Mudra (music)
Term woven into compositions in Indian classical music
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In Indian classical music, particularly Carnatic music, a mudra (IAST: Mudrā; Sanskrit for sign or symbol) is a term woven into compositions that indicates the identity of the composer, a patron, the raga, tala, or style. A composer might use his own name or a pseudonym.[1] Not all composers have mudras, and they do not necessarily relate to the composer's name.[2][3]
List of mudras
Hindustani musicians
| Mudra (English) | Mudra (Devanagari) | Musician | Translation | Gharana | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adā-ranga | अदारंग | Firoz Khān of Delhi | "Colors of Grace." | Seniya
Qawwal Bacche || 18th-century dhrupadiya in Rangile's Court.[4] | |
| Ashiq-rang | आशिक रंग | Mir Saleh | "Colors of Lover | Qawwal Bacche | |
| Achpal | अच्पल | Sheikh Ajmal Khan Sahab | Qawwal Bacche | Bahadur Shah Zafar Teacher | |
| Abhī-raṅga | अभीरंग | Abhijith Shenoy Kerki | "Colors of fearlessness." | Gwalior, Agra, Atrauli | |
| Ālama | आलम | Ālamara Begum Khāsmahal | |||
| Ahmeda-piyā | अहमदपिया | Alladiya Khan | "Lover of Ahmed." | Jaipur-Atrauli | |
| Akhtara-piyā | अख़्तरपिया | Wajid Ali Shah | |||
| Amara, Amara-piyā | अमर, अमरपिया | Aman Ali Khan | Bhendi-Bazaar | ||
| Amaradāsa, Amara-piyā | अमरदास, अमरपिया | Navrang Nagpurkar | Bhendi-Bazaar | ||
| Ānanda | आनन्द | Pralhad Ganu | Agra, Atrauli | ||
| Ananga-raṅga | अनंगरंग | Acharya Brihaspati | |||
| Azīza-piyā | अज़ीजपिया | Mehboob Baksh Khan | Agra | ||
| Bhāva-raṅga | भावरंग | Balwantrai Bhatt | Gwalior | ||
| Bindā | बिन्दा | Bindadin Maharaj | Lucknow | ||
| Chakra-piyā | चक्रपिया | Chakradhar Singh | |||
| Chānda-piyā | चान्दपिया | Chand Khan | Delhi[5] | ||
| Chatura, Chatura Pandit | चतुर, चतुरपण्डित | Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande | Rampur | ||
| Chita-Ānanda | चित-आनन्द | Chidanand Nagarkar | "Elated consciousness." | Agra[6] | |
| Darasa-piyā | दरसपिया | Mehboob Khān of Agra | Agra[7] | ||
| Darasa-piyā | दरसपिया | Shafi Ahmed Khān of Atrauli | Atrauli[8] | ||
| Darpaṇa | दर्पण | Yunus Hussain Khan | "Mirror." | Agra, Atrauli | |
| Deva-raṅga | देवरंग | Daibashish Gangopadhyay | "Divine Colors." | Musician, Composer, Music director | |
| Dhyāna-raṅga-piyā | ध्यानरंगपिया | Mani Prasad | Kirana | ||
| Dila-raṅga | दिलरंग | Azmat Hussain Khan | "Colors of the Heart." | Khurja, Atrauli | |
| Dina-raṅga | दिनरंग | Dinkar Kaikini | "Colors of the Day." | Agra, Atrauli | |
| Gaan-guni | गान-गुणी | B.Krishna Bhat | Gwalior | ||
| Gauhara, Gauharapyari | गौहर, गौहरप्यारी | Gauhar Jaan | |||
| Guṇa-piyā | गुणपिया | Chhota Gandharva | "Lover of Qualities." | ||
| Guṇa-raṅga | गुणरंग[9] | Fayyaz Ahmad Khan | "Colors of Qualities." | Kirana | |
| Guṇi-dāsa | गुणीदास | Jagganathbuwa Purohit | "Servant of Qualities." | Agra, Atrauli | |
| Guṇi-jāna | गुणीजान | CR Vyas | Gwalior, Agra, Atrauli | ||
| Guṇiye | गुणिये | Vasantrao Kulkarni | Gwalior, Agra, Atrauli | ||
| Guru-raṅga | गुरुरंग[10] | Vrajotsavji Maharaj][11] | |||
| Gyāna-raṅga | ज्ञानरंग | Aarshin Karande[12] | Mewati | ||
| Govinda | गोविंद | Govindrao Dantale | Mewati | ||
| Hara-raṅga | हररंग | Muhammad Ali Khan | |||
| Hara-raṅga | हररंग | Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande | Rampur | Musicologist. | |
| Hari-priyā | हरिप्रिया | Harishchandra Bali | Agra, Atrauli | ||
| Hinga-raṅga | हिंगरंग | Hussain Ali Khan[13] | "Colors of Hinga." | Kirana | |
| Ināyata, Ināyata-piyā | इनायत, इनायतपिया | Inayat Hussain Khan | "Lover of Inayat." | Rampur-Sahaswan | |
| Ibrāhīm-piyā | इब्राहीमपिया | Ibrahim Khan of Tonk | Rampur-Sahaswan | ||
| Jasa | जस | Pandit Jasraj | "Glory." | Mewati | |
| Jyōti-raṅga | ज्योतिरंग | Rajaram Shukla | |||
| Khush-rang | खुशरंग | Ustad Muzaffar Khan | Sikanderabad Delhi Gharana | ||
| Khusha-raṅga | ख़ुशरंग | Aslam Hussain Khan | Hapur, Khurja | ||
| Kharaharapriya-dāsa | खरहरप्रियादास[14] | Bholanath Bhatt | Benares | ||
| Krishṇa-dāsa | कृष्णदास | Master Krishnarao | Gwalior, Agra, Jaipur-Atrauli, Kirana | ||
| Lalana-piyā | ललनपिया | Nandalal Sharma | |||
| Lāla-raṅga | लालरंग | Chaman Lal Varma | |||
| Madhura-piyā | मधुरपिया | Gokulotsavji Maharaj | |||
| Magana | मगन | Chinmoy Lahiri | Agra, Atrauli | ||
| Magana-piyā | मगनपिया | Mashiyat Khan | Agra | ||
| Manahara | मनहर | Murli Manohar Shukla | |||
| Manahara-piyā | मनहरपिया | Abdullah Khan | Agra, Atrauli | ||
| Manahara-piyā | मनहरपिया | Prem Prakash Johri | |||
| Mana-raṅga | मनरंग | Bhupat Khan | Seniya | ||
| Mana-rang | मनरंग | Maste Khan
Sheikh Mazhar |
Qawwal Bacche
Sikandrabad |
||
| Mana-raṅga | मनरंग | Mahawat Khan of Jaipur | |||
| Manapiya | मनपिया | Pamalka Karunanayake of Sri Lanka | |||
| Mita-raṅga | मितरंग | Deviprasad Kharwandikar[15] | "Colors of Measure." | ||
| Mohana-piyā | मोहनपिया | Aqeel Ahmed Khan | Agra | ||
| Nāda-piyā | नादपिया | V R Athavale | "Lover of naad." | Gwalior, Agra | |
| Nāda-raṅga | नादरंग | Dilip Chandra Vedi | "Colors of naad." | Patiala, Agra, Atrauli | |
| Nāda-raṅga | नादरंग | Sandeep Ranade | "Colors of naad." | Mewati | |
| Nātha-piyā | नाथपिया | Vilayat Khan | Etawah | Sitarist. Enayet Khan's Rajput name was "Nath Singh." | |
| Niguṇa | निगुण | Neelkanth Abhyankar | Agra, Atrauli | ||
| Prāṇa-piyā | प्राणपिया | Vilayat Hussain Khan | Agra, Atrauli[16] | ||
| Pranava-raṅga | प्रणवरंग | Omkarnath Thakur | "Colors of Om." | Gwalior | |
| Prema-piyā | प्रेमपिया | Faiyaz Khan | "Lover of Affect." | Agra | |
| Prema-dāsa | प्रेमदास | Latafat Hussain Khan | "Servant of Affect." | Agra, Atrauli | |
| Prema-raṅga | प्रेमरंग | Sharafat Hussain Khan | "Colors of Affect." | Agra, Atrauli | |
| Prema-raṅga | प्रेमरंग | Ratnakar Ramnathkar | "Colors of Affect." | Agra, Atrauli | |
| Qadara-piyā | क़दरपिया | Mirza Bala Qadar of Rampur | Thumri composer.[17] | ||
| Ratana-piyā | रतनपिया | Ata Hussain Khan | Agra | ||
| Rāma-dāsa | रामदास | Zahoor Khan | Khurja[18] | ||
| Rāma-raṅga | रामरंग | Ramashreya Jha | |||
| Raṅgile | रंगीले | Ramzan Khan | Rangile[19] Sikandrabad Rangeela Gharana | ||
| Rasa-dāsa | रसदास | Arun Kashalkar | Gwalior, Agra, Atrauli, Jaipur-Atrauli | ||
| Rasa-dāsī | रसदासी | Veen Vishwaroop | Agra, Atrauli | ||
| Rasa-piyā | रसपिया | Babanrao Haldankar | Agra, Atrauli, Jaipur-Atrauli | ||
| Rasa-raṅga | रसरंग | Bade Inayat Hussain Khan | Gwalior | ||
| Rasa-raṅga | रसरंग | Anwar Hussain Khan | Agra, Atrauli | ||
| Rasika-piyā | रसिकपिया | Dhruv Tara Joshi | |||
| Rasika-raṅga | रसिकरंग | Ashok Ranade | Gwalior | Musicologist[20] | |
| Rasika-raṅga | रसिकरंग | Deepak Chatterjee | |||
| Razā-piyā | रज़ापिया | Raza Ali Khan | Patiala | Nawab.[21] | |
| Saba-raṅga | सबरंग | Ghulam Abbas Khan | Agra | ||
| Saba-raṅga | सबरंग | Bade Ghulam Ali Khan | Patiala | ||
| Saba-rasa | सबरस | Ghulam Maulvi Khan | Patiala | ||
| Shok-rang | शोक रंग | Bahadur Shah Zafar | Last Mughal Emperor | ||
| Sadā-raṅga | सदारंग | Niyamat Khān of Delhi | Seniya
Qawwal Bacche || Descendant of Tansen, dhrupadiya in Rangile's Court.[22] | ||
| Saguṇa-piyā | सगुणपिया | Yashpal | Agra, Atrauli | ||
| Sajana-piyā | सजनपिया | Khadim Hussain Khan | Agra, Atrauli | ||
| Samajh-Dil | समझदिल | Ustad Nazeer Ahmed Khan | Qawwal Bacche, Delhi Gharana | Nizam's Court Singer | |
| Samajha-dila | समझदिल | Enayat Khan | Etawah, Agra | ||
| Sanada-piyā | सनदपिया | Tawakkul Husain Khan of Rampur | Jaipur | Thumri composer.[23] | |
| Sanehī-piyā | सनेहीपिया | Gulam Qadar Khan | Agra | ||
| Sarasa-piyā | सरसपिया | Kale Khan | Agra | ||
| Sarasa-raṅga | सरसरंग | Qayam Khan | Agra | ||
| Shakīla-piyā | शकीलपिया | Nanhe Khan | Agra | ||
| Shōk, Shōka-raṅga | शोक, शोकरंग | Kumar Gandharva | Gwalior | ||
| Shōri, Shōri Miyān | शोरी, शोरी मियाँ | Miyan Ghulam Nabi Shori | Lucknow | ||
| Shubha-raṅga | शुभरंग | Shubhada Paradkar | |||
| Shyāma-raṅga | श्यामरंग | Dayam Khan | Agra | ||
| Shyāma-raṅga | श्यामरंग | Jitendra Abhisheki | Atrauli, Khurja | ||
| Subha-raṅga | सुभरंग | Shankarlal Mishra | |||
| Sughara-piyā | सुघरपिया | Bhaiya Ganpatrao | Gwalior | ||
| Sujana-dāsa | सुजनदास | Yashwant Mahale | Agra, Atrauli | ||
| Sujanasuta | सुजनसुत | K. G. Ginde | Agra, Atrauli | ||
| Sujāna | सुजान | Haji Sujan Khan | Agra | ||
| Sujāna, Sujāna-piyā | सुजान, सुजानपिया | S. N. Ratanjankar | Agra, Atrauli | ||
| Sura-raṅga | सुररंग | Amir Khan | Indore, Kirana, Bhendi-Bazaar | ||
| Taan-Ras | तनरास | Ustad Taanras Khan | Qawwal Bacche Delhi Gharana | Founder Of Delhi Gharana Last Mughal Singer | |
| Tana-raṅga | तनरंग | Vishwanath Rao Ringe | Gwalior | ||
| Vyākul | व्याकुल | Vyakul of Ayodhya | Guru of Ramashreya Jha[24] | ||
| Vedī | वेदी | Dilip Chandra Vedi | "Colors of naad." | Patiala, Agra, Atrauli | |
| Vinōda-piyā | विनोदपिया | Tasadduq Hussain Khan | Agra | Son of Kallan Khan, Agra Gharana.[24] | |
| Vraja-raṅga | व्रजरंग [25] | Vrajotsavji Maharaj[26] | |||
| Yasha-raṅga | यशरंग | Yeshwantbua Joshi | Gwalior, Agra, Atrauli | ||
Carnatic musicians
| Name | Mudra | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Tallapaka Annamayya | Venkata | |
| Vyasatirtha | Sri Krishna/ Siri Krishna/Krishna | |
| Vadiraja Tirtha | Hayavadana | |
| Sripadaraja | Ranga Vitthala | |
| Jagannatha Dasa | Jagannatha Vitthala | |
| Gopala Dasa | Gopala Vithala | |
| Vijaya Dasa | Vijaya Vithala | |
| Purandara Dasa | Purandara Vitthala | |
| Kanaka Dasa | Adi Keshava | |
| Tyagaraja | Tyagaraja | |
| Shyama Shastri | Shyama Krishna[27] | |
| Muthuswami Dikshitar | Guruguha[2] | Guha is one of the many names of Murugan, the deity at Tiruttani, the site of his first composition.[28] |
| Swati Tirunal |
|
|
| Bhadrachala Ramadas | Ramadasu | |
| Papanasam Sivan | Ramadasan | |
| Gopalakrishna Bharathi | Balakrishnan, Gopalakrishnan | |
| Harikesanallur Muthiah Bhagavatar | Harikesha | |
| Narayana Teertha | Narayana Teertha | |
| Patnam Subramania Iyer | Venkateshwara, Venkatesha | |
| Mysore Vasudevacharya | Vasudevā | |
| Mysore V. Ramarathnam | Rāma | |
| M. D. Ramanathan | Varada Dasa | |
| M. Balamuralikrishna |
|
|
| Maharajapuram Santhanam | Maharajan | |
| Koteeswara Iyer | Kavi Kunjara Dasa | |
| Kshetrayya | Muvva Gopala | |
| Sadashiva Brahmendra swami | Paramahamsa | |
| T. G. Krishna Iyer (Lalitha Dasa) | Lalitha | |
| Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar | Sri Vidya[29] |
