134 Sophrosyne
Main-belt asteroid
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134 Sophrosyne is a large main-belt asteroid that was discovered by German astronomer Robert Luther on 27 September 1873. It was named after the concept of sophrosyne, Plato's term for 'moderation'. Classified as a C-type asteroid, 134 Sophrosyne has an exceedingly dark surface and most probably a primitive carbonaceous composition.[citation needed]
A 3D lightcurve model of 134 Sophrosyne. | |
| Discovery[1] | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | Karl Theodor Robert Luther |
| Discovery site | Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany |
| Discovery date | 27 September 1873 |
| Designations | |
| (134) Sophrosyne | |
| Pronunciation | /soÊËfrÉsɪniË/[2] |
Named after | sophrosyne |
| A873 SA[3][a] | |
| Main belt | |
| Orbital characteristics[3] | |
| Epoch 31 July 2016 (JD 2457600.5) | |
| Uncertainty parameter 0 | |
| Observation arc | 138.60 yr (50625 d) |
| Aphelion | 2.86280 AU (428.269 Gm) |
| Perihelion | 2.26311 AU (338.556 Gm) |
| 2.56295 AU (383.412 Gm) | |
| Eccentricity | 0.11699 |
| 4.10 yr (1498.7 d) | |
Average orbital speed | 18.54 km/s |
| 229.885° | |
| 0° 14m 24.76s / day | |
| Inclination | 11.6018° |
| 345.986° | |
| 84.7156° | |
| Earth MOID | 1.31034 AU (196.024 Gm) |
| Jupiter MOID | 2.42537 AU (362.830 Gm) |
| TJupiter | 3.396 |
| Physical characteristics | |
| 108[3] 112.188 km[4] | |
| Mass | (1.267 ± 0.575/0.398)Ã1018 kg[5] |
Mean density | 1.713 ± 0.778/0.538 g/cm3[5] |
Equatorial surface gravity | 0.029 m/s2 |
Equatorial escape velocity | 0.056 km/s |
| 17.190 h (0.7163 d)[6] | |
| 0.0364±0.001[3] 0.0436 ± 0.0122[4] | |
| Temperature | ~174 K |
| C (Tholen)[4] | |
| 9.04,[3] 8.770[4] | |
This object is orbiting the Sun at a distance of 2.86 AU with an eccentricity of 0.12 and an orbital period of 4.10 years. The orbital plane is inclined at an angle of 11.6° to the plane of the ecliptic.
An occultation of a star by 134 Sophrosyne was observed 24 November 1980, in the United States. Timing information from this event allowed a diameter estimate of 110 km to be derived.[7] This is similar to diameter estimates of 108 and 112 km, achieved by other techniques. Photometric observations of the asteroid in 2015 produced a lightcurve indicating a rotation period of 17.190±0.001 h with a variation amplitude of 0.28±0.01 in magnitude. This provided a good match to the only previous determination in 1989.[6]
