Thong Pha Phum district
District in Kanchanaburi, Thailand
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Thong Pha Phum (Thai: ทองผาภูมิ, pronounced [tʰɔ̄ːŋ pʰǎː pʰūːm]) is a district (amphoe) in the northern part of Kanchanaburi province, central Thailand and is located west of Bangkok.
Thong Pha Phum
ทองผาภูมิ | |
|---|---|
| |
 District location in Kanchanaburi province | |
| Coordinates: 14°44′45″N 98°37′30″E | |
| Country |  Thailand |
| Province |  Kanchanaburi |
| Seat | Tha Khanun |
| Area | |
• Total | 3,655 km2 (1,411 sq mi) |
| Population (2024)[2] | |
• Total | 71,315 |
| • Density | 20/km2 (52/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (ICT) |
| Postal code | 71180 |
| Calling code | 034 |
| ISO 3166 code | TH-7107 |
History
At first Thong Pha Phum was the minor district (king amphoe) Sangkhla Buri, a subordinate of Wang Ka District. In 1939 the name Sangkhla Buri was assigned to Wang Ka, while the minor district was renamed Thong Pha Phum.[3] On 20 May 1941 it was upgraded to a full district, while at the same time Sangkhla Buri was reduced to a minor district.[4] It then consisted of the six tambons Tha Khanun, Hin Dat, Dika, Chalae, Pilok, and Linthin.
Geography
Neighboring are (from west clockwise) Tanintharyi Division of Myanmar, Sangkhla Buri of Kanchanaburi province, Umphang of Tak province, Ban Rai of Uthai Thani province, Si Sawat and Sai Yok of Kanchanaburi province.
The district's important water resource is the Khwae Noi River, which is dammed by the district's Vajiralongkorn Dam.
Thong Pha Phum, Lam Khlong Ngu, Khuean Srinagarindra, and Khao Laem National Parks are found in the district.
Environment
The economy includes the 460 million baht cleanup of the lead tailings in Klity Creek, caused by a now-closed lead processing factory; the cleanup is "the first state-supervised environmental cleanup in Thailand".[5] The Bo Ngam lead mine severely contaminated the soil, where the lead content was as high at 15%. Despite this, 48 species of plants were found growing in the area, suggesting possible bioremediation.[6]
Climate
Thong Pha Phum district has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen climate classification Aw). Winters are dry and very warm. Temperatures rise until April, which is very hot with the average daily maximum at 37.8 °C (100.0 °F). The monsoon season runs from May through October, with heavy rain and somewhat cooler temparatures during the day, although nights remain warm.
| Climate data for Thong Pha Phum (1991–2020, extremes 1970-present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 37.3 (99.1) |
39.2 (102.6) |
41.3 (106.3) |
43.0 (109.4) |
42.3 (108.1) |
38.0 (100.4) |
36.5 (97.7) |
36.2 (97.2) |
35.7 (96.3) |
36.0 (96.8) |
37.3 (99.1) |
39.2 (102.6) |
43.0 (109.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 33.6 (92.5) |
35.7 (96.3) |
37.4 (99.3) |
37.8 (100.0) |
34.8 (94.6) |
32.4 (90.3) |
31.3 (88.3) |
31.1 (88.0) |
32.3 (90.1) |
33.0 (91.4) |
32.9 (91.2) |
32.5 (90.5) |
33.7 (92.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 24.9 (76.8) |
26.9 (80.4) |
29.0 (84.2) |
29.9 (85.8) |
28.5 (83.3) |
27.3 (81.1) |
26.7 (80.1) |
26.5 (79.7) |
26.8 (80.2) |
26.8 (80.2) |
25.8 (78.4) |
24.3 (75.7) |
27.0 (80.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 17.5 (63.5) |
18.9 (66.0) |
21.2 (70.2) |
23.1 (73.6) |
24.0 (75.2) |
23.8 (74.8) |
23.4 (74.1) |
23.2 (73.8) |
23.2 (73.8) |
22.4 (72.3) |
20.1 (68.2) |
17.6 (63.7) |
21.5 (70.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 5.4 (41.7) |
8.1 (46.6) |
11.5 (52.7) |
15.0 (59.0) |
17.0 (62.6) |
19.5 (67.1) |
20.0 (68.0) |
19.5 (67.1) |
19.2 (66.6) |
13.9 (57.0) |
9.4 (48.9) |
5.2 (41.4) |
5.2 (41.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 7.2 (0.28) |
11.5 (0.45) |
53.2 (2.09) |
94.8 (3.73) |
206.5 (8.13) |
249.6 (9.83) |
353.3 (13.91) |
344.9 (13.58) |
250.6 (9.87) |
164.1 (6.46) |
20.7 (0.81) |
5.4 (0.21) |
1,761.8 (69.36) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 0.7 | 1.2 | 3.9 | 6.7 | 15.6 | 20.8 | 23.9 | 24.2 | 20.2 | 13.0 | 2.1 | 0.6 | 132.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 71.8 | 65.3 | 63.7 | 68.7 | 79.1 | 84.6 | 86.6 | 87.3 | 85.9 | 84.0 | 79.3 | 75.4 | 77.6 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 279.0 | 262.7 | 275.9 | 276.0 | 155.0 | 114.0 | 58.9 | 58.9 | 54.0 | 145.7 | 219.0 | 279.0 | 2,178.1 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 9.0 | 9.3 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 5.0 | 3.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 4.7 | 7.3 | 9.0 | 6.0 |
| Source 1: World Meteorological Organization[7] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Office of Water Management and Hydrology, Royal Irrigation Department (sun 1981–2010)[8](extremes)[9] | |||||||||||||
Administration
Provincial administration
The district is divided into seven subdistricts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 45 administrative villages (mubans).[2]
| No. | Subdistrict | Thai | Villages | Pop. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Tha Khanun | ท่าขนุน | 5 | 21,180 |
| 2. | Pilok | ปิล๊อก | 4 | 6,155 |
| 3. | Hin Dat | หินดาด | 8 | 6,182 |
| 4. | Linthin | ลิ่นถิ่น | 7 | 8,595 |
| 5. | Chalae | ชะแล | 7 | 11,923 |
| 6. | Huai Khayeng | ห้วยเขย่ง | 8 | 11,601 |
| 7. | Sahakon Nikhon | สหกรณ์นิคม | 6 | 5,679 |
| Total | 45 | 71,315 |
Local government
Municipalities
As of December 2024 there are: four municipal (thesaban) areas in the district; these are subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambons) of which Linthin and Sahakon Nikhon cover the whole subdistrict, Thong Pha Phum covers only village no.1 of Tha Kanun subdistrict and Tha Kanun covers the remaining of the same named subdistrict.[10]
| Subdistrict municipality | Pop. | LAO code | website |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tha Khanun | 18,128 | 05710701 | thakanun |
| Linthin | 8,595 | 05710705 | linthinkan |
| Sahakon Nikhon | 5,679 | 05710703 | sahakornnikom |
| Thong Pha Phum subdistrict mun. | Pop. | 05710702 | tpm |
| Tha Khanun | 3,052 |
Subdistrict administrative organizations
The non-municipal areas are administered by four subdistrict administrative organizations - SAO (ongkan borihan suan tambon - o bo toh).[10]
| Subdistrict adm.org - SAO | Pop. | LAO code | website |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chalae SAO | 11,923 | 06710707 | chalae |
| Huai Khayeng SAO | 11,601 | 06710708 | huaikhayeng-sao |
| Hin Dat SAO | 6,182 | 06710706 | |
| Pilok SAO | 6,155 | 06710704 | pilok |
Education
- 37 primary schools
- 4 secondary schools[11]
Healthcare
Hospital
Thong Pha Phum district is served by one hospital
- Thong Pha Phum Hospital with 95 beds.
Health promoting hospitals
In the district there are thirteen health-promoting hospitals in total.[12]
| 1 Pilok | 1 Sahakon Nikhom | 2 Hin Dat | 2 Huai Khayeng |
| 2 Lithin | 2 Tha Khanun | 3 Chalae | |