Yamal 101
Russian communications satellite
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Yamal-101 (Russian: Ямал-101) was an intended geostationary communications satellite that was lost after launch. It was built by RSC Energia and operated by Gazprom Space Systems.[1] It was, along with Yamal-102 the first communications satellite of the Yamal programme and the first iteration of the USP Bus.[2][3] It was a 1,360 kg (3,000 lb) satellite with 2200 watts of power (1300 watts available for the payload) on an unpressurized bus.[4] It had eight SPT-70 electric thrusters by OKB Fakel for station keeping.[5] Its payload was 12 C-band equivalent transponders supplied by Space Systems/Loral.[6]
| Names | Ямал-101 Yamal-100 KA-1 |
|---|---|
| Mission type | Communications |
| Operator | Gazprom Space Systems |
| COSPAR ID | 1999-047A |
| SATCAT no. | 25896 |
| Website | https://www.gazprom-spacesystems.ru |
| Mission duration | 12 years (planned) Failed on orbit |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | Yamal-101 |
| Spacecraft type | Yamal-100 |
| Bus | USP Bus |
| Manufacturer | RSC Energia (bus) Space Systems/Loral (payload) |
| Launch mass | 1,360 kg (3,000 lb) |
| Power | 2200 watts |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 6 September 1999, 16:36:00 UTC |
| Rocket | Proton-K / Blok DM-2M |
| Launch site | Baikonur, Site 81/23 |
| Contractor | Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center |
| Entered service | Failed on orbit |
| End of mission | |
| Last contact | 6 September 1999 |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric orbit |
| Regime | Geostationary orbit |
| Longitude | 49° East (planned) |
| Transponders | |
| Band | 12 C-band |
| Coverage area | Russia |
History
It was launched successfully with Yamal-102, on 6 September 1999 at 16:36:00 UTC from Baikonur Site 81/23 by a Proton-K / Blok DM-2M directly to geostationary orbit.[7][8] Due to a failure in the electrical system at solar panel deployment it was lost right after launch.[9][1]
Rename of Yamal-102
After Yamal-101 failed, Gazprom Space Systems registered Yamal-102 as Yamal-101. This caused significant confusion, but the records are clear that the satellite that failed was the original Yamal-101.[9][10] Insurance paid US$50 million for the failure.[11]
See also
- Yamal-102 – Twin satellite that was launched together and ended up commissioned into service with the Yamal-101 registration
- Yamal – Communication satellite family operated by Gazprom Space Systems
- Gazprom Space Systems – Satellite communication division of the Russian oil giant Gazprom
- USP Bus – The satellite bus on which Yamal-101 is based
- RSC Energia – The designer and manufacturer of the Yamal-101 satellite