Promethium(III) chloride
Chemical compound
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Promethium(III) chloride is a chemical compound of promethium and chlorine with the formula PmCl3. It is an ionic, water soluble, crystalline salt that glows in the dark with a pale blue or green light due to promethium's intense radioactivity.
Glowing powder mixture of promethium(III) chloride and zinc sulfide | |
 Crystal structure | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Other names
Promethium chloride; Promethium trichloride | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.034.004 |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID |
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| Properties | |
| Cl3Pm | |
| Molar mass | 251 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | purple solid[1] yellow solid[2] |
| Density | 4.19 g/cm3 (calc., XRD)[3] |
| Melting point | 655 °C (1,211 °F; 928 K)[4] |
| Structure | |
| Trigonal, hP8 | |
| P63/m, No. 176[3] | |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions |
Promethium(III) oxide |
Other cations |
Neodymium(III) chloride, Samarium(III) chloride |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Preparation
Promethium(III) chloride is obtained from promethium(III) oxide by heating it in a stream of dry HCl at 580 °C.[5]
Properties
Promethium(III) chloride is a purple solid with a melting point of 655 °C.[1] It crystallizes in the hexagonal crystal system (NdCl3 type) with the lattice parameters a = 739 pm and c = 421 pm with two formula units per unit cell and thus a calculated density of 4.19 g·cm−3.[6][7] When PmCl3 is heated in the presence of H2O, the pale pink colored promethium(III) oxychloride (PmOCl) is obtained.[6][8]
Applications
Promethium(III) chloride (with 147Pm) has been used to generate long-lasting glow in signal lights and buttons. This application relied on the unstable nature of promethium, which emitted beta radiation (electrons) with a half-life of several years. The electrons were absorbed by a phosphor, generating visible glow.[9] Unlike many other radioactive nuclides, promethium-147 does not emit alpha particles that would degrade the phosphor.[10]