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When writing reflectively, a writer attempts to convey their own thought process. Therefore, reflective writing is one of the more more personal styles of writing as the writer is clearly inserted into the work. This style of writing invites both the reader and the writer to introspect and examine their own thoughts and beliefs, and gives the writer and the reader a closer, less distant relationship Dwivedi. Most reflective writing is written in first person, as it speaks to the writer's personal experience, but often it is supplemented with third person in academic works as the writer must support their perspective with outside evidence [TURNER/REID]. Reflective writing is usually a writing style that must be learned and practiced. Most novice writers are not reflective initially, and must progress from imitative writing to their own genuine, critical reflection Dwivedi.

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http://www2.port.ac.uk/media/contacts-and-departments/student-support-services/ask/downloads/Reflective-writing---a-basic-introduction.pdf

• Reflective writing tends to consist of description, or explaining the event and its context; interpretation, or how the experience challenged existing opinions; and outcome, or how the experience contributed to personal or professional development.

https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1210944.pdf

• Reflection is becoming increasingly important in education, as reflecting on completed work helps students see room for improvement.

https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JWAM-10-2015-003/full/pdf?title=learning-through-reflection-the-critical-role-of-reflection-in-work-based-learning-wbl

• USE HELYER 2015 TO CITE STUFF THAT NEEDS CITING IN INTRO - SHE SAYS ALL THAT
• The more someone reflectively writes, the more likely they are to regularly reflect in their everyday life, and think outside the box about accepted practices.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10862960109548127

• Typical academic reflective writings include portfolios, summaries, and journals.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.11120/jebe.2011.06010029?needAccess=trueth

• The concepts of reflection and reflective writing are prevalent in academic literature, but since these terms are social constructs, they have no true definition and are open to interpretation.

CRITICISM

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.11120/jebe.2011.06010029?needAccess=true

Reflective writing in academic settings is sometimes criticized, as there are concerns over its effectiveness. Reflective writing assignments are often weighted low in a course's final grade calculation, and in an increasingly crowded workload, students can see it as an afterthought. It has also been argued that reflective writing assignments are only assigned as "busy work", as they are low maintenance and easy to grade.

Additionally, because students know they will be graded on their reflection, it might be written in an inauthentic way.

Characteristics of reflective writing

The four main characteristics of reflective writing include Dwivedi:

1. Reflection: The writer reflects on the issue (that is, the topic they are writing about) and considers how their own experience and points of view might influence their response. This helps the writer learn about themselves as well as contribute to a better final product that considers biases.

2. Evidence: The writer considers and cites different perspectives and evidence to provide a truly comprehensive reflection. "Evidence" can mean either academic evidence or the writer's own reflections and experiences, depending on whether the piece of reflection is personal or academic.

3. Clarity: The writer must be clear and cohesive. As reflective writing takes the reader through both the writer's own thoughts and other various perspectives, unity and readability are crucial in reflective works to ensure the reader does not get lost.

If the reflection is written for academia — that is, it is not a personal reflection or journal — additional features include [TURNER/REID]:

1. Theory: An academic reflection will integrate theories and other academic works to explain the reflection. For example, a writer might say: "Smith's theory of social engagement might explain why I reacted the way I did."

2. Learning outcomes: An academic reflection will include commentary on how the writer learned from the experience, what they would have done differently, or how their perspectives or opinions have changed as a result of the experience.

Notable researchers

Dewey Gibbs

Reflective writing in academia

Reflective writing is regularly used in academic settings, as it it helps students think about how they think. It's frequently assigned to postsecondary students, and is particularly useful to students in education and health-related fields as it helps them ruminate on their practice.^[1][2] One study showed that students who were assigned reflective writing during a camp developed greater self-awareness, had a better understanding of their goals, and were better able to recognize their personal development. ^[1] Reflective writing is also useful to improve collaboration, as it makes writers aware of how they sound when they voice their thoughts and opinions to others.^[2]

Reflective writing is regularly used in usability testing and other forms of subject analysis [SOURCE]. Reflective writing is also an important part of the reflective learning cycle, which includes planing, acting, observing, and reflecting [TURNER/REID].

Students can be hesitant to write reflectively as it requires them to not just consider but actively cite things they typically would prefer to hide in academic writing, like their anxieties and shortcomings [TURNER/REID].