GHS precautionary statements

Standardized phrase giving advice about the correct handling of a dangerous chemical From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Precautionary statements form part of the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS).[1] They are intended to form a set of standardized phrases giving advice about the correct handling of chemical substances and mixtures, which can be translated into different languages.[a][b] As such, they serve the same purpose as the well-known S-phrases, which they are intended to replace.

Bottle of “RAVAK Turbo Cleaner” drain cleaner containing sodium hydroxide, labelled with chemical hazard information per the GHS standard

Precautionary statements are one of the key elements for the labelling of containers under the GHS, along with:[2]

  • an identification of the product;
  • one or more hazard pictograms (where necessary)
  • a signal word – either Danger or Warning – where necessary
  • hazard statements, indicating the nature and degree of the risks posed by the product
  • the identity of the supplier (who might be a manufacturer or importer)

Each precautionary statement is designated a code, starting with the letter P and followed by three digits. Statements which correspond to related hazards are grouped together by code number, so the numbering is not consecutive. The code is used for reference purposes, for example to help with translations, but it is the actual phrase which should appear on labels and safety data sheets.[3] Some precautionary phrases are combinations, indicated by a plus sign "+". In several cases, there is a choice of wording, for example "Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray": the supplier or regulatory agency should choose the appropriate wording for the product concerned.

General precautionary statements

More information Code, Phrase ...
GHS P-phrases (3)[1]
Code Phrase
P101If medical advice is needed, have product container or label at hand.
P102Keep out of reach of children.
P103Read carefully and follow all instructions.
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Prevention precautionary statements

"..." indicates additional text to be specified.
More information Code, Phrase ...
GHS P-phrases (43)[1]
Code Phrase
P201(Obsolete) Obtain special instructions before use.
P202(Obsolete) Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P203Obtain, read and follow all safety instructions before use.
P210Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
P211Do not spray on an open flame or other ignition source.
P212Avoid heating under confinement or reduction of the desensitized agent.
P220Keep away from clothing and other combustible materials.
P221(Obsolete) Take any precaution to avoid mixing with combustibles/...
P222Do not allow contact with air.
P223Do not allow contact with water.
P230Keep diluted with ...
P231Handle and store contents under inert gas/...
P231+P232Handle and store contents under inert gas/... Protect from moisture.
P232Protect from moisture.
P233Keep container tightly closed.
P234Keep only in original container.
P235Keep cool.
P235+P410(Obsolete) Keep cool. Protect from sunlight.
P236Keep only in original packaging; Division ... in the transport configuration.
P240Ground and bond container and receiving equipment.
P241Use explosion-proof [electrical/ventilating/lighting/...] equipment.
P242Use non-sparking tools.
P243Take action to prevent static discharges.
P244Keep valves and fittings free from oil and grease
P250Do not subject to grinding/shock/friction/...
P251Do not pierce or burn, even after use.
P260Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P261Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P262Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing.
P263Avoid contact during pregnancy and while nursing.
P264Wash hands [and ...] thoroughly after handling.
P264+P265Wash hands [and ...] thoroughly after handling. Do not touch eyes.
P265Do not touch eyes.
P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P271Use only outdoors or with adequate ventilation.
P272Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.
P273Avoid release to the environment.
P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/...
P281(Obsolete) Use personal protective equipment as required.
P282Wear cold insulating gloves and either face shield or eye protection.
P283Wear fire resistant or flame-retardant clothing.
P284In case of inadequate ventilation wear respiratory protection.
P285(Obsolete) In case of inadequate ventilation wear respiratory protection.
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Response precautionary statements

"..." indicates additional text to be specified.
More information Code, Phrase ...
GHS P-phrases (114)[1]
Code Phrase
P301IF SWALLOWED:
P301+P310(Obsolete) IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P301+P310+P330(Obsolete) IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. Rinse mouth.
P301+P312(Obsolete) IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P301+P312+P330(Obsolete) IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. Rinse mouth.
P301+P316IF SWALLOWED: Get emergency medical help immediately.
P301+P317IF SWALLOWED: IF SWALLOWED: Get medical help.
P301+P330+P331IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.
P302IF ON SKIN:
P302+P312(Obsolete) IF ON SKIN: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P302+P317(Obsolete) IF ON SKIN: Get medical help.
P302+P334IF ON SKIN: Immerse in cool water or wrap in wet bandages.
P302+P335+P334IF ON SKIN: Brush off loose particles from skin and immerse in cool water [or wrap in wet bandages].
P302+P350(Obsolete) IF ON SKIN: Gently wash with soap and water.
P302+P352IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/...
P302+P352+P312(Obsolete) IF ON SKIN: Wash with soap and water. Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P302+P361+P354IF ON SKIN: Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Immediately rinse with water for several minutes.
P303IF ON SKIN (or hair):
P303+P361+P353IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water [or shower].
P303+P361+P353+P315(Obsolete) IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water [or shower]. Get immediate medical advice/attention.
P304IF INHALED:
P304+P312(Obsolete) IF INHALED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P304+P317(Obsolete) IF INHALED: Get medical help.
P304+P340IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
P304+P340+P310(Obsolete) IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P304+P340+P311(Obsolete) IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P304+P340+P312(Obsolete) IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P304+P340+P315(Obsolete) IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. Get immediate medical advice/attention.
P304+P341(Obsolete) IF INHALED: If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P305IF IN EYES:
P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse continuously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P305+P351+P338+P310(Obsolete) IF IN EYES: Rinse continuously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P305+P351+P338+P315(Obsolete) IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Get immediate medical advice/attention.
P305+P354+P338IF IN EYES: Immediately rinse with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P306IF ON CLOTHING:
P306+P360IF ON CLOTHING: Rinse immediately contaminated clothing and skin with plenty of water before removing clothes.
P307(Obsolete) IF exposed:
P307+P311(Obsolete) IF exposed: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P308IF exposed or concerned:
P308+P310(Obsolete) IF exposed or concerned: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P308+P311(Obsolete) IF exposed or concerned: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P308+P313(Obsolete) IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P308+P316IF exposed or concerned: Get emergency medical help immediately.
P309(Obsolete) IF exposed or you feel unwell:
P309+P311(Obsolete) IF exposed or you feel unwell: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P310(Obsolete) Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P311(Obsolete) Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P312(Obsolete) Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P313(Obsolete) Get medical advice/attention.
P314(Obsolete) Get Medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P315(Obsolete) Get immediate medical advice/attention.
P316Get emergency medical help immediately.
P317Get medical help.
P318If exposed or concerned, get medical advice.
P319Get medical help if you feel unwell.
P320Specific treatment is urgent (see information on this label and safety data sheet).
P321Specific treatment (see information on this label and safety data sheet).
P322Specific treatment is urgent (see information on the safety data sheet).
P323Specific treatment (see information on the safety data sheet).
P330Rinse mouth.
P331Do NOT induce vomiting.
P332If skin irritation occurs:
P332+P313(Obsolete) If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P332+P317If skin irritation occurs: Get medical help.
P333If skin irritation or a rash occurs:
P333+P313(Obsolete) If skin irritation or a rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P333+P317If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical help.
P334Immerse in cool water [or wrap in wet bandages].
P335Brush off loose particles from skin.
P335+P334(Obsolete) Brush off loose particles from skin. Immerse in cool water/wrap in wet bandages.
P336Thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Do not rub affected areas.
P336+P315(Obsolete) Thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Do not rub affected area. Get immediate medical advice/attention.
P336+P317Immediately thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Do not rub affected area. Get medical help.
P337If eye irritation persists:
P337+P313(Obsolete) If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
P337+P317If eye irritation persists: Get medical help.
P338Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P340Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
P341(Obsolete) If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P342If experiencing respiratory symptoms:
P342+P311(Obsolete) If experiencing respiratory symptoms: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P342+P316If experiencing respiratory symptoms: Get emergence medical help immediately.
P350(Obsolete) Gently wash with soap and water.
P351Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
P352Wash with plenty of water/...
P353Rinse skin with water [or shower].
P354Immediately rinse with water for several minutes.
P360Rinse immediately contaminated clothing and skin with plenty of water before removing clothes.
P361Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
P361+P364Take off immediately all contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.
P362Take off contaminated clothing.
P362+P364Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.
P363Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P364And wash it before reuse.
P370In case of fire:
P370+P372+P380+P373In case of fire: Explosion risk. Evacuate area. DO NOT fight fire when fire reaches explosives.
P370+P376In case of fire: Stop leak if safe to do so.
P370+P378In case of fire: Use ... to extinguish.
P370+P380(Obsolete) In case of fire: Evacuate area.
P370+P380+P375In case of fire: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion.
P370+P380+P375+P378In case of fire: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion. Use...to extinguish.
P371In case of major fire and large quantities:
P371+P380+P375In case of major fire and large quantities: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion.
P372Explosion risk.
P373DO NOT fight fire when fire reaches explosives.
P374(Obsolete) Fight fire with normal precautions from a reasonable distance.
P375Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion.
P376Stop leak if safe to do so.
P377Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely.
P378Use ... to extinguish.
P380Evacuate area.
P381In case of leakage, eliminate all ignition sources.
P390Absorb spillage to prevent material damage.
P391Collect spillage.
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Storage precautionary statements

"..." indicates additional text to be specified.
More information Code, Phrase ...
GHS P-phrases (19)[1]
Code Phrase
P401Store in accordance with ...
P402Store in a dry place.
P402+P404Store in a dry place. Store in a closed container.
P403Store in a well-ventilated place.
P403+P233Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P403+P235Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P404Store in a closed container.
P405Store locked up.
P406Store in a corrosion resistant/... container with a resistant inner liner.
P407Maintain air gap between stacks or pallets.
P410Protect from sunlight.
P410+P403Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place.
P410+P412Protect from sunlight. Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 ºC/122 ºF.
P411Store at temperatures not exceeding ... ºC/... ºF.
P411+P235(Obsolete) Store at temperatures not exceeding ... ºC/... ºF. Keep cool.
P412Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 ºC/122 ºF.
P413Store bulk masses greater than ... kg/... lbs at temperatures not exceeding ... °C/... °F.
P420Store separately.
P422(Obsolete) Store contents under ...
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Disposal precautionary statements

"..." indicates additional text to be specified.
More information Code, Phrase ...
GHS P-phrases (3)[1]
Code Phrase
P501Dispose of contents/container to ...
P502Refer to manufacturer or supplier for information on recovery or recycling.
P503Refer to manufacturer/supplier... for information on disposal/recovery/recycling.
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Notes

  1. [a]
    The United Nations has published the list of GHS precautionary statements in all UN official languages (Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish): it can be found in Annex 3 of GHS Rev.2 for the corresponding language.
  2. [b]
    A list of translations into all the European Union official languages can be found in Annex IV to the CLP Regulation, on pages 210–324 of the official English-language version.

References

External links

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