Plisnesk archaeological complex
Ukrainian archaeological site
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Plisnesk archaeological complex is a group of archaeological sites located near the khutir of Plisnesk (now part of Pidhirtsi, Zolochiv Raion, Lviv Oblast), at the source of the Buzhok river.[1]
A memorial plaque near the remains settlement of the 10th-13th century | |
| Official name | Городище літописного міста Пліснеська (Hillfort of the legendary city of Plisnesk) |
|---|---|
| Type | Archaeology |
| Reference no. | 130011-Н |
The early medieval settlement had a big area of 400-450 ha which could inhabit tens of thousands of people, surrounded by several rows of fortifications, smaller settlements, more than 142 burial mounds, and included a fort with a pagan center.[1][2][3] Part of the Luka-Raikovetska culture, it was a Polis-like city and one of the centers of early medieval tribe of Croats.[1][4][5][6][7] The city's downfall and layers of burning are considered to be related to the Vladimir the Great's war with the Croats (992–993).[1][6]
Since 2015 is regionally protected as a Historic and Cultural Reserve "Ancient Plisnesk".[8]
Information
In 1810, the first studies of the complex were conducted by the Vasylian Father Varlaam Kompanevych and the local official Heisler. Subsequently, archaeologists Teodor Zemencki (1881–1883), Karol Hadaczek (1905, 1907), Yaroslav Pasternak (1940), Ivan Starchuk (1946–1949), Volodymyr Honcharov (1953), Mykhailo Kuchera (1954), Roman Bahrii (1970–1972, 1983), Mykola Peleshchyshyn, and Roman Chaika (1980) joined the study of Plisnesk. Mykhailo Fylypchuk (1990, 1993, 1998–2004, 2007–2016) and Andrii Fylypchuk (2015–2022) discovered dozens of dwellings, hundreds of Christian burials, Varangian mounds, structures of defensive structures, and a pagan cult site in the Olenyn Park tract.[1][9]
Main attractions of the archaeological complex include:
- Ancient Slavic cult center of the late 7th–10th centuries[10]
- Slavic site, attributed to the White Croats and White & Megali Croatia, of ancient fortified settlement 8th–10th centuries[1][11]
- Old Kievan Rus' site of ancient settlement 11th–13th centuries (chronicle Plisnesk, first mentioned in writing in 1118 in the chronicle, and then in the "Tale of Igor's Campaign". It was part of the Galician principality and the Galicia-Volyn state. It was destroyed in 1241 as a result of the Mongol invasion, and now there is a khutir of the same name in its place. The territory of the settlement is an archaeological monument of national importance)[1][12][13][14]
- Mound burial ground of the 9th–early 12th centuries (now an archaeological monument of national importance)[15][14]
- Complex of buildings of the Pidhirtsi (Plisnesk) Monastery of the Order of St. Basil the Great[1][16]