Praseodymium(III) chloride
Chemical compound
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Praseodymium(III) chloride is the inorganic compound with the formula PrCl3. Like other lanthanide trichlorides, it exists both in the anhydrous and hydrated forms. It is a blue-green solid that rapidly absorbs water on exposure to moist air to form a light green heptahydrate.
-chloride-heptahydrate.jpg)
| |||
| |||
| Names | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Praseodymium(III) chloride | |||
| Other names
Praseodymium chloride; praseodymium trichloride | |||
| Identifiers | |||
| |||
3D model (JSmol) |
| ||
| ChemSpider | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.030.710 | ||
| EC Number |
| ||
PubChem CID |
|||
| UNII | |||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
| ||
| |||
| |||
| Properties | |||
| PrCl3 | |||
| Molar mass | 247.24 g/mol (anhydrous) 373.77 g/mol (heptahydrate) | ||
| Appearance | blue-green solid (anhydrous) light green solid (heptahydrate) | ||
| Density | 4.02 g/cm3 (anhydrous) 2.250 g/cm3 (heptahydrate) | ||
| Melting point | 786 °C (1,447 °F; 1,059 K) | ||
| Boiling point | 1,710 °C (3,110 °F; 1,980 K) | ||
| 104.0 g/100 ml (13 °C) | |||
| +44.5·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
| Structure | |||
| hexagonal (UCl3 type), hP8 | |||
| P63/m, No. 176 | |||
| Tricapped trigonal prismatic (nine-coordinate) | |||
| Hazards | |||
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |||
Main hazards |
Irritant | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Other anions |
Praseodymium(III) oxide, Praseodymium(III) fluoride Praseodymium bromide praseodymium iodide | ||
Other cations |
Cerium(III) chloride Neodymium(III) chloride | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
| |||
_2.png)
Preparation
Praseodymium(III) chloride is prepared by treating praseodymium metal with hydrogen chloride:[1][2]
- 2 Pr + 6 HCl → 2 PrCl3 + 3 H2
It is usually purified by vacuum sublimation.[3]
Hydrated salts of praseodymium(III) chloride can be prepared by treatment of either praseodymium metal or praseodymium(III) carbonate with hydrochloric acid:
- Pr2(CO3)3 + 6 HCl + 15 H2O → 2 [Pr(H2O)9]Cl3 + 3 CO2
PrCl3∙7H2O is a hygroscopic substance, that will not crystallize from the mother liquor unless it is left to dry in a desiccator. Anhydrous PrCl3 can be made by thermal dehydration of the hydrate at 400 °C in the presence of ammonium chloride, the so-called ammonium chloride route.[3][4][5] Alternatively the hydrate can be dehydrated using thionyl chloride.[3][6]
Reactions
Praseodymium(III) chloride is Lewis acidic, classified as "hard" according to the HSAB concept. Rapid heating of the hydrate may cause small amounts of hydrolysis.[3] PrCl3 forms a stable Lewis acid-base complex K2PrCl5 by reaction with potassium chloride; this compound shows interesting optical and magnetic properties.[1]
Aqueous solutions of praseodymium(III) chloride can be used to prepare insoluble praseodymium(III) compounds. For example, praseodymium(III) phosphate and praseodymium(III) fluoride can be prepared by reaction with potassium phosphate and sodium fluoride, respectively:
- PrCl3 + K3PO4 → PrPO4 + 3 KCl
- PrCl3 + 3 NaF → PrF3 + 3 NaCl
- 2PrCl3 + 3 Na2CO3----> Pr2CO3 + 6NaCl
When heated with alkali metal chlorides, it forms a series of ternary (compounds containing three different elements) materials with the formulae MPr2Cl7, M3PrCl6, M2PrCl5, and M3Pr2Cl9 where M = K, Rb, Cs.[7]
