1885 in architecture
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The year 1885 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings.
Events
- May â The original wooden structures of Hobson Block, West Union, Iowa, USA, are destroyed by fire, leading to construction of the present building.
- W. D. Caröe is appointed architect to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners for England.[1]
- Construction of the Altare della Patria (Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II) in Rome, designed by Giuseppe Sacconi, begins; it will not be completed until 1925.
Buildings and structures
Buildings opened
- July 13 â New building for the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam, designed by Pierre Cuypers.[2]
- November 30 â London Pavilion variety theatre, designed by Robert Worley and James Ebenezer Saunders.
- December 27 â Church of St. Peter, Leipzig, designed by August Hartel and Constantin Lipsius.
- Castle Hotel, Conwy, Wales.[3]
- Church of Saint Anthony of Padua, BusovaÄa, Bosnia-Herzegovina.[4]
- Vestermarie Church, Bornholm, Denmark.
- Metropole Hotel, London, designed by Francis Fowler and James Ebenezer Saunders.
Buildings completed
- Autumn â The Home Insurance Building in Chicago, Illinois, designed by William Le Baron Jenney. With ten floors and a fireproof weight-bearing metal frame, it is regarded as the first skyscraper.[5]
- Academy of Athens (Greece), designed by Theophil Hansen in 1859.
- Holloway Sanatorium near Virginia Water in England, designed by William Henry Crossland.
- Sway Tower in Hampshire, England, designed by Andrew Peterson using concrete made with Portland cement. It remains the world's tallest non-reinforced concrete structure.[6][7]
- House for Kate Greenaway, Frognal, London, designed by Richard Norman Shaw.
- Elmside (house), Grange Road, Cambridge, England, designed by Edward Prior.
- Rebuilt Framingham Railroad Station in Framingham, Massachusetts, designed by H. H. Richardson.
Awards
- RIBA Royal Gold Medal â Heinrich Schliemann.
- Grand Prix de Rome, architecture: François Paul André.
Births
- February 23 â Yoshikazu Uchida, Japanese architect and structural engineer (died 1972)
- July 13 â Adolf Behne, German art historian, architectural writer and leader of the Avant Garde movement (died 1948)
- July 15 â Josef Frank, Austrian-born architect and designer (died 1967)
- July 29 â Sigurd Lewerentz, Swedish architect and furniture designer (died 1975)
- August 13 â Charles Howard Crane, American architect (died 1952)
- August 30 â Paul Gösch, German Expressionist artist, architect, lithographer and designer (died 1940)[8][9]
- September 22 â Gunnar Asplund, Swedish "Nordic Classicist" architect (died 1940)
- December 5 â Ernest Cormier, Canadian engineer and architect (died 1980)
- December 17 â Wells Coates, Canadian architect, designer and writer (died 1958)
- December 28 â Vladimir Tatlin, Russian painter and architect (died 1953)[10]
Deaths
- February 1 â Henri Dupuy de Lôme, French naval architect (born 1816)
- March 9 â Matthew Ellison Hadfield, English Victorian Gothic architect (born 1812)
- May 22 â Théodore Ballu, French architect of public buildings (born 1817)
- May 28 â Horace King, US architect, engineer, and bridge builder.[11]
- June 14 â William Tinsley, US-based Irish architect (born 1804)
- August 1 â Thomas Leverton Donaldson, British architect, co-founder and President of the Royal Institute of British Architects[12]
- August 24 â Eduard Riedel, German architect and Bavarian government building officer (born 1813)
- September 2 â Giuseppe Bonavia, Maltese architect (born 1821)
- November 16 â Frederick Ernst Ruffini, US architect (born 1851)