10-Hydroxyketotifen
Chemical compound
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
10-Hydroxyketotifen (WR621365)[1] is a biologically inactive metabolite of ketotifen. [3][4][5] Despite the mainstream scientific consensus that 10-hydroxyketotifen is a biologically inactive compound, its pharmacological properties are not very well studied outside the context of ketotifen, therefore, 10-hydroxyketotifen may still possess biological activity similarly to norketotifen, another metabolite of ketotifen.[1]
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| Preferred IUPAC name
4-(1-Methylpiperidin-4-ylidene)-9,10-dihydro-4H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophen-10-ol | |
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PubChem CID |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Metabolic role
Ketotifen is an antihistamine medication which metabolizes to several compounds, including 10-hydroxyketotifen. Ketotifen, like other antihistamines,[6][7] is mainly metabolized by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, especially CYP3A4[8][9] in the liver. The CYP enzymes are responsible for the oxidation and demethylation of ketotifen, producing the major metabolites norketotifen and 10-hydroxyketotifen. Norketotifen is pharmacologically active and has a similar potency as ketotifen, while 10-hydroxyketotifen is inactive. The metabolites are then conjugated with glucuronic acid or sulfate and excreted in the urine and feces.[10][11]
The definition and measurement of biological activity of drugs can be complex: biological activity is often defined in terms of the ability of a molecule to effect a change in a biological process, which can be quantified and measured in various ways; as such, even if 10-hydroxyketotifen is currently deemed inactive, it is possible that under certain conditions or within specific biological assays, some level of activity might be observed.[1][12]
