1175
Calendar year
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Year 1175 (MCLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Britain
- King Henry II begins living openly with his mistress Rosamund Clifford, raising suspicions about their relationship and alienating Henry's wife, Queen Eleanor of Aquitaine.[1]
- Eleanor of Aquitaine is held under house arrest at Old Sarum Castle in Wiltshire. She is kept in comfort there â fine clothes for her are dispatched regularly from London.[2]
- Treaty of Windsor: High King Ruaidrà Ua Conchobair relinquishes his title and agrees to submit to Henry II as vassal of Connacht in Ireland.
- Winter â The Massacre of Abergavenny ends with several Welsh noblemen dead, at the orders of Lord William de Braose.
Europe
- Under the admirals of the clan Banu Mardanish, an Almohad fleet suffers a large defeat at the hand of the Portuguese, as they are trying to re-conquer Lisbon.[3]
- Vordingborg Castle is completed by King Valdemar I of Denmark as a defensive fortress.
- The University of Modena and Reggio Emilia in Italy is founded.
Levant
Asia
- The Chinese court establishes several government-paper money factories in the cities of Chengdu, Hangzhou and Huizhou. In Hangzhou alone a daily workforce of more than 1,000 men is employed.[5]
- The Namayan Kingdom formed by a confederation of barangays, reaches its peak on Luzon (modern Philippines).[6]
By topic
Religion
- The High Academy of the Bosnian Church in Moštre (modern-day Visoko), is first mentioned in the Vatican archives.
- Count Raymond of Tripoli appoints William II as chancellor of Jerusalem and is elected as archbishop of Tyre.
Births
- February 4 â Nadaungmya, king of Burma (d. 1235)
- Al-Zahir, caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate (d. 1226)
- Emo of Friesland, Frisian scholar and abbot (d. 1237)
- Frederick I, duke of Austria (d. 1198)
- Henry Audley, English nobleman (d. 1246)
- Herman II, German nobleman (House of Lippe) (d. 1229)
- HÅjÅ Tokifusa, Japanese nobleman and monk (d. 1240)
- Margaret of Hungary, Byzantine empress (d. 1223)
- Michael Scot, Scottish mathematician and scholar (d. 1232)
- Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor (House of Welf) (d. 1218)
- Philip I, margrave of Namur (d. 1212)
- Raymond of Penyafort, Spanish Dominican friar (d. 1275)
- Robert Grosseteste, English statesman (d. 1253)
- Roger III, king of Sicily (House of Hauteville) (d. 1193)
- ÅÄrá¹ gadeva, Indian musicologist and writer (d. 1247)
- Subutai, Mongol general and strategist (d. 1248)
- Theodore I, emperor of Nicaea (d. 1221)
- Yolanda, empress of the Latin Empire (d. 1219)
Deaths
- January 12 â Yi Ui-bang, Korean military leader (b. 1121)
- January 24 â Ibn Asakir, Syrian historian and mystic (b. 1105)
- March 5 â Frederick of Hallum, Frisian priest and abbot
- May 15 â Mleh I, prince of Armenia
- May 25 â Ishoyahb V, patriarch of the Church of the East
- July 1 â Reginald de Dunstanville, English nobleman (b. 1110)
- July 27 â Ponce de Minerva, French nobleman and general
- October 19 â Andrew of Saint Victor, English abbot and scholar
- November 13 â Henry of France, archbishop of Reims (b. 1121)
- Ibn Saad al-Khair al-Balancy, Arab Andalusian linguist and poet (b. 1116)
- Clementia of Zähringen, duchess of Bavaria and Saxony
- Maria Torribia, Spanish laywoman and hermit
- Nicholas Hagiotheodorites, Byzantine scholar and official