1864 in poetry

• April – Charles Baudelaire leaves Paris for Belgium in the hope of resolving his financial difficulties.

Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:

• April 8 – Orelia Key Bell (died 1959), American
• May 4 – Richard Hovey (died 1900), American
• February 17 – Andrew "Banjo" Paterson (died 1941), Australian writer and poet
• April 30 (April 18 O.S.) – Juhan Liiv (died 1913), Estonian
• September 18 – Itō Sachio 伊藤佐千夫, pen name of Itō Kojirō (died 1913), Japanese, Meiji period tanka poet and novelist (surname: Itō)
• September 29 – Miguel de Unamuno (died 1936), Spanish essayist, novelist, poet, playwright and philosopher
• November 26 – Herman Gorter (died 1927), Dutch poet and socialist
• November 30 – Sydney Jephcott (died 1951), Australian

Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:

• January 13 – Stephen Foster (born 1826), American songwriter
• January 29 – Lucy Aikin (born 1781), English writer
• February 2 – Adelaide Anne Procter (born 1825), English poet, a daughter of poet Bryan Procter
• April 18 – Juris Alunāns (born 1832), Latvian philologist and poet
• May 20 – John Clare (born 1793), English "peasant poet"
• July 4 – Nathaniel Hawthorne (born 1804), American writer
• July 6 – George Pope Morris (born 1802), American editor, poet and songwriter
• September 17 – Walter Savage Landor (born 1775), English writer and poet
• November 3 – Gonçalves Dias (born 1823), Brazilian (shipwreck)

• 19th century in poetry
• 19th century in literature
• List of years in poetry
• List of years in literature
• Victorian literature
• French literature of the 19th century
• Poetry