Pathum Thani province
Province in Thailand
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pathum Thani (Thai: ปทุมธานี, pronounced [pā.tʰūm tʰāːnīː]) is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand. Neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise): Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Saraburi, Nakhon Nayok, Chachoengsao, Bangkok, and Nonthaburi.
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Pathum Thani
ปทุมธานี | |
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From left to right, top to bottom: Thailand National Memorial; A Royal Ploughing Ceremony exhibition in Golden Jubilee Museum of Agriculture; Thammasat University's pond; Street in Pathum Thani town; Tornado frisbee in the Dream World; Wat Phra Dhammakaya | |
 Flag  Seal | |
| Nicknames: Pathum (ปทุม) Mueang Pathum (เมืองปทุม) | |
| Mottoes: ถิ่นบัวหลวง เมืองรวงข้าว เชื้อชาวมอญ นครธรรมะ พระตำหนักรวมใจ สดใสเจ้าพระยา ก้าวหน้าอุตสาหกรรม ("Home of the royal lotus. Town of rice ears. Mon people. City of Dharma. Palace of unity. Bright Chao Phraya (River). Progressive industry.") | |
 Map of Thailand highlighting Pathum Thani province | |
| Country | Thailand |
| Region | Central Thailand |
| Capital | Pathum Thani |
| Largest City | Rangsit |
| Government | |
| • Governor | Somkid Chanthamaruk (since 2024) |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,520 km2 (590 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 70th |
| Population (2024)[2] | |
• Total |  1,236,471 |
| • Rank | 17th |
| • Density | 813/km2 (2,110/sq mi) |
| • Rank | 4th |
| Human Achievement Index | |
| • HAI (2022) | 0.6589 "somewhat high" Ranked 15th |
| GDP | |
| • Total | baht 381 billion (US$13 billion) (2019) |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (ICT) |
| Postal code | 10xxx |
| Calling code | 02 |
| ISO 3166 code | TH-13 |
| Website | pathumthani |
Pathumthani Provincial Administrative Organization
องค์การบริหารส่วนจังหวัดปทุมธานี | |
|---|---|
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[[File::Seal of Pathumthani Provincial Administstrative Organization.png|100x100px|Official seal of Pathumthani Provincial Administrative Organization]] Seal | |
 Interactive map of Pathumthani Provincial Administrative Organization | |
| Government | |
| • Type | Local administrative divisions |
| • Body | Pathumthani Provincial Administrative Organization |
| • President | Kamronwit Thoopkrachang |
| Website | pathumpao |
The province is north of Bangkok and is part of the Bangkok metropolitan area. In many places, the boundary between the two provinces is not noticeable as both sides of the boundary are equally urbanized. Pathum Thani town is the administrative seat, but Ban Rangsit, seat of Thanyaburi district, is the largest populated place in the province.[5]
Pathum Thani is an old province, heavily populated by the Mon people, dotted with 186 temples and parks. The Dream World amusement park is here.[6]
Geography
The province lies on the low alluvial flats of the Chao Phraya River that flows through the capital. Many canals (khlongs) cross the province and feed the rice paddies. There is no forest area in the province.[7]
Climate
Pathum Thani province has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen climate classification category Aw). Winters are dry and warm. Temperatures rise until May. The monsoon season runs from May through October, with heavy rain and somewhat cooler temperatures during the day, although nights remain warm. Climate statistics: the maximum temperature is 42.8 °C (109.0 °F) in April and the lowest temperature is 17.5 °C (63.5 °F) in January. The highest average temperature is 35.7 °C (96.3 °F) and the minimum average temperature is 25.2 °C (77.4 °F). Annual total rainfall was 1,225 millimetres (48.2 in) with total 109 rainy days. Maximum daily rainfall was 68.1 mm (2.68 in) on October 2, 2024.[8]
History
The city dates back to a settlement founded by Mon migrating from Mottama (Thai: เมาะตะมะ) in Myanmar around 1650. The original name was Sam Khok.[9]: 230, 369 In 1815, King Rama II visited the city and the citizens offered him many lotus flowers, which prompted the king to rename the city Pathum Thani, meaning 'lotus flower town'.[10]
Symbols
The provincial seal shows a pink lotus flower with two rice stalks bending over it, representing the fertility of the province. The provincial tree is the Indian coral tree (Erythrina variegata). The provincial flower is the lotus (Nymphaea lotus).[11] The provincial aquatic animal is the marble goby (Oxyeleotris marmorata).
Demographics
Population
Population history of Pathum Thani province is as follows:[12][13]
| 1947 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2200 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 139,339 | 190,000 | 233,000 | 324,468 | 452,639 | 677,649 | 1,327,147 | 1,176,412 |
Religion
There are total 201 Theravada Buddhist temples in the province, of which 172 Maha Nikai and 29 Dhammayut temples.[14][15]
| 44 | Mueang Pathum Thani | 39 | Sam Khok | 35 | Lam Luk Ka | 30 | Khlong Luang |
| 24 | Nong Suea | 19 | Lat Lum Kaeo | 10 | Thanyaburi |
Further there are 39 Cristian churches and 32 Mosques in the province.
Education and technology
Pathum Thani has a very high concentration of higher education institutions, especially ones in the field of science and technology. This, together with a large number of industrial parks and research facilities (including those in Thailand Science Park), make the region the educational and technology hub of the area.[citation needed]
- Academic institutes
- National Science Museum, Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok University (Rangsit Campus), Eastern Asia University, North Bangkok University (Rangsit), Pathumthani University, Rajamangala University of Technology, Rangsit University, Shinawatra University, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University (Rangsit Center), and Valaya Alongkorn Rajahbhat University
- Research bodies
- Thailand Science Park, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC), National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC), Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR)
- Industrial parks
- Software Park Thailand (in Nonthaburi, southwest of Pathum Thani), Nava Nakorn Industrial Promotion Zone (1376 acres / 5.6 km2), Bangkadi Industrial Park (470 acres / 1.9 km2), Techno Thani (a "Technology City" administered by the Ministry of Science and Technology), and a number of industrial parks in neighboring Ayutthaya and Nonthaburi provinces.
Administrative divisions
Provincial government
The province is divided into seven districts (amphoes). The districts are further subdivided into 60 communes (tambons) and 529 villages (mubans).
Local government
As of 29 September 2020 there are: one Pathum Thani Provincial Administrative Organization - PAO (ongkan borihan suan changwat) and twenty-nine municipal (thesaban) areas in the province. Rangsit has city (thesaban nakhon) status. Further ten have town (thesaban mueang) status and eighteen subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambon).[16]
| City municipality | 1 | Rangsit[17] | 85,260 |
| Town mun. | People | ||||
| 1 | Tha Khlong[18] | 78,108 | 6 | Bueng Yi Tho[19] | 32,708 |
| 2 | Lam Sam Kaeo[20] | 66,003 | 7 | Sanan Rak[21] | 31,350 |
| 3 | Lat Sawai[22] | 65,906 | 8 | Bang Khu Wat | 28,349 |
| 4 | Khlong Luang[23] | 62,615 | 9 | Pathum Thani[24] | 23,633 |
| 5 | Khu Khot[25] | 44,274 | 10 | Bang Kadi[26] | 13,987 |
| Subdistrict mun. | People | ||||
| 1 | Thanyaburi[27] | 62,990 | 10 | Bang Toei | 10,828 |
| 2 | Bang Phun[28] | 25,509 | 11 | Rahaeng | 10,445 |
| 3 | Lak Hok[29] | 21,883 | 12 | Khlong Phra Udom | 7,995 |
| 4 | Lam Luk Ka[27] | 18,377 | 13 | Sam Khok[30] | 6,963 |
| 5 | Bang Duea[31] | 14,756 | 14 | Bang Luang[27] | 6,314 |
| 6 | Bang Khayaeng[32] | 14,557 | 15 | Chiang Rak Yai | 6,260 |
| 7 | Ban Mai[33] | 14,447 | 16 | Khu Khwang[34] | 6,000 |
| 8 | Ban Klang[35] | 12,326 | 17 | Lam Sai[27] | 2,657 |
| 9 | Nong Sam Wang | 11,016 | 18 | Nong Suea[27] | 2,901 |
The non-municipal areas are administered by 35 Subdistrict Administrative
Organizations - SAO (ongkan borihan suan tambon).[36]
| Municipalities | Communities | |
| Rangsit[37] | 81 | |
| Lam Sam Kaeo[38] | 70 | |
| Khlong Luang[39] | 54 | |
| Khu Khot[40] | 31 | |
| Bueng Yi Tho[41] | 37 | |
| Pathum Thani[42] | 28 | |
| Bang Kadi[43] | 18 |
Education
High education
- Total ten high education entities with 141,616 students.[44]
Vocational education
- Total seven vocational colleges with 10,205 students.
Secondary education
- Total 47 upper secondary schools with 26,420 students.
- Total 52 lower secondary schools with 37,691 students.
Primary education
- Total 175 primary schools with 76,583 pupils.
Health
Government hospitals
There are ten government hospitals in Pathum Thani province, of which Mueang Pathum Thani district has one general hospital:
- Pathum Thani Hospital with 456 beds.
There are seven community hospitals in the other six districts:
| Thanyaburi Hospital | 120 beds | Khlong Luang Hospital | 62 beds | Lat Lum Kaeo Hospital | 48 beds |
| Lam Luk Ka Hospital | 46 beds | Prachathipat Hospital | 37 beds | Sam Khok Hospital | 36 beds |
| Nong Suea Hospital | 35 beds |
There are also:
- Thammasat University Hospital with 844 bed in Khlong Luang district.
- Maha Vajiralongkorn Cancer Centre with 116 beds in Thanyaburi district.
Private hospitals
There are twelve private hospitals in Pathum Thani province:
| Mueang Pathum Thani | Krung Siam St.Carlos Medical Centre | 100 beds |
| Mueang Pathum Thani | Krungthai Pathum Hospital | 30 beds |
| Khlong Luang | Karunvech Hospital | 200 beds |
| Khlong Luang | Phatara-Thonburi Hospital | 120 beds |
| Khlong Luang | Thonburi Burana Hospital | 55 beds |
| Thanyaburi | Pathumvech Hospital | 200 beds |
| Thanyaburi | Bangpakok Rangsit 2 Hospital | 100 beds |
| Thanyaburi | Paolo Rangsit Hospital | 88 beds |
| Lam Luk Ka | PatRangsit Hospital | 201 beds |
| Lam Luk Ka | CGH Lamlukka Hospital | 100 beds |
| Lam Luk Ka | Symphaet Lamlukka Hospital | 100 beds |
| Lam Luk Ka | PatRangsit 2 Hospital | 59 beds |
Health promoting hospitals
There are total 79 health-promoting hospitals in the province, of which: 17 in Mueang Pathum Thani, 13 in Khlong Luang, 4 in Thanyaburi, 9 in Nong Suea, 11 in Lat Lum Kaeo, 14 in Lam Luk Ka and 11 in Sam Khok districts.[45]
Clinics
Around 626 clinics are in Pathum Thani province, of which 105 clinics in Mueang Pathum Thani, 182 Khlong Luang, 162 Thanyaburi, 9 Lat Lum Kaeo, 150 Lam Luk Ka and 18 Sam Khok districts.[46]
Economy
Economic output
In 2023, Pathum Thani province had an economic output of 460.312 billion baht (US$12.11 billion). This amounts to per capita gross provincial product (GPP) of 246,463 baht (US$6,485).[47] In 2025 the total workforce was 1,203,933 of which 1,188,321 persons were employed in economic activity. In agriculture and fishery 28,226 persons (2.4%) were employed and in the non-agricultural sector 1,160,095 persons (97.6%).[48]
| Activities | Million Baht | Percent | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Manufacturing | 214,563 | 46.6 |
| 2 | Trade | 74,505 | 16.2 |
| 3 | Finance | 24,421 | 5.3 |
| 4 | Education | 22,108 | 4.8 |
| 5 | Energy | 20,593 | 4.5 |
| 6 | Real estate | 20,218 | 4.4 |
| 7 | Construction | 10,714 | 2.3 |
| 8 | Transportation | 10,515 | 2.3 |
| 9 | Defence / publ.admin. | 9,682 | 2.1 |
| 10 | Human Health | 9,421 | 2.0 |
| 11 | Other srvice activity | 8,555 | 1.8 |
| 12 | Agriculture | 6,618 | 1.4 |
| 13 | Accommodation / food | 6,299 | 1.4 |
| 14 | Administration | 6,239 | 1.4 |
| 15 | Scientific activity | 6,229 | 1.4 |
| 16 | Information | 5,807 | 1.3 |
| 17 | Water supply | 2,601 | 0.6 |
| 18 | Pastime | 1,140 | 0.2 |
| 19 | Mining | 83 | - |
| Total | 6,618 | 100 |
| Activities | Workforce | Percent | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Manufacturing | 364,388 | 30.7 |
| 2 | Trade | 232,882 | 19.6 |
| 3 | Accommodation / food | 98,184 | 8.3 |
| 4 | Transportation | 84,802 | 7.1 |
| 5 | Construction | 70,823 | 6.0 |
| 6 | Other service activity | 54,695 | 4.6 |
| 7 | Defence / publ.admin. | 44,201 | 3.7 |
| 8 | Human health | 36,991 | 3.1 |
| 9 | Education | 34,159 | 2.9 |
| 10 | Agriculture | 28,226 | 2.4 |
| 11 | Finance | 26,543 | 2.2 |
| 12 | Scientific activity | 26,013 | 2.2 |
| 13 | Real estate | 18,868 | 1.6 |
| 14 | Pastime | 17,623 | 1.5 |
| 15 | Household enterprise | 15,335 | 1.3 |
| 16 | Administration | 14,200 | 1.2 |
| 17 | Information | 13,494 | 1.1 |
| 18 | Water supply | 2,818 | 0.2 |
| 19 | Energy | 2,498 | 0.2 |
| 20 | Extraterritorial org. activity | 1,578 | 0.1 |
| Total | 1,188,321 | 100 |
Manufacturing
The biggest sector of the economy generated 214.563 billion baht (US$5.65 billion) or 46.6% of GPP with 6,2202 registered entities and a workforce of 364,388 people (30.7% of all employed persons).
Trade
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles, the second sector of the economy generated 74.505 billion baht (US$2 billion) or 16.2% of GPP with 20,686 registered entities and a workforce of 232,882 people (19.6%).
Construction
2,393 construction entities and a workforce of 70,823 people (6%) contributed 10.7 billion baht (US$282 million) or 2.3% of GPP.
Agriculture
Agriculture and fishery in Pathum Thani province, the twelfth sector of the economy, generated 6.618 billion baht (US$174 million) or 1.4% of GPP with a workforce of 28,226 (2.4% of all employed persons).
Agricultural land use 816 km2 (315 sq mi) is 53.5% of total land of Pathum Thani province 1,525 km2 (589 sq mi). This is divided as follows: paddy land: 530 km2 (200 sq mi) 34.8%, farmland: 199 km2 (77 sq mi) 13%, orchard/perennial crop: 59 km2 (23 sq mi) 3.9%, and vegetable/ornamental plant: 28 km2 (11 sq mi) 1.8%.[49]
Production of the three main arable crops: rice 368,663 tonnes, cassave 2,865 tonnes and sugarcane 1,192 tonnes.
Production of the eight main vegetable crops: lemon grass 3,916 tonnes, lettuce 3,439 tonnes, water spinach 2,871 tonnes, holy basil 2,336 tonnes, Chinese kale 2,046 tonnes, yard long bean 1,527 tonnes, galangal 1,240 tonnes and pakchoi 1,237 tonnes.
Production of the five main fruit crops: lady finger banana 32,978 tonnes, banana 26,608 tonnes; coconut 7,120 tonnes, mango 2,693 tonnes and jack fruit 2,000 tonnes.
Agricultural commodity produced in significant amount is oil palm 12,120 tonnes.
Animal husbandry
Livestock produced included: chickens 381,688, ducks 216,377, beef cattle 4,752, goats 3,158, buffalos 770 and sheep 343.
Fisheries
Total catch from 2,747 freshwater aquaculture farms amounted to 27,400 tonnes.
Tourism
There were 2,961 hotel rooms in 2024; about 3,455,846 people of which 3,068,553 Thai (88.8%) visited Pathum Thani province and contributed 5,649 million baht (US$161 million) to tourism revenues.[50]
Human achievement index 2022
| Health | Education | Employment | Income |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| 2 | 20 | 15 | 32 |
| Housing | Family | Transport | Participation |
 |
 |
 |
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| 71 | 23 | 4 | 71 |
| Province Pathum Thani, with an HAI 2022 value of 0.6589 is "somewhat high", occupies place 15 in the ranking. | |||
Since 2003, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at sub-national level using the Human achievement index (HAI), a composite index covering all the eight key areas of human development. National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017.[3]
| Rank | Classification |
| 1 - 13 | "high" |
| 14 - 29 | "somewhat high" |
| 30 - 45 | "average" |
| 46 - 61 | "somewhat low" |
| 62 - 77 | "low" |
| Map with provinces and HAI 2022 rankings |
 |
