User:Dustfreeworld/sandbox

PMC9339099

10256160

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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014765132100405X Blood lead levels and their associated risk factors in Chinese adults from 1980 to 2018 /pm2.5

https://www.psychiatry.org/news-room/apa-blogs/air-pollution%E2%80%99s-impact-on-mental-health Air pollution’s Impact on Mental Health

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36116638/ Review. Short-term exposure to air pollution is an emerging but neglected risk factor for schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32560306/ Review. Ambient Air Pollution Increases the Risk of Cerebrovascular and Neuropsychiatric Disorders through Induction of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27720315/ •

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32568207/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10252423/

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36613749/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2917196/

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36598457/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/37469682/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4736276/

https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:daed677c-0ba5-4dad-b953-cb3562d4007d/files/rpc289j52n

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https://www.google.com/search?q=aerosol%20virus https://archive.ph/JhNAo

https://www.google.com/search?q=particulate+virus

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.2c03856 Co-Exposure of Ambient Particulate Matter and Airborne Transmission Pathogens: The Impairment of the Upper Respiratory Systems

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yu-Qi-9

Dusty process, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XMXa1QImM54

https://web.archive.org/web/20230627041454/http://www.epta.eu/health-and-safety

Fume extraction:

https://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/safety_haz/welding/fumes.html#section-7-hdr

Possible warming effect of fine particulate matter in the atmosphere

https://archive.is/*.nullschool.net

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Control/prevention. Education/incentives (workers/public/industries,etc) Regulations of production/import/use/discharge/maintenance/abandonment of potentially toxic/harmful materials/machineries/power tools/facilities (with sufficient enforcement and penalties) Source/exposure Global Regional Urban planning/building density/building design Vicinity/weather/fugitive On-site/IAQ/SBS/HVAC bathroom vapour Secondary contamination Personal (eyes/nose/ears/mouth/teeth/skin/hands/nail/hair;clothes;shoes;accessories;personal belongings) Breathing zone Personal cloud Adjustable air purifier

Home(windows/door/drain outlet/exhaust fan/air conditioner/stairway/chimney effect/rooftop...) Shopping mall Restaurant School Office Hotel... Crowded area Confined space

Deteriorated paint(peel/chip/crack...)(humidity/temp....)

Ventilation(when & for how long)

Proper ventilation(pollutants out>pollutants in; to reduce the concentration of the problematic pollutant[s]; at the right outlet for the right/adequate amount of time; if done wrongly can have opposite/adverse effects...)

Permanent/long-term/short-term Acute(use of power tools/renovation/refurbishment/construction projects/roadwork/dusty material not covered(soot, construction wastes...)/any nearby point source/wind(downwind)/change in weather cond./coexist high bg level/heavy industries/recycling plants/mining/smelting/911/fire...)/Chronic

Macro meso micro ... Super(im)position over time

Quota Threshold Predisposition

Interaction(chemical/biological) in vitro/in vivo

Body in out rate Detox?

AQI/measurement vs Real exposure

No emission vs Removal at source vs Exposure prevention vs Removal after exposure

Hygiene(public/personal)

Food/Water/Soil/Products Contamination(source/transportation/preparation/consumption)

Most significant source people are exposed to (amount.pnc / toxicity/proximity/shape/hardness/size/weight/frequency/duration..). Urban(cities)/rural. Developed/less developed

Body defense (cough/sneezing/hiccup/sputum/tears/nausea/vomiting/itch/inflammation...)

Site of deposition Lodged or not Disease implications

Voc, paint dust Dolsot Heat island

Rainwater (clean/dirty?)

Lightning Dust fire/explosion Fire

Wind(disperse pollutants; -pm size, +pnc? + with low temp? humidity? pm travel further when dry? shape? sharper? difficult to disperse/dilute when too humid?) Temperature(evaporation/vaporisation/volatilisation/rate of chem. reaction...)(pm from burning vs pm from mechanical process) Diffusion Particulate Sound Electromagnetic waves Remote sensing

Types of dust (household/road/fugitive/suspended/accumulated...) (windblown and fast-moving/stagnate) (combustible/flammable...) (metal/glass/wood/cement/concrete/slag/asbestos/paint/DPM/ plastics/textile/human/animal/plant/black carbon/ash/coal/soil/pesticide/herbicide/fertiliser...) Interaction/chemical reaction/weather/aging process/degradation/fragmentation

Fine vs Coarse (SA:V) (warming/combustibility/flammability/fire/climate/disease-causing ability)

Amount of dust at diff. height (fugitive, suspended...)

Good dust(fumes) drives away bad dust(fumes)? Can be. But what’s good/bad??

Chelation (e.g. ) Prebiotics Probiotics Gut flora Bacteria Heavy metals Sewage treatment

Desulphovibrio bacteria Sulphate SO2 Parkinson(ism/'s?) TCE Paraquat Manganese Metals Pb Hg Welding CO CS2 ... (?) Toluene#Bioremediation Lead#Restriction_and_remediation

PD/Mn2+/prevent/reverse/treat/chelators/alpha-syn./plants..

AD

Alzheimer’s disease: how precision medicine could [reverse] cognitive decline, Aug 2022

"A recent trial using precision medicine is the first to show cognitive improvement in patients with Alzheimer’s."

“In their pursuit of a personalised approach to Alzheimer’s, the researchers behind the study identified the primary drivers of the disease, which can range from pathogens and toxins to vascular disease…”

“There hadn’t been success with precision medicine for Alzheimer’s because people hadn’t really made deep dives into what is causing this in each person,” Bredesen explains. “So in our case, we looked at many different variables, we determined the contributors to cognitive decline for each person, and then we targeted those.”

“When we do that, the results are really spectacular.”

THERAPEUTIC APPROACH: EVALUATION

The goal of the evaluation is to identify the contributors to the proposed network insufficiency, with the four major groups of contributors being: 1) pro-inflammatory agents and signals; 2) toxins and toxicants (inorganics, organics, and biotoxins); 3) energetics (cerebral blood flow, oxygen saturation, mitochondrial function, and substrate concentration); and 4) trophic support (neurotrophic factors, hormones, and nutrients).

Therefore, laboratory evaluation includes markers of inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, albumin:globulin ratio, fibrinogen, tumor necrosis factor alpha, omega-6:omega-3 ratio, homocysteine, and uric acid), autoimmune markers (such as CD57, anti-thyroglobulin, anti-thyroid peroxidase, and anti-nuclear antigen), immune markers such as immunoglobulins and lymphocyte subsets, as well as potential sources of chronic or recurring inflammation: chronic pathogens such as Herpes family viruses, tick-borne pathogens, SARS-CoV-2, Toxoplasma gondii, or Chlamydia pneumoniae; intestinal hyperpermeability markers (such as antibodies to zonulin or lipopolysaccharide), oral pathogens (such as P. gingivalis, T. denticola, P. intermedia, and F. nucleatum).

Energetic support evaluation includes measurement of nocturnal SpO2 to screen for sleep apnea and upper airway resistance syndrome, identification of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, hemoglobin A1c), lipid panel, mitochondrial function (organic acid tests), markers of hypercoagulation (such as Factor V Leiden and prothrombin mutations, anti-phospholipid antibodies, lipoprotein (a), protein C and protein S activity), and advanced lipid panels.

Toxin and toxicant evaluation includes screening for exposure to metals (organic and inorganic mercury, lead, cadmium, copper, zinc, iron) and the metalloid arsenic, organics (such as benzene, toluene, glyphosate, and formaldehyde), and biotoxins (such as trichothecenes, ochratoxin A, gliotoxin, and zearalenone). Many of these potential contributors, such as biotoxins, have not been formally recognized as contributing to the cognitive decline associated with AD, but their ability to increase the burden of inflammation and reduce energetic support for the brain makes them strong candidates, and anecdotal evidence implicates them [20].

Trophic support evaluation includes neurotrophins (brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)), nutrients (B vitamins, vitamin D, vitamin E, magnesium, zinc, copper, CoQ10, lipoic acid, omega-6:omega-3 ratio, omega-3 index), and hormones (estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, pregnenolone, sex-hormone binding globulin, DHEA sulfate, and thyroid).

Genetic testing is carried out, focused especially on genetic variants related to inflammation, methylation, detoxification, hypercoagulability, neurotrophins, neurotransmitters, mitochondrial function, nutrient metabolism, hormone metabolism and signaling, antioxidation, and metal binding. Imaging is carried out utilizing brain MRI with regional volumetrics. For some patients, electrophysiological tests are also included, with special attention paid to the P300 evoked response (P300a and b), dominant alpha rhythm on EEG, and theta:beta ratio on EEG.

Valuable new tests, unavailable at the time of the previous trial but incorporated into the ongoing randomized controlled trial (https://www.dementiareversaltrial.com/; https://beta.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05894954?cond=Cognitive%20Decline&term=reversal&rank=5), should improve accuracy in both diagnosis and follow-up. These tests include epigenetic evaluation as well as blood tests for biomarkers such as p-tau 181, p-tau 217, Aβ42 : 40 ratio, GFAP, and neurofilament light. From these laboratory tests, potential contributors to cognitive decline are identified.

It should be clarified that, unlike in previous teaching that AD should be distinguished from “treatable causes of dementia” (such as normal pressure hydrocephalus or neurosyphilis), here these various treatable factors are potential contributors to AD pathophysiology, not unrelated comorbidities. AD is thus treated as a chronic innate encephalitis that represents a response to these various insults, much as the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis has turned out to represent a response to Epstein-Barr virus (and potentially other viruses) [21], with the key distinction being that multiple sclerosis involves dysregulated adaptive immunity (autoimmunity) [22], whereas AD may primarily involve innate immunity [23].

In addition to determining the potential contributors to AD, the evaluation stratifies patients into AD subtypes in accord with the dominant contributor(s) [24]: inflammatory, glycotoxic, atrophic, toxic, vascular, or traumatic. However, in most patients, multiple subtypes are present. ^[1]

THERAPEUTIC APPROACH: TREATMENT

The results of the evaluation of each patient implicate specific contributors and their associated pathways and mechanisms, which are then addressed with a personalized protocol. However, there are core considerations that are included for every patient, such as the goal of achieving insulin sensitivity and metabolic flexibility, i.e., the ability to alternate utilization of glucose and ketones. The defect in glucose utilization in the temporal and parietal brain regions (and especially in the posterior cingulate and precuneus) has been well documented [25], as has the increased risk of cognitive decline in individuals with insulin resistance [26]. Furthermore, the use of exogenous ketones has been shown to improve cognitive function in patients with MCI [27].

Thus, the goal is to identify and address the factors associated theoretically and epidemiologically (though in some cases yet to be proven causally) with AD-related cognitive decline, both common and patient-specific:

• Optimize energetic support (oxygenation, cerebral blood flow, substrate availability, and mitochondrial function);

• Restore insulin sensitivity;

• Improve hyperlipidemia;

• Resolve inflammation if present (and remove the cause(s) of the inflammation);

• Treat identified pathogens;

• Optimize trophic support (hormones, nutrients, and neurotrophic factors);

• Treat autoimmunity if identified;

• Detoxify if toxins are identified.

This approach requires more extensive evaluation than is the current standard of care for patients presenting with cognitive decline, as well as a more complex treatment regimen, and a treatment team that is most effective when including a health coach, nutritionist, and a physical trainer, along with the physician.

The goals of the nutritional component of the protocol are mild ketosis (1.0–4.0 mM beta-hydroxybutyrate) and insulin sensitivity (i.e., metabolic flexibility), microbiome optimization, healing of any gastrointestinal hyperpermeability, avoidance of malabsorption, detoxification, and supply of key nutrients for cognition, such as choline, vitamin B12, and vitamin D. To accomplish these goals, a plant-rich, high-fiber (soluble and insoluble), mildly ketogenic diet, high in leafy greens and other non-starchy vegetables (raw and cooked), high in unsaturated fats (both monounsaturated and polyunsaturated), low in glycemic load, with a fasting period of 12–16 h each night is recommended, and glucose and ketone levels are followed. It is noteworthy that this nutritional approach often leads to improvement in blood pressure, lipid profiles, and glycemic control. Toxicant-minimized produce (often labeled “organic”), wild-caught low-mercury fish (salmon, mackerel, anchovies, sardines, and herring), and modest consumption of pastured eggs and meats are allowed, and avoidance of processed food, simple carbohydrates, grains, and dairy are recommended. Blood ketone levels are monitored with fingerstick ketone meters, with a goal of 1.0–4.0 mM beta-hydroxybutyrate, or less desirably with breathalyzers monitoring acetone levels. The importance of including ketosis as a goal has been supported by the work of Cunnane et al. [28].

The goals of the exercise component of the common part of the protocol are to improve cardiovascular and endothelial functions and insulin sensitivity, enhance ketosis, BDNF, cerebral blood flow, and sleep. Both aerobic and strength training are recommended for at least 45 min per day, at least six days per week (for aerobic exercise) and at least twice per week (for strength training), and this may be facilitated by personal trainers. Balance training is also encouraged. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is recommended a minimum of twice per week for those capable of performing HIIT.

Sleep hygiene is recommended to ensure 7–8 h of sleep per night, and patients without a diagnosis of sleep apnea are tested over several nights using home sleep study devices. In those diagnosed with sleep apnea or upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS), referral for treatment with a continuous positive airway pressure apparatus or a dental splint device (for those identified with UARS) is provided. Sleep stages are monitored with a wearable device, with a goal of at least one hour of deep, slow-wave sleep per night, and at least 90 min of REM sleep.

Stress is another potential contributor to the cognitive decline associated with AD [29], and therefore management of stress is included as a core component. There are many techniques to address stress as a contributor, with a goal of increasing vagal tone and improving associated heart-rate variability. These include shinrin-yoku [30], transcendental meditation [31], yoga [32], and biofeedback [33], among others.

Although the effect of brain training on cognitive decline has met with some controversy [34], Merzenich and his group have developed and validated brain training approaches to enhance neuroplasticity [35], and therefore brain training is included as a core component of the overall protocol. A HIPAA and SOC-2-compliant platform with empirical validation [36] is utilized, for a minimum of 15 min daily. Participants train on 29 cognitive exercises that target the speed and accuracy of information processing.

For patients in whom suboptimal neurotrophic status is detected (e.g., by serum testing or inference from sedentary lifestyle), BDNF is increased with whole coffee fruit extract (as well as exercise and ketosis) [37]. For those with suboptimal nutrients (e.g., vitamin D, omega-3, B vitamins, CoQ10, or minerals), appropriate nutrients are provided. For those in whom hormone levels are suboptimal, bio-identical hormone replacement and appropriate supplements are provided to optimize sex hormone levels [38], neurosteroids (dehydroepiandrosterone, pregnenolone, and vitamin D), and thyroid medications as indicated for sub-optimal thyroidfunction.

For those found to have gastrointestinal hyperpermeability, infections, inflammation, or impaired absorption and digestion, gut healing with dietary restriction, gut-healing nutrients, and digestive enzyme support if indicated, along with treatment of any identified dysbiosis, is included in the protocol. Gastrointestinal hyperpermeability is assessed by testing for antibody response to permeability-related antigens such as actomyosin, occludin/zonulin, and lipopolysaccharide.

For those with evidence of systemic inflammation, pro-resolving mediators and anti-inflammatory herbs and supplements (such as liposomal glutathione or S-acetyl glutathione, fish oil, resveratrol, vitamins C and D, boswellia, turmeric, and/or quercetin) are included, and low-dose naltrexone is prescribed for those with evidence of autoimmunity. Omega-3 fats are included via diet and supplementation. Note that low-dose naltrexone was chosen for those with autoimmunity because of its ability to increase endorphins, which in turn bind to lymphocyte receptors and regulate immune function, reducing autoimmune responses [39].

As noted above, Itzhaki and other investigators have made a compelling case for a role for microbes in AD pathogenesis [6]. Moreover, as reported by Moir and their colleagues, the oligomeric Aβ peptide is a potent anti-microbial peptide [40], which, similar to other antimicrobial peptides, is produced in response to infections. Therefore, infectious agents associated with cognitive decline or systemic inflammation are identified and treated. For those with evidence of Herpes simplex infection or a history of outbreaks, valacyclovir is prescribed for 3–12 months. Active Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is treated with herbal protocols (such as juniperus, acer, and tamarix or monolaurin, lysine, and olive leaf extract). For those with evidence of tick-borne infections [41] such as Borrelia, Babesia, or Bartonella, organism-sensitive treatment is prescribed with herbal anti-microbials, such as Cryptolepis and Japanese knotweed [42], along with immune support.

For those with toxicity associated with metals (e.g., mercury or lead), organic pollutants (e.g., benzene, phthalates, or organophosphate insecticides), or biotoxins (e.g., trichothecenes, ochratoxin A, or gliotoxin), detoxification is undertaken, starting with identification and avoidance of exposure, and adding binding agents (e.g., cholestyramine, activated charcoal, or bentonite clay), sauna, herbs, sulforaphane, and dietary restriction of seafood if indicated.^[1]

Virus

MyExposome Epigenetic Nanomedicine Precision medicine

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NIEHS

https://factor.niehs.nih.gov/2023/1/science-highlights/papers-of-the-year

Transforming the understanding of human health and disease diabetes, asbestos, coal dust; environmental exposures > genetics

https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/10.1289/EHP12925 prostate cancer, nitrates, drinking water

https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/93505/cdc_93505_DS1.pdf

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35682254/ hurricane, weather

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Q3oItpVa9fs music heals, noise kills?

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352244968_COVID19_Man_Made_Pandemic_Lead_and_Cadmium_Mutate_Influenza_Virus_Produce_SARS_COV-2 ?

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Lupita-Montoya#publications

Risk risk

https://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674773073

https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv1smjth8

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2614071

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3504530/

https://www.nytimes.com/2023/05/30/well/live/water-filter-bacteria-pfas.html

If true then why? Besides acid rain, what about voc/heavy metals/construction dust/metal dust rain? And (lead) paint deterioration (interior/exterior)? Moisture/dissolved; High rise building (under refurbishment/renovation?), up->down? Or, disturbed soil? ?

Diet, https://www.psychiatry.org/News-room/APA-Blogs/Mental-Health-Through-Better-Nutrition

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37348216/

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Heavy metals Parasites Bacteria Virus Malnutrition Nutrient imbalance

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29409549/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7476227/

https://www.nature.com/news/2007/070625/full/news070625-1.html

https://e360.yale.edu/digest/common-earthworms-used-to-remove-toxic-metals-from-soil

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Cry Cry1 Magnetic field Neuron regrowth TMS Cry4

Light Delayed sleep–wake phase disorder Prostate cancer DNA damage

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Toxic clout (2013?)

https://www.thenewlede.org/2023/11/syngenta-paraquat-secrets-featured-on-abc-news/

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Iron lung (old but good)

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Death prevention (global/national/local) = toxin elimination

Toxin elimination = pollution prevention + toxin-free production

Pollution prevention + toxin-free production = clean air/clean water/clean food

Clean air/clean water/clean food = disease prevention/accident(from erroneous decision-making/machine malfunctioning. . .) prevention = death prevention

+ stay away from (natural) hazards + risk risk

Death prevention (individual) = toxin elimination + [toxin exposure reversion]

Toxin exposure reversion = ?

.

https://xtools.wmflabs.org/topedits/en.wikipedia.org/Dustfreeworld/0

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Road to truth

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On neutrality

Sometimes you agree with this extreme end of the spectrum.

Sometimes you agree with that extreme end of the spectrum.

Sometimes you are in between.

The right (/north/upper/brown/cyan/whatever..) thinks you are the left...

The left (/south/lower/violet/orange/whatever..) thinks you are the right...

Those who are neutral(?) think you are either left... or right...

At the end of the day, you are nothing.

But ... isn’t Wikipedia the place on earth with the largest group of people who aims for neutrality?

No.

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[Plan for Rtm]

On-tool extraction

LEV

Joss paper

Wildfire

Construction dust

Metal dust Power tool

Solvent?

Particulates (struct.)

[Air pollution]

Dust (sidebar; struc.)

DIY project

Welding fume

Sawdust

Bad recycling

Slag?

Geopolymer?

Hk hist. / culture

British hk (changed?) (reasons for decline)

Concrete plants

Hk air p.

Coco Lee

.

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https://www.vogue.com/article/stonewalling-in-a-relationship