Plain inezia
Species of bird
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The plain inezia, or plain tyrannulet[2], (Inezia inornata) is a species of passerine bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers.[3] It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Peru.[4]
| Plain inezia | |
|---|---|
| |
| at Aquidauana River, Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Tyrannidae |
| Genus: | Inezia |
| Species: | I. inornata |
| Binomial name | |
| Inezia inornata (Salvadori, 1897) | |
 | |
Taxonomy and systematics
The plain inezia was originally described as Serpophaga inornata.[5] By the late twentieth century it had been moved to its present genus Inezia.[6]
Description
The plain inezia is about 9 cm (3.5 in) long and weighs 5.5 to 6 g (0.19 to 0.21 oz). The sexes have the same plumage. Adults have a grayish to olive-gray crown. Their face is mostly whitish with a thin white supercilium and a thin white eye-ring. Their back and rump are grayish to olive-gray. Their wings are dusky with dull white edges on the inner flight feathers and tips of the wing coverts; the latter show as two wing bars. Their tail is dusky. Their throat is whitish and their breast and belly dingy gray with a pale yellow tinge on the lower belly and undertail coverts. They have a dark brown iris, a thin black bill with sometimes a paler base to the mandible, and gray legs and feet.[7][8][9][10]
Distribution and habitat
The plain tyrannulet breeds from southern Beni Department in central Bolivia south to northern Paraguay and Salta and western Jujuy provinces in northwestern Argentina. In the non-breeding season many move north into northern Bolivia, Peru's Puno, and Madre de Dios departments and southwestern Amazonian Brazil. In the breeding season it inhabits deciduous and semi-deciduous woodlands and the drier Gran Chaco. In the non-breeding season it mostly occurs in shrubby early successional vegetation along rivers and other watercourses. In elevation it ranges from near sea level to 700 m (2,300 ft).[7][8][9][10]
Behavior
Movement
As noted above, the plain tyrannulet is a partial migrant, with individuals moving between the southern parts of its range into Peru and Brazil after the breeding season.[7][8][9]
Feeding
The plain inezia feeds on arthropods and probably also small fruits. It typically forages alone or in pairs and occasionally joins mixed-species feeding flocks. It takes prey and fruits from foliage and twigs mostly by gleaning while perched and also by briefly hovering after a short flight.[7]
Breeding
The plain inezia's breeding season has not been defined but appears to include November in Bolivia. Nothing else is known about the species' breeding biology.[7]
Vocalization
The plain inezia's song is a "somewhat musical series of thin whistles with [an] emphatic introductory note, 'psee-tee-ee-ee-ee' ".[7]
Status
The IUCN has assessed the plain inezia as being of Least Concern. It has a large range; its population size is not known and is believed to be decreasing. No immediate threats have been identified.[1] It is thought to be generally uncommon and is considered rare in Peru.[7][9] It occurs in several protected areas across its range.[7]