1863 in Wales
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This article is about the particular significance of the year 1863 to Wales and its people.
Incumbents
- Lord Lieutenant of Anglesey â Henry Paget, 2nd Marquess of Anglesey[1][2][3][4]
- Lord Lieutenant of Brecknockshire â John Lloyd Vaughan Watkins[5][6]
- Lord Lieutenant of Caernarvonshire â Sir Richard Williams-Bulkeley, 10th Baronet[7]
- Lord Lieutenant of Cardiganshire â Edward Pryse[8]
- Lord Lieutenant of Carmarthenshire â John Campbell, 2nd Earl Cawdor
- Lord Lieutenant of Denbighshire â Robert Myddelton Biddulph[9]
- Lord Lieutenant of Flintshire â Sir Stephen Glynne, 9th Baronet[10]
- Lord Lieutenant of Glamorgan â Christopher Rice Mansel Talbot[11]
- Lord Lieutenant of Merionethshire â Edward Lloyd-Mostyn, 2nd Baron Mostyn[12]
- Lord Lieutenant of Monmouthshire â Benjamin Hall, 1st Baron Llanover[13]
- Lord Lieutenant of Montgomeryshire â Thomas Hanbury-Tracy, 2nd Baron Sudeley (until 19 February); Sudeley Hanbury-Tracy, 3rd Baron Sudeley (from 21 April)[14]
- Lord Lieutenant of Pembrokeshire â William Edwardes, 3rd Baron Kensington
- Lord Lieutenant of Radnorshire â John Walsh, 1st Baron Ormathwaite[15][2]
- Bishop of Bangor â James Colquhoun Campbell[16][17]
- Bishop of Llandaff â Alfred Ollivant[18][19]
- Bishop of St Asaph â Thomas Vowler Short[20][21][19]
- Bishop of St Davids â Connop Thirlwall[22][19][23]
Events
- 10 March â Marriage of Edward Albert, Prince of Wales, to Alexandra of Denmark. Alexandra becomes the first Princess of Wales since 1820.
- 28 July â The Anglesey Central Railway Act 1863 (26 & 27 Vict. c.cxxviii) brings about the foundation of the Anglesey Central Railway.[24]
- 23 October â Festiniog Railway introduces steam locomotives into general service, the first time this has been done anywhere in the world on a public railway of such a narrow gauge (2 ft (60 cm)).[25]
- English church services are introduced for English-speaking minorities in Welsh-speaking areas.
- Sir Hugh Owen becomes an honorary secretary of the London committee formed to set up the University of Wales.
- Mesac Thomas becomes the first Bishop of Goulburn, New South Wales, Australia.
- Publication of The Bards of Wales, first written in 1857 by Hungarian poet János Arany, using the story of Edward I's conquest of Wales to disguise criticism of the Austro-Hungarian empire.
- Machynlleth born John Evans arrives in British Columbia, Canada, with a group of other Welsh miners. He subsequently becomes a major political figure in the province.
- Spa pump room built at Trefriw.
- Guest Memorial Library at Dowlais opened.
Arts and literature
Awards
- National Eisteddfod of Wales is held at Swansea.
- The Newdigate Prize is awarded to Thomas Llewellyn Thomas.
New books
- John Ceiriog Hughes â Cant o Ganeuon
- John Jones (Ioan Emlyn) â Golud yr Oes
- David William Nash â The Pharaoh of the Exodus
- Ebenezer Thomas â Cyff Beuno
Music
- John Ceiriog Hughes â Cant O Ganeuon
- John Thomas (Pencerdd Gwalia) â Llewelyn (cantata)[26]
Sport
Births
- 15 January â James Webb, Wales rugby international (died 1913)
- 17 January â David Lloyd George, politician (died 1945)[27]
- 3 March â Arthur Machen, writer (died 1947)[28]
- 16 March â Dan Beddoe, operatic tenor (died 1937)
- 25 March â Owen Philipps, 1st Baron Kylsant (died 1937)[29]
- 13 April â Walter E. Rees, Secretary of the Welsh Rugby Union (died 1949)
- May â William Rees-Davies (judge), politician and lawyer (died 1939)
- 8 May â Charles Taylor Wales rugby international (died 1915)
- 18 May â Lewis Davies (writer), novelist and historian (died 1951)
- 21 May â William Jones Williams, civil servant (died 1949)
- 11 June â Llewellyn Henry Gwynne, first suffragan Bishop of Khartoum (died 1957)[30]
- 18 June â George Essex Evans, Australian poet of Welsh parentage (died 1909)[31]
- 2 July â Billy Douglas, Wales international rugby player (died 1943)
- 7 August â Edward Perkins Alexander, Wales international rugby player (died 1931)
- 8 August â John Herbert Roberts, Baron Clwyd of Abergele, politician (died 1955)[32]
- 17 August â Joseph Harry, minister, writer and teacher (died 1950)[33]
- 29 August â Sir Daniel Lleufer Thomas, magistrate (died 1940)[34]
- 10 September â Walter Rice Evans, Wales international rugby player (died 1909)
- 7 November â Rowley Thomas, Wales international rugby player (died 1949)
- probable â William Retlaw Williams, Welsh writer (died 1944)[35]
Deaths
- 17 February â Ebenezer Thomas (Eben Fardd), poet, 60[36]
- 19 February â Thomas Hanbury-Tracy, 2nd Baron Sudeley, Lord Lieutenant of Montgomeryshire, 62
- 28 February â David Williams (Alaw Goch), industrialist, 53[37]
- 21 March â David Griffiths, missionary, 71[38]
- 24 March â Thomas Powell, industrialist, 84[39]
- 13 April â George Cornewall Lewis, statesman, 56[40]
- May/June â David Bevan Jones (Dewi Elfed), Mormon leader, 55[41]
- 15 July â Edward Pryce Owen, artist, 75[42]
- 8 November â Joseph Hughes (Carn Ingli), poet, 60
- 13 December â Robert Saunderson, printer, 83[43]
- 28 December â Thomas Bevan, Archdeacon of St David's, 63[44]