Amine N-methyltransferase
Class of enzymes
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Amine N-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.49), also called indolethylamine N-methyltransferase, and thioether S-methyltransferase, is an enzyme that is ubiquitously present in non-neural tissues and catalyzes the N-methylation of tryptamine and structurally related compounds.[1][2] It can also catalyze the methylation of thioether and selenoether compounds, although the physiological significance of this biotransformation is not yet known.[3][4]
| amine N-methyltransferase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indolethylamine N-methyltransferase (with slight variation on CPK coloration) – See PDB 2A14 | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC no. | 2.1.1.49 | ||||||||
| CAS no. | 51377-47-0 | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| BRENDA | enzyme data | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | enzyme entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| Rhea | reactions | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
| Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO | ||||||||
| |||||||||
The general reaction taking place is:
- S-adenosyl-L-methionine + an amine S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a methylated amine
Function
Important reactions known to be catalysed by the enzyme include the dimethylation of tryptamine[5] and serotonin, which are transformed to N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and bufotenine respectively, for example:[6]
A wide range of primary, secondary and tertiary amines can act as substrates, including tryptamine, aniline, nicotine and a variety of drugs and other xenobiotics.[2][7][8]
The enzyme can also transfer methyl groups to atoms other than nitrogen, for example sulfur and selenium.[3][4]
Nomenclature
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring one-carbon group methyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is S-adenosyl-L-methionine:amine N-methyltransferase. Other names in common use include nicotine N-methyltransferase, tryptamine N-methyltransferase, indolethylamine N-methyltransferase, and arylamine N-methyltransferase.[9]
