1650s in Scotland
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Events from the 1650s in the Kingdom of Scotland.
See also:List of years in Scotland
Timeline of Scottish history
1650 in: England ⢠Elsewhere
Timeline of Scottish history
1650 in: England ⢠Elsewhere
Incumbents
- Monarch â Charles II (until his disposition in 1651)[1]
- Commonwealth of England from 1651 until the Restoration in 1660 which reinstates Charles II.[1]
Events
- 1650:
- 21 May â James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose executed in Edinburgh after his defeat at the Battle of Carbisdale.[2]
- 29 June â "the Lord General Cromwell went out of London towards the North: and the news of him marching Northward much startled the Scots".[3] Oliver Cromwell leads the New Model Army to Edinburgh.[4]
- 3 September â Battle of Dunbar takes place between Cromwell's Army and the Scottish Covenanters. Cromwell's army wins and the battle results in southern Scotland surrendering to England;[4] it is administered from Dalkeith.
- 1651:
- 1 January â Charles II crowned King of Scotland at Scone Palace.[5]
- 20 July â Battle of Inverkeithing: The English Parliamentarian New Model Army, under Major-General John Lambert, defeats a Scottish Covenanter army acting on behalf of Charles II, led by Sir John Brown of Fordell.
- 1 September â Siege of Dundee ends with the English Parliamentarian army, under General Monck, decisively defeating Covenanters in the last battle of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms in Scotland.[6]
- 3 September â Battle of Worcester takes place after Charles II has raised an army (largely from Scotland) and invaded England. It results in his defeat by Cromwell and the king escaping abroad.[5]
- 1652: 17 June â A large fire breaks out in Glasgow, which destroys around a third of the city and leaves approximately 1,000 families homeless.[7]
- 1653: 16 December â Cromwell is made Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland.[8]
- 1654:
- 12 April â Cromwell creates a union between England and Scotland, with Scottish representation in the Parliament of England.[9]
- 5 May â Cromwell's Act of Grace, which pardons the people of Scotland for any crimes they may have committed during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, is proclaimed in Edinburgh.
- 1658: 3 September â Cromwell dies and the title of Lord Protector passes to his son, Richard Cromwell.[8]
- 1659:
- 25 May â Richard Cromwell forced to resign as Lord Protector.[8]
- Heriot's Hospital opens in Edinburgh.[10]
Publications
- 1655 â History of the Church and State of Scotland by John Spottiswoode.[11]
Births
- 1650:
- Sir James Dalrymple, 1st Baronet, writer and Principal Clerk of Session (d. 1719)[12]
- George Brown, inventor and arithmetician (d. 1730)[13]
- Henry Erskine, 3rd Lord Cardross, Covenanter (d. 1693)[14]
- 1654: 23 November â George Watson, accountant (d. 1733)[15]
- 1658: 11 April â James Hamilton, 4th Duke of Hamilton, nobleman (d. 1712)[16]
- 1659
- 1 January â Margaret Wemyss, 3rd Countess of Wemyss, noble (d. 1705)[17]
- 3 June â David Gregory, mathematician and astronomer (d. 1708 in England)[18]
- 13 September â Claud Hamilton, 4th Earl of Abercorn, Scottish and Irish peer (d. 1691)[19]
Deaths
- 1650:
- 21 May â James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose (b. 1612)[2]
- 29 October â David Calderwood, divine and historian (b. 1575)[20]
- 1654: Alexander Ross, writer (b. c.1590)[21]