1-Chlorobutane

Chemical compound From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

1-Chlorobutane is an alkyl halide with the chemical formula C
4H
9Cl. It is a colorless, flammable liquid. It is used as a solvent in some industries due to its ability to dissolve both polar and non-polar substances.[4] It is an alkylating reagent, that is used in organic synthesis to add a butyl group to other molecules.[5]

Quick facts Names, Identifiers ...
1-Chlorobutane
Skeltal formula
Skeltal formula
Ball-and-stick model
Ball-and-stick model
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
1-Chlorobutane
Other names
  • n-Butyl chloride
  • 1-Butyl chloride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
DrugBank
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.361 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 203-696-6
RTECS number
  • EJ6300000
UNII
UN number 1127
  • InChI=1S/C4H9Cl/c1-2-3-4-5/h2-4H2,1H3 checkY
    Key: VFWCMGCRMGJXDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/C4H9Cl/c1-2-3-4-5/h2-4H2,1H3
    Key: VFWCMGCRMGJXDK-UHFFFAOYAR
  • ClCCCC
Properties
C4H9Cl
Molar mass 92.57 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless liquid[1]
Density 0.89 g/mL
Melting point −123.1 Â°C (−189.6 Â°F; 150.1 K)[1]
Boiling point 78 Â°C (172 Â°F; 351 K)[1]
0.5 g/L (20 °C)[1]
Solubility Miscible with methanol, ether[citation needed]
log P 2.56[2]
Vapor pressure 103.4±0.1 mmHg at 25 Â°C[2]
−67.10·10−6 cm3/mol
1.396[2]
Viscosity 0.4261 mPa·s[3]
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS02: Flammable
Danger
H225
P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P280, P303+P361+P353, P370+P378, P403+P235, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasolineInstability 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g. calciumSpecial hazards (white): no code
1
3
1
Flash point −12 Â°C (10 Â°F; 261 K)[1]
Safety data sheet (SDS) Fischer MSDS
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 Â°C [77 Â°F], 100 kPa).
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Preparation and reactions

It can be prepared from 1-butanol by treatment with hydrogen chloride:[6]

C4H9OH + HCl → C4H9Cl + H2O

It reacts with lithium metal to give n-butyllithium:[7]

2 Li + C
4H
9Cl → C
4H
9Li + LiCl

1-Chlorobutane reacts with sodium hydroxide via nucleophilic substitution to produce butanol:

C
4H
9Cl + NaOH → C
4H
9OH + NaCl

References

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