1745 in Great Britain
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Events from the year 1745 in Great Britain.
Incumbents
- Monarch â George II
- Prime Minister â Henry Pelham (Whig)[1]
Events
- 30 Aprilâ11 May â War of the Austrian Succession: British forces defeated at the Battle of Fontenoy.[2]
- 16 June â King George's War: British capture Cape Breton Island in North America from the French.[2]
- 26 June â the earliest known women's cricket match, at Gosden Common in Surrey.[3]
- 9 July (20 July NS) â Jacobite rising: The Du Teillay, carrying the Young Pretender Charles Edward Stuart from France to Scotland, and her escort L'Elisabeth engage with HMS Lion in the English Channel.
- 23 July â Jacobite rising: Charles Stuart lands on Eriskay in the Hebrides in Scotland.[2]
- 15â26 August â War of the Austrian Succession: By the Convention of Hanover, King George II makes peace overtures to Prussia and ends support for Austria.[2]
- 16 August â Jacobite rising: A Jacobite victory at Highbridge Skirmish.
- 19 August â Jacobite rising: Charles Stuart raises his standard at Glenfinnan.
- 11 September â Jacobite rising: Jacobites enter Edinburgh.[2]
- 16 September â Jacobite rising: "Canter of Coltbrigg": The 13th and 14th Dragoons flee Jacobites near Edinburgh.
- 17 September â Jacobite rising: in Edinburgh, Charles Stuart proclaims his father James Francis Edward Stuart as James VIII of Scotland.[2]
- 21 September â Jacobite rising: Government forces are defeated at the Battle of Prestonpans.[4]
- 28 September â the song later to become the British national anthem "God Save the King" is first performed at the Drury Lane Theatre in London in a setting by Thomas Arne.[4]
- 13â15 November â Jacobite rising: Jacobites besiege and capture Carlisle.
- December â Jacobite rising: Jacobite garrison in Carlisle surrenders to Hanoverian forces under Prince William, Duke of Cumberland.
- 4 December â Jacobite rising: Jacobite forces reach Derby causing panic in London.[2]
- 6 December â Jacobite rising: Jacobite forces decide to retreat to Scotland.[2]
- 18 December â Jacobite rising: A Jacobite victory at the Clifton Moor Skirmish,[2] the last action between two military forces on English soil.[5]
- 23 December â Jacobite rising: A Jacobite victory at the Battle of Inverurie.
Undated
- West towers of Westminster Abbey completed.[3]
- The term "middle class" is first used.[6][7]
Publications
- Henry Fielding edits the pro-government publication The True Patriot.[2]
Births
- 23 January â William Jessop, civil engineer (died 1814)
- February â Samuel Hearne, explorer, fur-trader, author and naturalist (died 1792)
- 2 February
- Hannah More, religious writer, Romantic poet and philanthropist (died 1833)
- John Nichols, printer and antiquary (died 1826)
- 14 February â Lady Sarah Lennox, courtier (died 1826)
- 20 February â Henry James Pye, poet laureate (died 1813)
- 4 March â Charles Dibdin, composer (died 1814)
- 12 May â William Creech, Scottish bookseller and Lord Provost of Edinburgh (died 1815)
- 13 July â Robert Calder, admiral (died 1818)
- 20 July â Henry Holland, architect (died 1806)
- 20 or 21 August â Francis Asbury, bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church (died 1816 in the United States)
- 17 October â William Scott, 1st Baron Stowell, judge and jurist (died 1836)
- 7 November â Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn, member of the royal family (died 1793)
- 10 December â Thomas Holcroft, writer (died 1809)
Deaths
- 26 February â Henry Scudamore, 3rd Duke of Beaufort (born 1707)
- 18 March â Robert Walpole, first Prime Minister of Great Britain (born 1676)[8]
- 28 May â Jonathan Richardson, portrait painter, writer on art and collector (born 1667)
- 30 September â Sir John Baird, 2nd Baronet, Scottish politician (born 1686)
- 19 October â Jonathan Swift, Irish satirist (born 1667)
- 16 November â James Butler, 2nd Duke of Ormonde, exiled Irish-born statesman and soldier (born 1665)
- John Freame, banker (born 1669)