over $2 million in grants directly supporting Flint kids' health and development.[45] Hanna's findings were published in the February 2016 volume of American Journal of Public Health.[46] She testified again in April 2016 before the U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on Environment and the Economy and Subcommittee on Health regarding the need for federal action to help increase access to care and provide relief to the people impacted by the man-made disaster resulting from the Flint water crisis.[47][48] In July 2016, her research findings were confirmed in a Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report published by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and is recognized as an underestimate of exposure.[49] Eventually, in part due to Hanna's advocacy, $100 million in federal dollars was allocated to Flint in addition to approximately $250 million in state dollars to address the crisis.[50]

In January 2017, Hanna received a grant from the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services to lay the groundwork for the Flint Registry.[51] She has served as the principal investigator of the registry, which has grown into a congressionally-funded and CDC-supported public health program that helps provide long-term surveillance of and support to Flint water crisis victims.[52] In March 2017, Hanna was named vice-chair of Michigan Governor Rick Snyder's Child Lead Exposure Elimination Commission.[53]

In 2018, Hanna's book, What the Eyes Don't See, was published by Random House imprint One World by editor-in-chief Chris Jackson.[54] Her book has been described as a dramatic first-hand account of the Flint Water Crisis with the "gripping intrigue of a Grisham thriller."[55][56] In addition to positive reviews in the New York Times, the New York Times Book Review, and the Washington Post, What the Eyes Don't See was named a New York Times 100 Notable Book of 2018 and the Best Science Book of 2018 by NPR's Science Friday.[57][58][59][60] Portions of the proceeds of her book are donated to the Flint Child Health and Development Fund.[61] Anonymous Content optioned the book rights to make a movie, to be produced by Michael Sugar and Rosalie Swedlin, and written/directed by Cherien Dabis.[62]

In 2019, Hanna's book was named a Michigan Notable Book of 2019.[63] What the Eyes Don't See was also selected as the common read for the Great Michigan Read, Reading Across Rhode Island, and One Maryland One Book as well as dozens of university common read programs.[64][65][66][67]

In February 2020, Hanna testified before the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Environment and Climate Change that proposed revisions to the EPA's Lead and Copper Rule were "minimalistic and insufficient" and that "the proposed revisions do not fix these underlying issues, and will not address the national public health crisis of lead in our drinking water delivery system swiftly enough."[68] In July 2020, Hanna was named a C.S. Mott Endowed Professor of Public Health at the Michigan State University College of Human Medicine.[69] She was also appointed to co-chair Michigan Governor Gretchen Whitmer's Protect Michigan Commission.[70]

In April 2021, Hanna testified before the U.S. House of Representatives' Committee on Ways and Means to advocate for action related to the state of the nation's drinking water infrastructure and the need to eliminate lead pipes.[71][72]

In February 2022, Hanna testified before the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Ways and Means Subcommittee on Select Revenue Measures that the "state of our drinking water infrastructure is a public health crisis" for the nation and the importance of the Infrastructure Investment and Job Act to the elimination of lead pipes.[73][74]

In March 2023, Hanna was named the Associate Dean for Public Health in the College of Human Medicine at Michigan State University.[75]

In April 2023, the Charles Stewart Mott Foundation awarded a grant to help Hanna lead Rx Kids, the first community-wide program in the U.S. designed to address poverty as a root cause of health disparities through the provision of unconditional cash allowances to pregnant moms and babies in Flint, Michigan.[76]

Rx Kids was created in response to research showing that household income typically declines before childbirth while poverty rates rise during the first year of a child's life.[77][78][79] Rx Kids was launched following evidence from the 2021 expansion of the Child Tax Credit, which reduced child poverty to a record low, and reflects Dr. Mona Hanna's view that poverty prevention is a form of medicine.[80][81] The program provides $1,500 in cash during pregnancy and $500 per month during infancy as a guaranteed income intervention designed to reduce poverty during early childhood and support maternal and infant health.[81]

In August 2024, Rx Kids announced the city of Kalamazoo as its first expansion community, with the program projected to reach approximately 800 births annually.[82] Enrollment opened on February 1, 2025.[83] In 2025, Hanna expanded Rx Kids to additional communities across Michigan, including counties in the Upper Peninsula as well as municipalities in the Detroit and Lansing metropolitan areas.[84][85][86][87][88][89]

By June 2025, Rx Kids reported having distributed over $10 million in direct cash assistance to Michigan families.[90] Preliminary data released in July 2025 indicated associated improvements in participating communities, including increased food security, reductions in housing instability, and lower rates of adverse infant health outcomes such as preterm birth.[91]

In October 2025, the state of Michigan allocated $270 million to expand the program statewide over three years, with an estimated goal of reaching approximately 100,000 babies.[92][93]

Between January and May 2026, Rx Kids expanded to additional communities across Michigan.[94] Detroit became the largest participating city, serving an estimated 8,000 newborns annually.[95] The program also expanded across the Upper Peninsula, adding multiple rural counties, and enrollment opened in additional communities including Montmorency County, Mount Clemens, and Center Line.[96][97] The expansion brought the program to more than 60 communities statewide, reaching an estimated 23,000 births per year.[98]

Program evaluations reported improvements in birth outcomes, including reductions in preterm birth, low birth weight, and NICU admissions, as well as increased measures of household financial stability and reduced reports of infant maltreatment investigations.[99] Economic analyses also indicated increased local spending in participating communities.[100]

Awards and honors

2016

2017

2018

2019

  • Vilcek-Gold Award for Humanism in Healthcare in 2019.[123] The award is a joint award presented in partnership between The Vilcek Foundation and the Arnold P. Gold Foundation. The award is bestowed to a foreign-born individual in the United States who has demonstrated an extraordinary impact on humanism in healthcare through their professional achievements.

2020

2021

2022

  • Excellence in Instruction Award, Michigan State University & Hurley Children's Hospital Pediatric Public Health Initiative[citation needed]
  • John P. McGovern Award, Medical Library Association[133]
  • Inaugural Bernard Lown Award for Social Responsibility, Lown Institute[134]
  • Inaugural Social Justice Medicine in Action Award - The Blue Flame, Columbia University Postbac Premed Student Council, Social Justice Medicine Club[citation needed]

2024

  • National Humanism in Medicine Medal from the Arnold P. Gold Foundation[135]

2025

  • USA Today 2025 Women of the Year for her leadership in children's public health, including her work on the Flint water crisis and the creation of the Rx Kids program.[136]

2026

  • Time100 Health Award for leadership in founding Rx Kids, a maternal and infant cash assistance program that provides unconditional payments during pregnancy and early infancy to improve health and economic stability for families.[137]

Personal life

Hanna is a first-generation Iraqi-American immigrant who has two daughters.[138][139]

Bibliography

Books

  • Hanna-Attisha, Mona (2018). What the eyes don't see : a story of crisis, resistance, and hope in an American city. One World.

Reports and policy publications

Peer-reviewed academic works

References

Further reading

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