Vitebsk electoral district
Constituency of the Russian Republic
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Vitebsk electoral district (Russian: Витебский избирательный округ) was a constituency created for the 1917 Russian Constituent Assembly election. The electoral district covered the Vitebsk Governorate.[3] White Russian separatism was a negligible force in the electoral district.[4]
| Vitebsk | |
|---|---|
| Former Civilian constituency for the All-Russian Constituent Assembly | |
| |
| Former constituency | |
| Created | 1917 |
| Abolished | 1918 |
| Number of members | 9 |
| Number of Uyezd Electoral Commissions | 11 |
| Number of Urban Electoral Commissions | 2 |
| Number of Parishes | 195 |
| Sources: | [1][2] |
On May 9–10, 1917 the 1st Latgallian Latvian Congress was held, which demanded the separation of Latgale from the Vitebsk governorate and integration with Latvia.[5] In the Latgale region, which had an ethnic Latvian population and would later get annexed to independent Latvia, the Bolsheviks received over 50% of the votes cast.[6] Nevertheless, Latgale had a notably weaker Bolshevik vote than neighbouring Livonia (with 72% Bolshevik vote) and the Latvian Rifles regiment (96% Bolshevik vote), possibly linked to opposition to Bolshevik policies from the Catholic Church and Jewish business sectors.[7] The socio-economic conditions were different in Latgale than other Latvian regions, having a less educated and more religiously oriented population.[8]
Candidates
List 1 – Socialist-Revolutionary Party
| Candidates of List 1[9] | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Alexander Gizetti | Petrograd, writer. Gizetti was nominated by the Central Committee of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party; |
| 2. | Maxim Boldysh | Bolshoye Pokotino village, Nikolaev Volost, Polotsky Uyezd, Peasant |
| 3. | Andrius Bulota | Petrograd, former member of the 2nd and 3rd State Dumas, member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies |
| 4. | Yuda Novakovsky | Petrograd, member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies |
| 5. | Iosif Ruskul | Skinchi village, Mikhailovsky Volost, Lutsinsky Uyezd, Peasant |
| 6. | Mikhail Tsetlin | Chairman of the Vitebsk Committee of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party |
| 7. | Daniil Vasilevsky | Representing the peasantry of Polotsky Uyezd. Popular educator. Chairman of Polotsky Uyezd Zemstvo Council. |
| 8. | Alexander Prokofiev | Vitebsk. Popular educator. Representing the peasants of the Gorodoksky Uyezd, member of the Vitebsk Provincial Executive committee of the Soviet of Peasants Deputies |
| 9. | Nerses Aslanov | Vitebsk. Deputy Chairman of the Vitebsk Provincial Soviet of Peasants Deputies |
| 10. | Grigory Katzenelenbogen | Rezhitsa. Chairman of the Rezhitsa Soviet of Workers, Soldiers and Peasants Deputies |
| 11. | Mark Lyakhovsky | Zaprudye village, Staroselskaya Volost, Vitebsky Uyezd. Peasant |
| 12. | Vasily Moiseev | Vitebsk. Chairman of the Provincial Soviet of Peasants Deputies |
List 2 – Trudovik Popular-Socialist Party
| Candidates of List 2[9] | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Alexander Zarudny | |
| 2. | Leon Bramson | |
| 3. | Vladimir Karpov | |
| 4. | Mikhail Bogdanov | |
| 5. | Nikolai Kislyakov | |
| 6. | Alexander Likhnitsky | |
| 7. | Alexander Kyusse-Tyuz | |
| 8. | Alexander Shestov | |
| 9. | Evgeny Alonov | |
| 10. | Vasily Tretyakov | |
| 11. | Mikhail Demidov | |
| 12. | Vasily Stolpovsky | |
| 13. | Pavel Solovyov | |
List 3 – Kadets
| Candidates of List 3[9] | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Maxim Vinaver | |
| 2. | Vasily Stepanov | |
| 3. | Emmanuil Dubossarsky | |
| 4. | Olga Nechaeva | |
| 5. | Parfeniy Vasiliev | |
| 6. | Evgeny Senkovsky | |
| 7. | Semyon Burkov | |
| 8. | Alexey Luzgin | |
| 9. | Ivan Abmorshev | |
List 4 – Latgale Socialist Party of Working People
| Candidates of List 4[9] | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Francis Kemps | |
| 2. | Aloizijs Skruls | |
| 3. | Zenons Laizāns | |
| 4. | Francs Vilcāns | |
List 5 – Bolsheviks
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| Candidates of List 5[9] | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Lev Kamenev | Petrograd |
| 2. | Felix Dzerzhinsky | Petrograd |
| 3. | Sarkis Sarkisyants | Vitebsk |
| 4. | Stefan Chesheyko-Sokhatsky | Dvinsk |
| 5. | Boris Pinson | Vitebsk |
| 6. | Zalman Ryvkin | Velizh |
| 7. | Vilis Chunchin | Vitebsk |
| 8. | Zinovy Filippovsky | Kolyshki, Vitebsky Uyezd |
| 9. | Naum Lagovier | Velizh |
| 10. | Ivan Litvin | Dvinsk |
| 11. | Ephraim Sklyansky | 5th Army, 149th Black Sea Regiment |
| 12. | Nikolai Peskovsky | Rezhitsa |
| 13. | Aleksei Badaev | Petrograd |
List 6 – Bloc of the Vitebsk Belorussian People's Union and the Orthodox Parishes of the Faith of the Polotsk Diocese
| Candidates of List 6[9] | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Georgy Polonsky | |
| 2. | Boris Byalynitsky-Birulya | |
| 3. | Foma Litvinov | |
| 4. | Mikhail Sokolov | |
| 5. | Alexey Sukharev | |
| 6. | Trofim Bavshuto | |
| 7. | Fedor Grigorovich | |
| 8. | Trofim Zaitsev | |
| 9. | Andrei Starovoitov | |
| 10. | Foma Podkhilko | |
List 7 – Jewish National Electoral Committee
| Candidates of List 7[9][10] | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Naphtali Friedman | |
| 2. | Grigorii Bruk | |
| 3. | Julius Brutzkus | |
| 4. | Isaac Berger | |
| 5. | Chaim Grinberg | |
List 8 – Vitebsk Provincial Union of Land Owners and Society of Old Believers of Vitebsk Governorate
| Candidates of List 8[9] | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Sergey Kotlyarevsky | |
| 2. | Gury Gusakov | |
| 3. | Leonid Kopatsinsky | |
| 4. | Andrey Kovalev | |
| 5. | Andrey Janson | |
| 6. | Varfolomey Saveliev | |
| 7. | Khristian Bigge | |
| 8. | Vatslav Kossov | |
| 9. | Bronislav Mirsky | |
List 9 – Mensheviks and Bund
| Candidates of List 9[9] | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Akaki Chkhenkeli | |
| 2. | Raphael Abramovitch | |
| 3. | Kuzma Gvozdev | |
| 4. | Malka Frumkina-Wichman | |
| 5. | Alexander Matskanov | |
| 6. | Grigory Aronson | |
| 7. | Vladimir Sivitsky | |
| 8. | Alexander Matskov | |
| 9. | Shmul Chizhevsky | |
| 10. | Pomorov | |
| 11. | Grigory Levin | |
| 12. | Mikhail Podashevsky | |
List 10 – United Polish Organizations
| Candidates of List 10[9] | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Eduard von der Ropp | |
| 2. | Henry Dymsha | |
| 3. | Stanisław Łopaciński | |
| 4. | Konrad Nedzvetsky | |
| 5. | Józef Czesnowicki | |
| 6. | Vikenty Baliul | |
| 7. | Adam Buynitsky | |
| 8. | Stanisław Zdanowicz | |
List 11 – Socialists-Federalists and Peasants of Latgale
| Candidates of List 11[9] | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Antons Skrinda | |
| 2. | Zigfrīds Anna Meierovics | |
| 3. | Antons Laizāns | |
| 4. | Valeriya Seyl' | |
| 5. | Aloīzijs Bojārs | |
| 6. | Nikolay Manuilov | |
| 7. | Pēteris Zalāns | |
| 8. | Doroško Donāts | |
| 9. | Eduards Kozlovskis | |
| 10. | Antons Zvidrins | |
| 11. | Viktors Gabranovs | |
| 12. | Daniels Gabruševs | |
Zigfrīds Anna Meierovics withdrew his candidature before the election, leaving 11 candidates on the list.[9]
List 12 – Lettish Democrats-Nationalists
| Candidates of List 12[9] | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Jurijs Pabergs | |
| 2. | Zigfrīds Anna Meierovics | |
| 3. | Ivans Grišāns | |
| 4. | Iosifs Kindzuls | |
| 5. | Petrs Lazdans | |
| 6. | Staņislavs Kambala | |
| 7. | Donats Lačkajs-Lače | |
List 13 – Peasants of Vitebsk Governorate
| Candidates of List 13[9] | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Alexander Lobus | |
| 2. | Nikolay Novikov | |
| 3. | Boris Tyasto (withdrew his candidature - replaced by Ivan Zagulov) | |
| 4. | Yakov Alekseev | |
| 5. | Vladimir Puzynya | |
| 6. | Semyon Gushchenko | |
| 7. | Tit Kovalenok | |
List 14 – Citizens of the Bolets Volost, Gorodoksky Uyezd
| Candidates of List 14[9] | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Ivan Kuzminsky | |
Kuzminsky was member of the Left Socialist-Revolutionaries, peasant from Potashenskaya Volost, Gorodoksky Uyezd.[9]
Results
|
|
Vitebsk town
In Vitebsk town, the Bolsheviks got 11,875 votes (34.8%), the Jewish National Electoral Committee 5,772 votes (16.9%), the Menshevik-Bund list 3,822 votes (11.3%), the White Russian/Orthodox list 3,058 votes (8.9%), the SRs 3,053 votes (8.9%), the Kadets 2,365 votes (6.9%), the Polish list 2,169 votes (6.4%), the Popular Socialists 958 votes (2.9%), the Lettish Democrats-Nationalists 395 votes (1.1%), the Landowners/Old Believers list 375 votes (1.1%), the peasants' list 197 votes (0.5%), Latgallian Socialist-Federalists 68 votes (0.2%), Latgallian nationalists 20 votes (0.1%) and 12 votes for the Boletsky volost citizens' list.[13]