1864–65 United States House of Representatives elections
House elections for the 39th U.S. Congress
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The 1864–65 United States House of Representatives elections were held between June 5, 1864, and November 7, 1865, to elect the 192 members and nine non-voting delegates of the House of Representatives. The National Union Party expanded their existing majority against the backdrop of the American Civil War.[1]
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June 5, 1864–
November 7, 1865[a] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
All 192[b][c] seats in the United States House of Representatives 97 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Results National Union gain National Union hold Democratic gain Democratic hold | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Candidates listed as Republicans and Unionists won 99 seats in congressional elections held in 1862 and 1863; three Union Democrats and the lone Unconditional Union Democrat from Kentucky subsequently crossed the floor to give the Republican-Union coalition a narrow majority during the 38th United States Congress.[2] The wartime coalition of Republicans, War Democrats, and border state unionists became the base for the National Union Party that held its national convention at Baltimore on June 7, 1864.[3] Leading Unionists were pessimistic about their party's prospects during the summer of 1864, but the fall of Atlanta led to a dramatic reversal of fortunes ahead of the fall elections.[4] The Union Party won a "sweeping victory" at the polls, carrying all but three states in the concurrent presidential election.[5]
Unionists significantly improved their showing compared to the last elections, contributing three-quarters of the members of the 39th United States Congress.[1] A majority of the members elected from Indiana and all but two from Ohio were Unionists.[6] In Kentucky, Missouri, and Tennessee, the elections were contested by Radical and Conservative Unionist factions, resulting in 15 Radical or Unconditional Unionists, 9 Conservatives, and 1 Independent Unionist elected to the 39th United States Congress.[7]
Following the Confederate surrender, the former states of the Confederacy held congressional elections in 1865 and 1866, but only the members from Tennessee were seated by the House. The 10 remaining states were eventually readmitted between 1868 and 1870 during the 40th and 41st United States Congresses.[8]
Results
Federal
| 35 | 9 | 1 | 147 |
| Democratic | Con | [h] | National Union |
| Parties | Seats | Popular vote | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1862–63 | 1864–65 | ± | % | Votes | % | ||
| Union Party | 56 | 132 |  40 |
68.75 | 1,997,418 | 51.53 | |
| Republican Party | 36 | ||||||
| Unconditional Union Party | 1 | 15 | 14 |
7.81 | 134,560 | 3.47 | |
| Others | 6 | 0 |  6 |
0.00 | N/a | ||
National Union Party |
99 |
147 |
48 |
76.56 |
2,131,978 |
55.00 | |
| Democratic Party | 73 | 35 | 38 |
18.23 | 1,620,556 | 41.81 | |
| Conservative Party | 1 | 9 | 8 |
4.69 | 88,474 | 2.28 | |
| Independent Unionist | 1 | 1 |  |
0.52 | 9,409 | 0.24 | |
| Union Party (Kansas) | 0 | 0 | |
0.00 | 9,712 | 0.25 | |
| Independent Democrat | 0 | 0 | |
0.00 | 695 | 0.02 | |
| Others | 9 | 0 | 9 |
0.00 | 15,527 | 0.40 | |
| Total | 183 | 192 | 9 |
100.00 | 3,876,351 | 100.00 | |
Results by state
| State | Type | Date | Total seats |
Democratic | Conservative | National Union | Others | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | ||||
| Oregon | At-large | June 5, 1864 | 1 | 0 | |
0 | |
1 | |
0 | |
| Vermont | District | September 6, 1864 | 3 | 0 | |
0 | |
3 | |
0 | |
| Maine | District | September 11, 1864 | 5 | 0 | 1 |
0 | |
5 | 1 |
0 | |
| Indiana | District | October 10, 1864 | 11 | 3 | 4 |
0 | |
8 | 4 |
0 | |
| Ohio | District | 19 | 2 | 12 |
0 | |
17 | 12 |
0 | | |
| Pennsylvania | District | 24 | 8 | 4 |
0 | |
16 | 4 |
0 | | |
| West Virginia | District | October 22, 1864 | 3 | 0 | |
0 | |
3 | |
0 | |
| California | District | November 8, 1864 (Election Day)[j] |
3 | 0 | |
0 | |
3 | |
0 | |
| Delaware | At-large | 1 | 1 | |
0 | |
0 | |
0 | | |
| Illinois | Mixed[k] | 14 | 3 | 6 |
0 | |
11 | 6 |
0 | | |
| Iowa | District | 6 | 0 | |
0 | |
6 | |
0 | | |
| Kansas | At-large | 1 | 0 | |
0 | |
1 | |
0 | | |
| Maryland | District | 5 | 2 | 1 |
0 | |
3 | 1 |
0 | | |
| Massachusetts | District | 10 | 0 | |
0 | |
10 | |
0 | | |
| Michigan | District | 6 | 0 | 1 |
0 | |
6 | 1 |
0 | | |
| Minnesota | District | 2 | 0 | |
0 | |
2 | |
0 | | |
| Missouri | District | 9 | 1 | 1 |
0 | 1 |
8[l] | 2 |
0 | | |
| New Jersey | District | 5 | 3 | 1 |
0 | |
2 | 1 |
0 | | |
| New York | District | 31 | 11 | 6 |
0 | |
20 | 6 |
0 | | |
| Wisconsin | District | 6 | 1 | 2 |
0 | |
5 | 2 |
0 | | |
| Late elections (after the March 4, 1865 beginning of the term) | |||||||||||
| New Hampshire | District | March 14, 1865 | 3 | 0 | 1 |
0 | |
3 | 1 |
0 | |
| Connecticut | District | April 3, 1865 | 4 | 0 | 1 |
0 | |
4 | 1 |
0 | |
| Tennessee | District | August 3, 1865 | 8 | 0 | |
4 | 4 |
4 | 4 |
0 | |
| Rhode Island | District | April 5, 1865 | 2 | 0 | |
0 | |
2 | |
0 | |
| Kentucky | District | August 7, 1865 | 9 | 0 | |
5 | 5 |
4 | 3 |
0 | 8[m] |
| Nevada | At-large | November 7, 1865 | 1 | 0 | |
0 | |
1 | |
0 | |
| Seceded states not yet readmitted | |||||||||||
| Alabama | District | November 6, 1865 | 6 | ||||||||
| Arkansas | District | October 9, 1865 | 3 | ||||||||
| Florida | At-large | November 29, 1865 | 1 | ||||||||
| Georgia | District | November 15, 1865 | 7 | ||||||||
| Louisiana | District | November 6, 1865 | 5 | ||||||||
| Mississippi | District | October 2, 1865 | 5 | ||||||||
| North Carolina | District | November 9, 1865 | 7 | ||||||||
| South Carolina | District | November 22, 1865 | 4 | ||||||||
| Texas | District | October 15, 1866 | 4 | ||||||||
| Virginia | District | October 12, 1865 | 8 | ||||||||
| Total[b] | 192[c] | 35 | 38 |
9 | 8 |
148 | 48 |
0 | 8 | ||
| 18.2% | 4.7% | 77.1% | 0.0% | ||||||||
New seats
Special elections
38th Congress
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[11] | |
| Illinois 5 | Owen Lovejoy | Republican- Union |
1856 | Incumbent died March 25, 1864. New member elected May 19, 1864. Union hold. |
|
| New York 1 | Henry G. Stebbins | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent resigned October 24, 1864.[12] New member elected November 8, 1864. Democratic hold. |
|
39th Congress
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Maryland 2 | Edwin H. Webster | Union | 1859 | Incumbent resigned July 1865.[13] New member elected November 7, 1865. Union hold. |
|
| Massachusetts 6 | Daniel W. Gooch | Union | 1858 (special) | Incumbent resigned September 1, 1865.[14] New member elected November 7, 1865. Union hold. |
|
| New York 16 | Orlando Kellogg | Union | 1862 | Incumbent died August 24, 1865. New member elected November 7, 1865. Union hold. |
|
Alabama
Alabama held elections on November 6, 1865, following the end of the Civil War; the winners of the elections were subsequently not seated.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[15] | |
| Alabama 1 | Vacant | Seat vacant since January 12, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Alabama 2 | Vacant | Seat vacant since January 12, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Alabama 3 | Vacant | Seat vacant since January 12, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Alabama 4 | Vacant | Seat vacant since January 12, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Alabama 5 | Vacant | Seat vacant since January 12, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Alabama 6 | Vacant | Seat vacant since January 12, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
Arizona Territory
See Non-voting delegates, below.
Arkansas
Arkansas held successive elections in 1864 and 1865 to fill vacancies in the 38th Congress and elect representatives to the 39th Congress.
38th Congress
Arkansas did not hold elections for the 38th Congress in 1862 or 1863. Late elections were held from March 14–16, 1864, but the winners were not seated by the House.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[11] | |
| Arkansas 1 | Vacant | Seat vacant since May 6, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Arkansas 2 | Vacant | Seat vacant since May 6, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Arkansas 3 | Vacant | Seat vacant since May 6, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
39th Congress
Arkansas held elections for the 39th Congress on October 9, 1865, following the end of the Civil War, but the winners were not seated by the House.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[15] | |
| Arkansas 1 | Vacant | Seat vacant since May 6, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Arkansas 2 | Vacant | Seat vacant since May 6, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Arkansas 3 | Vacant | Seat vacant since May 6, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
California
California elected its members on November 8, 1864.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[16] | |
| California 1 New seat |
Cornelius Cole Redistricted from the at-large district. |
Republican- Union |
1863 | Incumbent retired. Union hold. |
|
| California 2 New seat |
William Higby Redistricted from the at-large district. |
Republican- Union |
1863 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| California 3 New seat |
Thomas B. Shannon Redistricted from the at-large district. |
Republican- Union |
1863 | Incumbent lost renomination.[17] Union hold. |
|
Colorado Territory
See non-voting delegates, below.
Connecticut
Connecticut elected its members on April 3, 1865, after the start of the term but before Congress convened.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[18] | |
| Connecticut 1 | Henry C. Deming | Republican- Union |
1863 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Connecticut 2 | James E. English | Democratic | 1861 | Incumbent retired. Union gain. |
|
| Connecticut 3 | Augustus Brandegee | Republican- Union |
1863 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Connecticut 4 | John H. Hubbard | Republican- Union |
1863 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Dakota Territory
See non-voting delegates, below.
Delaware
Delaware elected its member on November 8, 1864.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[16] | |
| Delaware at-large | Nathaniel B. Smithers | Republican- Union |
1863 (special) | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
|
Florida
Florida held elections on November 29, 1865, following the end of the Civil War; the winners were subsequently not seated by the House.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[15] | |
| Florida at-large | Vacant | Seat vacant since January 10, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
Georgia
Georgia held elections on November 15, 1865, following the end of the Civil War; the winners were subsequently not seated by the House.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[15][n] | |
| Georgia 1 | Vacant | Seat vacant since January 19, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Georgia 2 | Vacant | Seat vacant since January 19, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Georgia 3 | Vacant | Seat vacant since January 19, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Georgia 4 | Vacant | Seat vacant since January 19, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Georgia 5 | Vacant | Seat vacant since January 19, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Georgia 6 | Vacant | Seat vacant since January 19, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Georgia 7 | Vacant | Seat vacant since January 19, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
Idaho Territory
See non-voting delegates, below.
Illinois
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[16] | |
| Illinois at-large | James C. Allen | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost re-election. Union gain. |
|
| Illinois 1 | Isaac N. Arnold | Republican- Union |
1860 | Incumbent retired. Union hold. |
|
| Illinois 2 | John F. Farnsworth | Republican- Union |
1862 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Illinois 3 | Elihu B. Washburne | Republican- Union |
1852 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Illinois 4 | Charles M. Harris | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost re-election. Union gain. |
|
| Illinois 5 | Ebon C. Ingersoll | Republican- Union |
1864 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Illinois 6 | Jesse O. Norton | Republican- Union |
1862 | Incumbent retired. Union hold. |
|
| Illinois 7 | John R. Eden | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost re-election. Union gain. |
|
| Illinois 8 | John T. Stuart | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost re-election. Union gain. |
|
| Illinois 9 | Lewis W. Ross | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Illinois 10 | Anthony L. Knapp | Democratic | 1861 (special) | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Illinois 11 | James C. Robinson | Democratic | 1858 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Illinois 12 | William R. Morrison | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost re-election. Union gain. |
|
| Illinois 13 | William J. Allen | Democratic | 1862 (special) | Incumbent lost re-election. Union gain. |
|
Indiana
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[16] | |
| Indiana 1 | John Law | Democratic | 1860 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Indiana 2 | James A. Cravens | Democratic | 1860 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Indiana 3 | Henry W. Harrington | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost re-election. Union gain. |
|
| Indiana 4 | William S. Holman | Democratic | 1858 | Incumbent retired. Union gain. |
|
| Indiana 5 | George W. Julian | Republican- Union |
1860 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Indiana 6 | Ebenezer Dumont | Republican- Union |
1862 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Indiana 7 | Daniel W. Voorhees | Democratic | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected. Winner subsequently unseated February 23, 1866, in favor of challenger. |
|
| Indiana 8 | Godlove S. Orth | Republican- Union |
1862 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Indiana 9 | Schuyler Colfax | Republican- Union |
1854 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Indiana 10 | Joseph K. Edgerton | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Union gain. |
|
| Indiana 11 | James F. McDowell | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost re-election. Union gain. |
|
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Kentucky elected its members on August 7, 1865, after the term began but before Congress convened.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[19] | |
| Kentucky 1 | Lucien Anderson | Union Democratic |
1863 | Incumbent retired. Conservative gain. |
|
| Kentucky 2 | George H. Yeaman | Union Democratic |
1862 (special) | Incumbent lost re-election. Conservative gain. |
|
| Kentucky 3 | Henry Grider | Union Democratic |
1861 | Incumbent re-elected as a Conservative. Conservative gain. |
|
| Kentucky 4 | Aaron Harding | Union Democratic |
1861 | Incumbent re-elected as a Conservative. Conservative gain. |
|
| Kentucky 5 | Robert Mallory | Union Democratic |
1859 | Incumbent lost re-election. Unconditional Union gain. |
|
| Kentucky 6 | Green C. Smith | Unconditional Union |
1863 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Kentucky 7 | Brutus J. Clay | Union Democratic |
1863 | Incumbent retired. Conservative gain. |
|
| Kentucky 8 | William H. Randall | Union Democratic |
1863 | Incumbent re-elected as an Unconditional Unionist. Unconditional Union gain. |
|
| Kentucky 9 | William H. Wadsworth | Union Democratic |
1861 | Incumbent retired. Unconditional Union gain. |
|
Louisiana
Louisiana held successive elections in 1864 and 1865 to fill vacancies in the 38th Congress and elect representatives to the 39th Congress.
38th Congress
Louisiana held no elections for the 38th Congress in 1862 or 1863 as a result of secession. Late elections were held on September 5, 1864, but the elected members were not seated by the House.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[11] | |
| Louisiana 1 | Vacant | Seat vacant since March 4, 1863. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Louisiana 2 | Vacant | Seat vacant since March 4, 1863. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Louisiana 3 | Vacant | Seat vacant since January 26, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Louisiana 4 | Vacant | Seat vacant since January 26, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Louisiana 5 | Vacant | Seat vacant since January 26, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
39th Congress
Louisiana held elections for the 39th Congress on November 6, 1865, following the end of the Civil War, but the elected members were not seated by the House.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[20] | |
| Louisiana 1 | Vacant | Seat vacant since March 4, 1863. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Louisiana 2 | Vacant | Seat vacant since March 4, 1863. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Louisiana 3 | Vacant | Seat vacant since January 26, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Louisiana 4 | Vacant | Seat vacant since January 26, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
| Louisiana 5 | Vacant | Seat vacant since January 26, 1861. Winner not seated. |
| ||
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Massachusetts 1 | Thomas D. Eliot | National Union | 1858 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Massachusetts 2 | Oakes Ames | National Union | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Massachusetts 3 | Alexander H. Rice | National Union | 1858 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Massachusetts 4 | Samuel Hooper | National Union | 1861 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Massachusetts 5 | John B. Alley | National Union | 1858 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Massachusetts 6 | Daniel W. Gooch | National Union | 1858 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Massachusetts 7 | George S. Boutwell | National Union | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Massachusetts 8 | John D. Baldwin | National Union | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Massachusetts 9 | William B. Washburn | National Union | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Massachusetts 10 | Henry Laurens Dawes | National Union | 1856 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Mississippi did not hold elections to the 39th Congress.
Missouri
Montana Territory
See non-voting delegates, below.
Nebraska Territory
See non-voting delegates, below.
Nevada
38th Congress
On October 31, 1864, the new state of Nevada elected Republican Henry G. Worthington to finish the term ending March 3, 1865.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Nevada at-large | New state | New seat. Republican gain. |
| ||
39th Congress
Worthington was not renominated for the next term, however, and on November 7, 1865, Republican Delos R. Ashley was elected November 7, 1865 for the term that had already begun but would not formally meet until December 4, 1865.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Nevada at-large | Henry G. Worthington | Republican | 1864 (new state) | Incumbent lost renomination.[23] Republican hold. |
|
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico Territory
See non-voting delegates, below.
New York
North Carolina
North Carolina did not hold elections to the 39th Congress.
Ohio
Ohio's delegation swung from 14–5 Democratic to 17-2 Republican as 10 Democratic incumbents lost renomination or re-election.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[25] | |
| Ohio 1 | George H. Pendleton | Democratic | 1856 | Incumbent retired to run for Vice President. Republican gain. |
|
| Ohio 2 | Alexander Long | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost renomination. Republican gain. |
|
| Ohio 3 | Robert C. Schenck | Republican | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Ohio 4 | John F. McKinney | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
|
| Ohio 5 | Francis C. Le Blond | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Ohio 6 | Chilton A. White | Democratic | 1860 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
|
| Ohio 7 | Samuel S. Cox | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
|
| Ohio 8 | William Johnston | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
|
| Ohio 9 | Warren P. Noble | Democratic | 1860 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
|
| Ohio 10 | James M. Ashley | Republican | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Ohio 11 | Wells A. Hutchins | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
|
| Ohio 12 | William E. Finck | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Ohio 13 | John O'Neill | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
|
| Ohio 14 | George Bliss | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
|
| Ohio 15 | James R. Morris | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
|
| Ohio 16 | Joseph W. White | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
|
| Ohio 17 | Ephraim R. Eckley | Republican | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Ohio 18 | Rufus P. Spalding | Republican | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Ohio 19 | James A. Garfield | Republican | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Carolina did not hold elections to the 39th Congress.
Tennessee
Elections held late, on August 3, 1865.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Tennessee 1 | None (vacant due to Civil War) | New member elected. Union gain. |
| ||
| Tennessee 2 | None (vacant due to Civil War) | New member elected. Union gain. |
| ||
| Tennessee 3 | None (vacant due to Civil War) | New member elected. Union gain. |
| ||
| Tennessee 4 | None (vacant due to Civil War) | New member elected. Union gain. |
| ||
| Tennessee 5 | None (vacant due to Civil War) | New member elected. Union gain. |
| ||
| Tennessee 6 | None (vacant due to Civil War) | New member elected. Union gain. |
| ||
| Tennessee 7 | None (vacant due to Civil War) | New member elected. Union gain. |
| ||
| Tennessee 8 | None (vacant due to Civil War) | New member elected. Union gain. |
| ||
Texas
Texas did not hold elections to the 39th Congress.
Utah Territory
See non-voting delegates, below.
Vermont
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[35] | |
| Vermont 1 | Frederick E. Woodbridge | Republican | 1863 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Vermont 2 | Justin S. Morrill | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Vermont 3 | Portus Baxter | Republican | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia
Virginia did not hold elections to the 39th Congress.
Washington Territory
See non-voting delegates, below.
West Virginia
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| West Virginia 1 | Jacob B. Blair | Unconditional Union |
1863 | Incumbent retired. Unconditional Union hold. |
|
| West Virginia 2 | William G. Brown Sr. | Unconditional Union |
1863 | Incumbent retired. Unconditional Union hold. |
|
| West Virginia 3 | Kellian Whaley | Unconditional Union |
1863 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin
Wisconsin elected six members of congress on Election Day, November 8, 1864.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[39] | |
| Wisconsin 1 | James S. Brown | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent withdrew from election. National Union gain. |
|
| Wisconsin 2 | Ithamar Sloan | Republican | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected on National Union ticket. Republican hold. |
|
| Wisconsin 3 | Amasa Cobb | Republican | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected on National Union ticket. Republican hold. |
|
| Wisconsin 4 | Charles A. Eldredge | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Wisconsin 5 | Ezra Wheeler | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent retired. National Union gain. |
|
| Wisconsin 6 | Walter D. McIndoe | Republican | 1862 (special) | Incumbent re-elected on National Union ticket. Republican hold. |
|
Non-voting delegates
38th Congress
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delegate | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Arizona Territory at-large | None (new seat) | New seat. Union gain. |
| ||
| Montana Territory at-large | None (new seat) | New seat. Democratic gain. |
| ||
39th Congress
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delegate | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Arizona Territory at-large | Charles D. Poston | Republican- Union |
1864 | Incumbent lost re-election. Union hold. |
|
| Colorado Territory at-large | Hiram P. Bennet | Republican- Union |
1861 | Incumbent retired. Anti-Statehood gain. |
|
| Dakota Territory at-large | John B. S. Todd | People's Union | 1861[o] | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
|
| Idaho Territory at-large | William H. Wallace | Republican- Union |
1863 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
|
| Montana Territory at-large | Samuel McLean | Democratic | 1864 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Nebraska Territory at-large | Samuel G. Daily | Republican- Union |
1860 (wc) | Incumbent retired. Union hold. |
|
| New Mexico Territory at-large | |||||
| Utah Territory at-large | |||||
| Washington Territory at-large | |||||
See also
Notes
- Excluding special elections and states admitted after the start of Congress.
- Including late elections.
- An additional 50 seats were vacant as a result of Reconstruction.
- Combined result for Republican-Union and Unconditional Union candidates in the last election.
- Including 1 Independent Unionist and 1 War Democrat.
- Including 1 Independent Unionist, John R. Kelso, elected from Missouri's 4th congressional district.
- Including all votes for Independents, Independent Unionists, and Independent Democrats.
- 1 Independent Unionist was elected.
- Not including rejected elections in Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, and Virginia.
- In 1845, Congress passed a law providing for a uniform date for choosing presidential electors (see: Statutes at Large, 28th Congress, 2nd Session, p. 721). Congressional elections were unaffected by this law, but the date was gradually adopted by the states for congressional elections as well.
- 13 single-member districts and 1 at-large seat
- Including 1 Independent Unionist.
- Union Democrats
- Results from all districts are incomplete.
- Todd successfully contested the election of William Jayne after being defeated for re-election in 1862 and was seated on June 18, 1864.[45]