East Central German

Variety of Central German From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

East Central German or East Middle German (German: Ostmitteldeutsch) is the eastern Central German language and is part of High German. Present-day Standard German, as a High German variant,^[1] has actually developed from a compromise of East Central (especially Upper Saxon, which was promoted by Johann Christoph Gottsched) and East Franconian German. East Central German dialects are mainly spoken in Central Germany and parts of Brandenburg, and they were formerly also spoken in Silesia and Bohemia.

Geographic
distributionThuringia, Saxony, Berlin, Brandenburg, Silesia

Linguistic classificationIndo-European

Germanic
- West Germanic
  - High German
    - Central German
      - East Central German

Subdivisions

Glottologeast2832 East Middle German
uppe1400 Central East Middle German

Quick facts Geographic distribution, Linguistic classification ...

East Central German
East Middle German (German: Ostmitteldeutsch)
Geographic distribution	Thuringia, Saxony, Berlin, Brandenburg, Silesia
Linguistic classification	Indo-European Germanic West Germanic High German Central German East Central German
Subdivisions	Thuringian Upper Saxon Erzgebirgisch Lusatian Silesian High Prussian Wymysorys Alzenau
Language codes
Glottolog	`east2832` East Middle German `uppe1400` Central East Middle German
German dialects after 1945 and the expulsions of the Germans from their eastern homelands Thuringian (17) North Upper Saxon (18) South Märkisch (19) Upper Saxon (20)

Dialects

East Central German is spoken in large parts of what is today known as the cultural area of Central Germany (Mitteldeutschland).

It comprises according to Glottolog:^[2]

Central East Middle German
- High Prussian (Hochpreußisch) (nearly extinct)
- Thuringian (Thüringisch)
- Upper Saxon (Obersächsisch)
  - Anhaltisch
  - Meißnisch
  - Osterländisch
  - Westlausitzisch
  - Erzgebirgisch
- Nordobersäschisch-Südmärkisch
Schlesisch–Wilmesau
- Silesian (Schlesisch) (nearly extinct)
  - Old Zipser (Altzipserisch)
- Wymysorys
- Eastern Yiddish (which is a form of Yiddish besides Western Yiddish)

Nordobersächsisch-Südmärkisch

The dialect area of Nordobersächsisch-Südmärkisch [de] lies north of Upper-Saxon and north-western of Silesian, in the south it includes parts of Lusatia and in the north, depending on definition, it can include the region around Berlin. It consists of multiple sub-parts, where the switch to High German (from Low German or Sorbian) occurred at different times and under different conditions, including:^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

Eastern Low German^[7]
- Märkisch [de]^[8]^[9]
  - Südmärkisch [de]^[10] (lit. South Markish; a form of Low German to which Südmärkisch belonged in the Middle Ages)
East Middle German^[11]
- Central East Middle German^[12]
  - Nordobersächsisch-Südmärkisch^[13] (lit. North Upper Saxon–South Markish)
  - Upper Saxon^[14]
    - North Upper Saxon^[15]
    - South Upper Saxon^[16]

References

[1]
"Ethnologue: East Middle German". Retrieved 2021-09-27.
[2]
Hammarström, Harald; Forke, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2020). "East Middle German". Glottolog 4.3.
[3]
Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin (eds.). "Nordobersächsisch-Südmärkisch". Glottolog . Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
[4]
Peter Wiesinger: Die Einteilung der deutschen Dialekte. In: Dialektologie. Ein Handbuch zur deutschen und allgemeinen Dialektforschung. Herausgegeben von Werner Besch, Ulrich Knoop, Wolfgang Putschke, Herbert Ernst Wiegand. Zweiter Halbband. Volume 1.2 of Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft (HSK). Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York, 1983, p. 807ff., here p. 865ff. (sub-chapter: Das Nordobersächsisch-Südmärkische)
[5]
"Dialekt-Karte_neu « atlas-alltagssprache". Atlas zur deutschen Alltagssprache (AdA). Archived from the original on 2021-01-10. Retrieved 2021-02-20. Annotated with: "Abb. 20: Die Gliederung der deutschen Dialekte (Wiesinger)"
[6]
Map Deutsche Dialekte: Historische Verteilung by Jost Gippert. A previous version of it was published in: H. Glück (ed.), Metzler Lexikon Sprache, Stuttgart / Weimar, 1993, and later editions.
Gippert, Jost. "TITUS Didactica: Deutsche Dialekte / German Dialects". titus.uni-frankfurt.de. Archived from the original on 25 August 2017. (older than the URLs below)

Gippert, Jost. "TITUS Didactica: Deutsche Dialekte / German Dialects". titus.uni-frankfurt.de.

Gippert, Jost. "TITUS Didactica: Deutsche Dialekte / German Dialects". titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de.
[7]
Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin (eds.). "Eastern Low German". Glottolog . Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
[8]
Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin (eds.). "Märkisch". Glottolog . Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
[9]
"Die Märkisch Dialekte" [The Märkisch Dialect] (in German). Archived from the original on 27 October 2009.
[10]
Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin (eds.). "Südmärkisch". Glottolog . Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
[11]
Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin (eds.). "East Middle German". Glottolog . Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
[12]
Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin (eds.). "Central East Middle German". Glottolog . Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
[13]
Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin (eds.). "Nordobersächsisch-Südmärkisch". Glottolog . Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
[14]
Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin (eds.). "Upper Saxon". Glottolog . Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
[15]
Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin (eds.). "North Upper Saxon". Glottolog . Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
[16]
Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin (eds.). "South Upper Saxon". Glottolog . Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

East Central German

Dialects

Nordobersächsisch-Südmärkisch

See also

References

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