1863 in architecture
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The year 1863 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings.
Events
- January 10 â The Metropolitan Railway, London, England, is opened, the world's first underground railway (engineer: John Fowler).[1]
- December 2 â The Statue of Freedom is set on top of the new dome of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.[2]
- date unknown
- The Ãcole des Beaux-Arts in Paris becomes independent of the Académie des Beaux-Arts.
- William Burges is declared winner of the competition to design the new Saint Fin Barre's Cathedral, Cork (Church of Ireland), his first major commission.[3]
Buildings and structures
Buildings opened
- March 2 â Clapham Junction railway station, London.
- October 18 â Befreiungshalle memorial above Kelheim in Bavaria, designed by Friedrich von Gärtner and completed by Leo von Klenze, is inaugurated.
- October 27 â Leeuwarden railway station in the Netherlands, designed by Charles van Brederode.
- December 13 â Gulen Church, Eivindvik, Norway, designed by Georg Andreas Bull,[4] consecrated by Dean Thomas Erichsen.
Buildings completed
- Berns Salonger, Stockholm, Sweden.
- SmÃchov Synagogue, Prague, Czech Republic.[5]
- Kelham Hall near Newark-on-Trent, England, designed by George Gilbert Scott.
Awards
- RIBA Royal Gold Medal â Anthony Salvin.
- Grand Prix de Rome, architecture: Emmanuel Brune.
Births
- April 3 â Henry van de Velde, Belgian painter, architect and interior designer (died 1957)[6]
- May 17 â C. R. Ashbee, English interior designer (died 1942)
- October 21 â Sir George Troup, New Zealand architect, engineer and statesman (died 1941)
- December 16 â Ralph Adams Cram, American architect of academic and ecclesiastical buildings (died 1942)
- W. G. R. Sprague, Australian-born British theatre architect (died 1933)
Deaths
- June 16 â Ludwig Förster, Austrian religious architect (died 1797)
- September 17 â Charles Robert Cockerell, English architect, archaeologist and writer (born 1788)[7]
- October 9 â Andrew Egan, Irish architect and builder (born c.1810)[8]
- October 28 â William Cubitt, English building and civil engineering contractor and politician (born 1791)
- December 29 â Joseph John Scoles, English Catholic architect (born 1798)[9]