Arginine–tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic

Arginine–tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic, or arginyl-tRNA synthetase 1, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RARS1 gene (previously RARS).^[5][6] This enzyme (like the mitochondrial form, RARS2) functions as a Arginine–tRNA ligase, which means it attaches the amino acid arginine to the corresponding transfer RNA (tRNA^Arg) as part of RNA-to-protein translation.^[6]

AliasesRARS1, ArgRS, DALRD1, HLD9, arginyl-tRNA synthetase, arginyl-tRNA synthetase 1, RARS

External IDsOMIM: 107820; MGI: 1914297; GeneCards: RARS1

PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB

Chr.Chromosome 5 (human)^[1]

Quick facts RARS1, Identifiers ...

RARS1
Identifiers
Aliases	RARS1, ArgRS, DALRD1, HLD9, arginyl-tRNA synthetase, arginyl-tRNA synthetase 1, RARS
External IDs	OMIM: 107820; MGI: 1914297; GeneCards: RARS1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4Q2T, 4Q2X, 4Q2Y, 4R3Z, 4ZAJ
Enzyme activity EC # BRENDA ExPASy KEGG MetaCyc 6.1.1.19 ↗ ↗ ↗ ↗
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 5 (human)[1] Band 5q34 Start 168,486,451 bp[1] End 168,519,301 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse)[2] Band 11|11 A4 Start 35,699,208 bp[2] End 35,725,333 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in Achilles tendon jejunal mucosa rectum islet of Langerhans duodenum body of pancreas gonad stromal cell of endometrium skin of leg skin of abdomen Top expressed in tail of embryo primitive streak genital tubercle hair follicle epiblast gastrula endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel yolk sac crypt of lieberkuhn of small intestine fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity nucleotide binding tRNA binding arginine binding ligase activity protein binding ATP binding cadherin binding arginine-tRNA ligase activity Cellular component membrane nucleoplasm mitochondrion extracellular exosome nucleus cytoplasm aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase multienzyme complex cytosol Biological process protein biosynthesis tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation arginyl-tRNA aminoacylation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Databases NCBI: entry; OMA: entry Species Human Mouse Entrez 5917 104458 Ensembl ENSG00000113643 ENSMUSG00000018848 UniProt P54136 Q9D0I9 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002887 NM_025936 RefSeq (protein) NP_002878 NP_080212 Location (UCSC) Chr 5: 168.49 – 168.52 Mb Chr 11: 35.7 – 35.73 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
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Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. Arginyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.^[6]