1867 in Mexico
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In 1867, the Second Mexican Empire collapsed, marking the consolidation of the Mexican Republic and the victory of the Liberal government. Emperor Maximilian I, after losing the support of the French army and failing to secure sufficient military backing within Mexico, remained in power until he was captured at Querétaro along with his leading generals. He was subsequently tried and sentenced to death despite international appeals for clemency.
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The defeat of the Imperial forces was carried out by Liberal commanders including Porfirio DÃaz, who captured Puebla, and Mariano Escobedo, who took Querétaro. On 15 July 1867, constitutional president Benito Juárez returned to Mexico City, bringing the Second French Intervention to an end.
Incumbents
Governors
- Aguascalientes: Jesús Gómez Portugal
- Campeche: Pablo GarcÃa Montilla
- Chiapas:
- Chihuahua: Luis Terrazas
- Coahuila: Andrés S. Viesca Bagües/Juan Antonio Claudio de la Fuente Cárdenas/Andrés S. Viesca Bagües/Antonio Valdés Carrillo/Andrés S. Viesca Bagües
- Colima: José Maria Mendoza/Ramón R. De la Vega
- Durango:
- Guanajuato:
- Guerrero:
- Jalisco:
- State of Mexico:
- Michoacán: Justo Mendoza/Rafael Carrillo
- Nuevo León: Manuel Z. Gómez/Jerónimo Treviño
- Oaxaca:
- Puebla:
- Querétaro: Manuel DomÃnguez y Quintanar/Julio M. Cervantes
- San Luis PotosÃ:
- Sinaloa:
- Sonora:
- Tabasco:
- Tamaulipas: Governors from the Northern and Central District
- Veracruz: Francisco Hernández y Hernández
- Yucatán:
- Zacatecas:
Events
January
- In January 1867, President Benito Juárez established his government in Durango.[1]
- January 1 - Maximilian I spent the New Year in Puebla while returning to the capital after abandoning plans to leave Mexico.
- January 5 - Maximilian I arrived at the Hacienda de la Teja, near Mexico City, and requested that no official reception be held. The previous day, the imperial governmentâs official newspaper had published a proclamation by the emperor that caused concern among his supporters in the capital. The text included the statement that he bore the Trigarante flag and would die, if necessary, for the independence and freedom of the nation.
- January 7 - Maximilian I met with Marshal Bazaine at the Hacienda de la Teja, where Bazaine advised him to abdicate the throne.[1]
- January 7 - Republican general Ramón Corona and his forces passed through the territory of Tepic without resistance. Manuel Lozada, who had previously supported the Empire, had declared neutrality in December 1866 following the withdrawal of French troops from Sinaloa and the anticipated Republican victory.
- January 9 - Jesús González Ortega was arrested in Zacatecas by General Auza on the orders of Benito Juárez.[1]
- January 10 - Napoleon III ordered the withdrawal of French forces from Mexico, together with Austrian and Belgian troops and civilians who wished to leave as Liberal forces advanced.[1]
- January 11 â Benito Juárez becomes Mexican president again in an era called the Restored Republic.
- January 13 - the first 700 French soldiers embarked at Veracruz.[1]
- January 14 - a meeting of imperial advisers was held at the National Palace in the absence of Maximilian I, owing to the political and military situation. The meeting was presided over by Teodosio Lares, president of the Supreme Court of Justice. During the session, Marshal Achille Bazaine presented abdication as the only viable course for the emperor. The bishops withdrew their support for the Empire, while the imperial ministers continued to express confidence in defeating the Republican forces and restoring order.
- January 14 - Ramón Corona captured Guadalajara, which had been defended by Mexican and French Imperial forces under the command of Ignacio Gutiérrez.[1][2]
- January 18 - General Ramón Corona began organizing the Liberal administration in Jalisco and appointed Antonio Gómez Cuervo as interim governor and military commander of the state.
- January 21 - Maximilian I returned to Mexico City.[1]
- January 22 - Benito Juárez arrived in Zacatecas from Durango as he advanced toward central Mexico.[1][3]
- January 27, Miguel Miramón launched a surprise attack on Zacatecas, where Juárez and the Republican government were based, and succeeded in capturing the city. Juárez escaped on horseback and narrowly avoided capture. He later stated that a delay of fifteen minutes would have resulted in his arrest by Miramón.[1][4][10][11]
April
- April 2 â Third Battle of Puebla
June
- June 19 â A firing squad executes Emperor Maximilian of Mexico.
Births
Notable deaths
- June 19
- Maximilian I of Mexico, 2nd emperor of Mexico, 1864-1867; executed (b. 1832)[5]
- Tomás MejÃa, general; executed (b. 1820)[5][6]
- Miguel Miramón, substitute president from 1859-1860 (b. 1832), executed.[5][7]
- August 21 â Juan Ãlvarez, interim president of Mexico in 1855 (b. 1790)[8]
External links
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