Nambikwaran languages
Language family of Brazil
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The Nambikwaran languages are a language family of half a dozen languages, all spoken in the state of Mato Grosso in Brazil. They have traditionally been considered dialects of a single language, but at least three of them are mutually unintelligible.
distributionMato Grosso, Rondônia and Pará, in Brazil
| Nambikwaran | |
|---|---|
| Geographic distribution | Mato Grosso, Rondônia and Pará, in Brazil |
| Linguistic classification | One of the world's primary language families |
| Subdivisions | |
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | namb1299 |
| |
The total number of speakers is estimated to be about 1,000, with Nambikwara proper being 80% of that number.[1] Most Nambikwara are monolingual but some young men speak Portuguese.[2] Especially the men of the Sabanê group are trilingual, speaking both Portuguese and Mamainde.[3]
- Mamaindê (250-340)
- Lakondê (1)
- Latundê (19)
- Nambikwara (720)
- Sabanê (3)
The varieties of Mamaindê are often seen as dialects of a single language but are treated as separate Northern Nambikwaran languages by Ethnologue. Sabanê is a single speech community and thus has no dialects, while the Nambikwara language has been described as having eleven.[4]
Genetic relations
Language contact
Varieties
Jolkesky (2016)
Internal classification by Jolkesky (2016):[6]
(† = extinct)
Proto-language
| Proto-Nambikwaran | |
|---|---|
| Proto-Nambiquara | |
| Reconstruction of | Nambikwaran languages |
Proto-Nambiquara reconstructions by Price (1978):[7]
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Bibliography
- Costa, Januacele Francisca da; W. Leo M. Wetzels. 2008. Proto-Nambikwara Sound Structure. Amsterdam: Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.
- Araujo, G. A. (2004). A Grammar of Sabanê: A Nambikwaran Language. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. 94. Utrecht: LOT.
- Gomes, M. A. C. F. (1991). Dicionário Mamaindé-Português/Português-Mamaindé. Cuiabá: SIL.
- Eberhard, David M. (2009). Mamaindê Grammar: a Northern Nambikwara language and its cultural context. LOT publications. ISBN 978-94-6093-012-6.
- Kroeker, M. H. (1996). Dicionário escolar bilingüe Nambikuara-Português, Português-Nambikuara. Porto Velho: SIL.
- Price, D. P. (1978). The Nambiquara Linguistic Family. Anthropological Linguistics 20:14-37.
