The Legend of the Condor Heroes

1957–1959 novel by Jin Yong From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Legend of the Condor Heroes (射鵰英雄傳) is a wuxia novel by Chinese writer Jin Yong (Louis Cha). It is the first part of the Condor Trilogy and is followed by The Return of the Condor Heroes and The Heaven Sword and Dragon Saber. It was first serialised between 1 January 1957 and 19 May 1959 in the newspaper Hong Kong Commercial Daily.[1] Jin Yong revised the novel twice, first in the 1970s and later in the 2000s. The English title is imprecise since neither species of the condor, the Andean condor and Californian condor, is native to China.

AuthorJin Yong
Originaltitle射鵰英雄傳
LanguageChinese
Quick facts Author, Original title ...
The Legend of the Condor Heroes
Cover of a 1960s edition of the 1st volume of the novel
AuthorJin Yong
Original title射鵰英雄傳
LanguageChinese
SeriesCondor Trilogy
GenreWuxia
PublisherHong Kong Commercial Daily
Publication date1 January 1957 to 19 May 1959
Publication placeHong Kong
Media typePrint
ISBN9786263615878
Preceded byDemi-Gods and Semi-Devils 
Followed byThe Return of the Condor Heroes 
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TraditionalChinese射鵰英雄傳
SimplifiedChinese射雕英雄传
Literal meaningStory of the Eagle Shooting Hero
Hanyu PinyinShè Diāo Yīng Xióng Zhuàn
Quick facts Traditional Chinese, Simplified Chinese ...
The Legend of the Condor Heroes
Traditional Chinese射鵰英雄傳
Simplified Chinese射雕英雄传
Literal meaningStory of the Eagle Shooting Hero
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinShè Diāo Yīng Xióng Zhuàn
Yue: Cantonese
Yale RomanizationSeh Diū Yīng Hùhng Jyuhn
JyutpingSe6 Diu1 Jing1 Hung4 Zyun6
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Plot summary

Set in 12th-century China during the wars between the Jin and Song empires and the rise of the Mongol Empire, the story follows the intertwined fates of two families.

Qiu Chuji, a Taoist priest of the Quanzhen Sect, befriends two warriors – Guo Xiaotian and Yang Tiexin – and helps them name their unborn sons in remembrance of the Jingkang Incident. Soon after, the Jin prince Wanyan Honglie orchestrates an attack on the Guo and Yang families. Guo Xiaotian is killed while Yang Tiexin disappears. Guo Xiaotian's widow, Li Ping, flees to Mongolia, where she gives birth to Guo Jing and raises him under the protection of Genghis Khan. Meanwhile, Yang Tiexin's wife, Bao Xiruo, is taken in by Wanyan Honglie and gives birth to Yang Kang, who is raised as a Jin nobleman.

Years later, Guo Jing grows up in Mongolia. Though slow-witted, he becomes a competent martial artist after undergoing training by the "Seven Freaks of Jiangnan" and other masters. He also earns the favour of Genghis Khan, who betroths him to his daughter Huazheng. Guo Jing eventually travels south and meets Huang Rong, the intelligent daughter of Huang Yaoshi, one of the top five martial artists in the wulin. The two fall in love and go on a series of adventures together.

During his journey, Guo Jing encounters Yang Kang, who has grown up cunning and ambitious. Yang Kang refuses to acknowledge his Han Chinese heritage and aligns himself with his stepfather Wanyan Honglie. Their conflict intensifies after Yang Tiexin and Bao Xiruo are reunited but ultimately die while attempting to escape, leaving Yang Kang further entrenched in his loyalty to the Jin Empire.

While roaming the wulin, Guo Jing and Huang Rong encounter the other top martial artists, including Hong Qigong and Ouyang Feng. They become the former's apprentices, learning his most formidable skills "Eighteen Dragon-Subduing Palms" and "Dog Beating Staff Skill". At one point, Huang Rong even succeeds Hong Qigong as the chief of the Beggar Clan. Meanwhile, a longstanding rivalry over a highly-coveted martial arts manual, the Jiuyin Zhenjing, continues to drive conflicts in the wulin.

Yang Kang's villainy culminates in betrayal and murder. All this time, he has been lying to his romantic partner, Mu Nianci, about his loyalty to the Jin Empire even though he genuinely loves her. His treachery is ultimately exposed and he dies after a failed attempt at hurting Huang Rong, leaving behind Mu Nianci and their unborn son.

Meanwhile, Guo Jing participates in the Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire and avenges his father by killing Wanyan Honglie. However, when Genghis Khan sets his sights on conquering the Song Empire, Guo Jing refuses to fight for the Khan against his ancestral homeland. After Li Ping sacrifices her life to remind Guo Jing of his heritage, he parts ways with the Mongols and returns to the Song Empire.

The story concludes with Guo Jing and Huang Rong reconciling after various misunderstandings and getting engaged. The couple dedicate themselves to protecting the Song Empire from an impending Mongol invasion, and their story continues in the sequel.

Characters

English translation

The novel has been translated into English in four volumes:

  1. A Hero Born by Anna Holmwood (2018)[2]
  2. A Bond Undone by Gigi Chang (2019)
  3. A Snake Lies Waiting by Anna Holmwood and Gigi Chang (2020)
  4. A Heart Divided by Gigi Chang and Shelly Bryant (2021)

Adaptations

Films

More information Year, Production ...
YearProductionDirector(s)Main castAdditional information
1958Emei Film Company
(Hong Kong)
Wu PangCho Tat-wah, Yung Siu-yee, Lam Kau, Lai Kwan-linStory of the Vulture Conqueror
1977Shaw Brothers Studio
(Hong Kong)
Chang ChehAlexander Fu, Tien Niu, Lee I-min, Kara HuiThe Brave Archer
1978Alexander Fu, Niu-niu, Lee I-min, Kara HuiThe Brave Archer 2
1981Alexander Fu, Niu-niu, Yu Tai-pingThe Brave Archer 3
1993Scholars Limited
(Hong Kong)
Jeffrey LauLeslie Cheung, Brigitte Lin, Maggie Cheung, Tony Leung Chiu-Wai, Jacky CheungThe Eagle Shooting Heroes
1994Wong Kar-waiLeslie Cheung, Brigitte Lin, Maggie Cheung, Tony Leung Chiu-Wai, Tony Leung Ka-fai, Jacky CheungAshes of Time
2021Lajin, Media Asia Film, CFM, M&H Pictures
(Mainland China)
Zhu LingfengEddy Geng, Lin Yurou, Alex To, Eddie Kwan, Lam Chi-chung, Yue DongfengThe Legend of the Condor Heroes: The Dragon Tamer
2021Daniel FuKevin Yan, Ruan Ju, Tracy Wang, He Changxi, Tim Huang, Charles LinThe Legend of the Condor Heroes: The Cadaverous Claw
2025China Film Group Corporation
(Mainland China)
Tsui HarkXiao Zhan, Sabrina Zhuang, Tony Leung Ka-faiLegends of the Condor Heroes: The Gallants
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Television series

More information Year, Production ...
YearProductionMain castAdditional information
1976CTV
(Hong Kong)
Jason Pai, Michelle Yim, Bruce Leung, Mang ChauThe Legend of the Condor Heroes (1976 TV series)
1983TVB
(Hong Kong)
Felix Wong, Barbara Yung, Michael Miu, Sharon YeungThe Legend of the Condor Heroes (1983 TV series)
1988China Television
(Taiwan)
Howie Huang, Idy Chan, Poon Wang-ban, Chiu Shu-yiThe Legend of the Condor Heroes (1988 TV series)
1992TVB
(Hong Kong)
Ekin Cheng, Fiona Leung, Gallen Lo, Eddie Kwan, Vivian ChowRage and Passion
1993Julian Cheung, Emily Kwan, David Chiang, Fiona LeungThe Mystery of the Condor Hero
1994Julian Cheung, Athena Chu, Gallen Lo, Emily KwanThe Legend of the Condor Heroes (1994 TV series)
Ekin Cheng, Marco Ngai, Wong Siu-yin, Charine Chan, Chan Wai-yee, Wayne LaiThe Condor Heroes Return
1998Taiwan Television
(Taiwan)
Richie Ren, Jacklyn Wu, Sun Xing, Patricia Ha, Ji Qin, June Tsai, Chen Hong, Ben LeeThe Return of the Condor Heroes (1998 Taiwanese TV series)
2003Ciwen Film & TV Production
(Mainland China)
Li Yapeng, Zhou Xun, Zhou Jie, Jiang QinqinThe Legend of the Condor Heroes (2003 TV series)
2008Chinese Entertainment Shanghai
(Mainland China)
Hu Ge, Ariel Lin, Justin Yuan, Cecilia LiuThe Legend of the Condor Heroes (2008 TV series)
2017Dragon TV
(Mainland China)
Yang Xuwen, Li Yitong, Chen Xingxu, Meng Ziyi, Michael MiuThe Legend of the Condor Heroes (2017 TV series)
2024Tencent Video
(Mainland China)
Ci Sha, Bao Shang'en, Gao Weiguang, Meng Ziyi, Chen Duling, Hankiz OmarThe Legend of Heroes: Hot Blooded (2024 TV series)
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Comics

In 1998, Hong Kong's Ming Ho Press (明河社) published a 38 volume manhua series illustrated by Lee Chi Ching. This was published in Indonesia by MNC Comics in 2000.

Video games

References

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