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Silver(I,III) oxide

Chemical compound From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Silver(I,III) oxide or tetrasilver tetroxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Ag4O4. It is a component of silver zinc batteries. It can be prepared by the slow addition of a silver(I) salt to a persulfate solution e.g. AgNO3 to a Na2S2O8 solution.[1] It adopts an unusual structure, being a mixed-valence compound.[2] It is a dark brown solid that decomposes with evolution of O2 in water. It dissolves in concentrated nitric acid to give brown solutions containing the Ag2+ ion.[3]

Quick facts Names, Identifiers ...
Silver(I,III) oxide
Silver(I,III) Oxide
Silver(I,III) Oxide
  Ag(I)   Ag(III)   O
Names
IUPAC name
silver(I,III) Oxide
Other names
  • Argentic oxide
  • Divasil
  • Silver peroxide
  • Silver suboxide
  • Tetrasilver tetroxide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.013.726 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 215-098-2
UNII
  • InChI=1S/4Ag.4O
    Key: RARXNJBGGSMBMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • [Ag]O[Ag].O=[Ag]O[Ag]=O
Properties
Ag4O4

Ag2O.Ag2O3

Molar mass 123.87 g/mol
Appearance grey-black powder
diamagnetic
Density 7.48 g/cm3
Melting point >100 °C (decomposes)
0.0027 g/100 mL
Solubility soluble in alkalis
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS03: OxidizingGHS05: CorrosiveGHS07: Exclamation markGHS09: Environmental hazard
Danger
H272, H315, H319, H335
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g. calciumSpecial hazards (white): no code
3
0
1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Structure

Although its empirical formula, AgO, suggests that the compound tetrasilver tetraoxide has silver in the +2 oxidation state, each unit has two monovalent silver atoms bonded to an oxygen atom, and two trivalent silver atoms bonded to three oxygen atoms, and it is in fact diamagnetic. X-ray diffraction studies show that the silver atoms adopt two different coordination environments, one having two collinear oxide neighbours and the other four coplanar oxide neighbours.[1] tetrasilver tetraoxide is therefore formulated as AgIAgIIIO2[4] or Ag2O·Ag2O3. It has previously been called silver peroxide, which is incorrect since it does not contain the peroxide ion, O22−.

Uses

Tetrasilver tetroxide has been marketed under a trade name "Tetrasil." In 2010, the FDA issued a warning letter to an American company concerning the firm's marketing of Tetrasil and Genisil ointments of tetrasilver tetroxide for herpes and similar conditions.[5]

Notes

  1. [a]
    https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/44150047 lists only CAS 155645-89-9. Perhaps the CASNo 1301-96-8 is due to https://patents.justia.com/patent/6645531 (Antelman, year 2000): "Tetrasilver tetroxide compositions... have been commercially sold under the poorly named “Ag(II) OXIDE” tradename. They may be obtained from Aldrich Chemical Co., Inc..."

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