Rhaetian Railway ABe 4/4 (core network)

In service1939–1990s

ManufacturerBBC, MFO, and SWS

Constructed1939–1940

Number built4

Rhaetian Railway ABe 4/4
ABe 4/4 no 501 at Landquart locomotive depot.
In service	1939–1990s
Manufacturer	BBC, MFO, and SWS
Constructed	1939–1940
Number built	4
Number preserved	1
Number scrapped	3
Fleet numbers	501–504
Capacity	12 First, 28 second
Operators	Rhaetian Railway
Specifications
Car length	18,000 mm (59 ft 1 in)
Maximum speed	70 km/h (43 mph)
Weight	39 tonnes (38 long tons; 43 short tons)
Power output	440 kW (590 hp)
Electric system(s)	11 kV 16.7 Hz AC Overhead
Current collection	Pantograph
UIC classification	Bo′Bo′
Track gauge	1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge

The Rhaetian Railway ABe 4/4 was a class of 11 kV 16.7 Hz AC metre gauge railcars operating on the so-called core network of the Rhaetian Railway (RhB), which is the main railway network in the Canton of Graubünden, Switzerland.

The class was so named under the Swiss locomotive and railcar classification system. According to that system, ABe 4/4 denotes an electric railcar with first and second class compartments, and a total of four axles, all of which are drive axles.

The four members of the ABe 4/4 class, nos 501 to 504, entered service in 1939–1940, and were withdrawn from service at the end of the 1990s. One of them, no 501, has been preserved.

The ABe 4/4s in service

The four ABe 4/4 vehicles were procured in response to an increase in road transport in Graubünden.

The Rhaetian Railway, with its heavy mixed trains requiring shunting at many stations, and with its Ge 6/6 ^I class locomotives capable of only 55 kilometres per hour (34 mph), could not then match its road-borne competition. However, a new concept — simple, fast, frequent train services operated by the four new railcars — was seen as capable of winning back patronage on the most important railway lines to Davos and St Moritz. Together with the four powered vehicles, the Rhaetian Railway procured eight passenger cars, similarly in light steel construction, and promoted the new offering under the name Flying Rhaetian.

This attempt to deal with the competition failed, for two reasons. First, the short railcar powered trains could not cope with the increased demand. Secondly, there were so many technical failures, most of them due to the extremely lightweight construction, that the railcars were often out of service. From 1949, however, the Rhaetian Railway had greater success with the more solidly built Ge 4/4 ^I class locomotives.

After the Rhaetian Railway's main workshop at Landquart had succeeded in solving the technical problems afflicting the ABe 4/4s, the four railcars could be used reliably. From 1968, they could also be operated in pairs, using their newly installed multiple-unit train controls.

The last phase of the ABe 4/4s' working life began in 1982, as the Rhaetian Railway placed into service the three control cars, nos BDt 1721–1723. From then onwards, push-pull trains each made up of an ABe 4/4, an intermediate car if required, and a control car served the Oberengadin branch line Samedan – Pontresina, until the opening of the Vereina line in 1999, and the associated introduction of the NEVA Retica timetable concept made them superfluous.

ABe 4/4s nos 502 to 504 were withdrawn from service at the end of the 1990s and later scrapped. No 501 is still based at the Landquart locomotive depot as a heritage vehicle.

v t e Rolling stock of the Rhaetian Railway (RhB)
Steam locomotives	G 3/4 G 2x2/2 G 2/2+2/3 G 2/3+2/2 G 4/5
Electric locomotives	Ge 2/2 Ge 3/3 Ge 2/4 Ge 4/4 I Ge 4/4 II Ge 4/4 III Ge 4/6 Ge 6/6 I Ge 6/6 II Ge 4/4 181 Ge 4/4 182
Electro-diesel locomotives	Gem 4/4
Diesel locomotives	Gm 3/3 Gm 4/4 Gmf 4/4
Railcars	ABe 4/4 (core network) Be 4/4 AB(D)e 4/4 (Arosa) ABe 4/4 I ABe 4/4 II ABe 4/4 III ABe 8/12 ABe 4/16 De 2/2
Tractors	Te 2/2 Tm 2/2 Tmf 2/2
Snow blowers	Xrotd Xrote Xrotm
Passenger cars	ABt BDt Einheitswagen I Einheitswagen II Einheitswagen III Einheitswagen IV Panoramawagen Schwerer Stahlwagen Aussichtswagen

Rhaetian Railway ABe 4/4 (core network)

The ABe 4/4s in service

Sources, further reading

Literature

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