Nassau-class battleship of the German Imperial Navy
SMS Westfalen was one of the Nassau-class battleships, the first four dreadnoughts built for the Imperial German Navy. Westfalen was laid down at AG Weser in Bremen on 12 August 1907, launched nearly a year later on 1 July 1908, and commissioned into the High Seas Fleet on 16 November 1909. The ship was equipped with a main battery of twelve 28 cm (11 in) guns in six twin turrets in an unusual hexagonal arrangement.
Pope Leo XIV (pictured) issues his first encyclical, Magnifica Humanitas, which expresses concerns about artificial intelligence.
The Democratic Rally, led by Annita Demetriou, wins the most seats in the Cypriot legislative election.
American jazz saxophonist Sonny Rollins dies at the age of 95.
In auto racing, Felix Rosenqvist wins the Indianapolis 500.
A suicide bombing targeting a shuttle train in Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan, kills at least 47 people.
For the first time since its transition to democracy, the Congress of Deputies in Spain passed a motion of no confidence against the government.
The river cruise ship Dongfang zhi Xing capsized in the Yangtze, resulting in 442 deaths in China's worst peacetime maritime disaster.
A fire on the back lot of Universal Studios Hollywood destroyed the King Kong Encounter and a large archive of music and film master recordings.
Cyclone Gonu develops from an area of convection in the Arabian Sea, later becoming the worst recorded natural disaster in Oman.
A Hamas-affiliated Islamist militant blew himself up outside a nightclub in Tel Aviv, Israel, killing 21 people, most of whom were teenage girls.
On landing at Little Rock National Airport in the U.S. state of Arkansas, American Airlines Flight 1420 overran the runway and crashed (wreckage pictured), resulting in 11 deaths.
The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty was ratified, banning all American and Soviet land-based missiles with a range of 500 to 5,500 km (310 to 3,420 mi).
Group representation constituencies were introduced to the parliament of Singapore.
In an informal article in a medical journal, Henry Heimlich introduced the concept of abdominal thrusts, commonly known as the Heimlich maneuver, to treat victims of choking.
Eight German Junkers Ju 88s shot down British Overseas Airways Corporation Flight 777 over the Bay of Biscay off the coast of Spain and France, killing actor Leslie Howard and several other notable passengers.
World War II: The crews of three Japanese submarines scuttled their vessels and committed suicide after entering Sydney Harbour and launching a failed attack.
The Navajo and the U.S. government signed the Treaty of Bosque Redondo, which allowed those interned at Fort Sumner to return to their ancestral lands.
The first land battle of the American Civil War after Fort Sumter took place in the village of Fairfax, Virginia.
The Revolution of the Ganhadores, the first general strike in Brazil, began in Salvador, Bahia.
War of 1812: Mortally wounded, U.S. Navy captain James Lawrence ordered his crew "Don't give up the ship!" as USS Chesapeake was captured by HMS Shannon off the coast of Boston.
Tennessee was admitted as the 16th state of the United States.
French Revolutionary Wars: A British fleet captured six French ships of the line in a naval battle off Ushant that came to be known as the Glorious First of June.
Scanian War: The Swedish warship Kronan, one of the largest ships in the world at the time, sank at the Battle of Öland (depicted) with the loss of around 800 men.
Charles II and Louis XIV signed a secret treaty, requiring England to aid France in its war against the Dutch Republic and the future conversion of Charles to Catholicism, in return for Louis making large payments to Charles and promising to aid him if there was a rebellion in England.
Mary Dyer was hanged in Boston for repeatedly defying a law banning Quakers from the Massachusetts Bay Colony.